Umhlinzeki We-Silicon Dioxide Ehlanzekile: Ukuhlaziywa Kwemakethe Yomhlaba Wonke & Amathrendi Azayo - Umhlinzeki Ohamba Phambili Kumboni Yezinto Zokusebenza Nezogesi

创建于02.25

I-Electronic-grade Silicon Dioxide enobumsulwa obungaphezu kuka-99.99%: Ukuhlaziywa Okujulile Kwezimakethe Zomhlaba Wonke Nezasekhaya, Izicelo, namathemba

I-electron-grade high-purity silicon dioxide (SiO₂ ≥ 99.99%) iwumsebenzi owumgogodla wezimboni zamasu ezifana nama-semiconductors, ama-photovoltaics, ne-optical fiber communication. Ukuhlanzeka kwayo, ukulawulwa kokungcola, kanye nezakhiwo zomzimba kuthinta ngokuqondile ukusebenza kwemikhiqizo engaphansi komfula. Okulandelayo ukuhlaziya okujulile okuvela ezicini ezine: isimo samanje sezimakethe zomhlaba nezasekhaya, izinhlelo zokusebenza eziyinhloko, izitayela zesikhathi esizayo, nezinselele.

I. Isimo Samanje Sezimakethe Zomhlaba kanye Nezasekhaya

Amazinga Amazwe Omhlaba kanye Nendawo Yokuncintisana

Amazinga Obuchwepheshe: Emakethe yamazwe ngamazwe esezingeni eliphezulu, ibhentshimakhi i-SiO₂ ≥ 99.995% (4N5) futhi okuqukethwe okungcolile kungaphansi kuka-50μg/g. Izidingo zebanga le-semiconductor ziphakeme nakakhulu (4N8 - 5N).
Iphethini ye-Monopoly: I-Covia (ngaphambili eyayiyi-Sibelco e-United States) ibusa ukunikezwa komhlaba wonke. Imikhiqizo yayo yochungechunge lwe-IOTA ibala ngaphezu kuka-70% wesabelo semakethe se-semiconductor-grade, enezivimbio eziphezulu kakhulu zobuchwepheshe, ezifana nokuhlanzwa okumsulwa kakhulu kanye nokulawulwa kokuma kwezinhlayiyana.
Inqubekelaphambili Yasekhaya: Izinga lendawo le-4N5-grade high-purity quartz sand lifinyelele ngaphezu kuka-60% (amabhizinisi afana ne-Jiangsu Pacific Quartz Co., Ltd.), kodwa ibanga le-4N8 - 5N lisancike kakhulu ekuthengisweni kwamanye amazwe (i-akhawunti yokungenisa imali engaphezu kuka-90%). I-silica micro powder eyindilinga ye-Lianrui New Materials, esetshenziselwa ukupakishwa kwe-chip, yephule ukubusa kweDenka eJapan, futhi isabelo sayo semakethe yomhlaba wonke sikhuphuke safinyelela ku-15% ngo-2023.

II. Izinkambu Zokusebenza Eziyinhloko kanye Nabashayeli Bezidingo

Ama-semiconductors nama-Electronics (Ukubalwa kwe-45%)

Ukwenziwa Kwe-Wafer: Isetshenziswa njengesithwali se-photoresist nesixazululo sokupholisha se-CMP. Isidingo sama-silicon wafers angu-12-intshi sesikhulile. Umthamo wokukhiqiza wanyanga zonke wasekhaya usufinyelele izingcezu ezingama-800,000, futhi kulindeleke ukuthi udlule izingcezu eziyizigidi ezi-2 ngo-2025.
Ukupakishwa Okuthuthukile: I-silica micro powder eyindilinga igcwele i-epoxy molding compound (EMC), inciphisa i-coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) ibe ngaphansi kuka-3ppm/°C ukuze ihlangabezane nezidingo ze-HBM (High Bandwidth Memory) kanye nama-chips e-AI.
I-High-frequency kanye ne-High-speed Substrates: I-Dkt/Df Ephansi (I-Dielectric Constant/Loss Factor) i-silica micro powder isetshenziselwa ama-PCB eziteshi eziyisisekelo ze-5G namaseva. Usayizi wemakethe uzokwenyuka ngo-12% ngonyaka kusukela ngo-2023 kuya ku-2030.
I-Biomedicine: I-silica gel microspheres enezimbobo esetshenziswa njengezisetshenziswa zokupakisha ze-chromatographic, nezinga lokushintshwa kwasekhaya elingaphansi kuka-10%.
I-Optics and Aerospace: Ingilazi yequartz ene-high-purity isetshenziselwa amalensi e-ultraviolet laser ajulile namalensi esathelayithi, anokudlulisa ukukhanya okungu-> 99.99%.

III. Amathrendi Akusasa Nokukhula Abashayeli

Funa Amaphuzu Okuqhuma

Ukupakisha Okuthuthukile: Ukupakishwa kwe-3D kanye nobuchwepheshe be-Chiplet buzoqhuba isidingo se-silica micro powder eyindilinga. Imakethe yomhlaba wonke kulindeleke ukuthi ifinyelele kumathani angama-430,000 ngo-2028 (ngenani lokukhula elihlanganisiwe lonyaka lama-8.5%).
I-AI kanye ne-High-speed Computing: Isidingo se-Ultra Low Loss-grade silica micro powder (Df ≤ 0.001) sikhuphuke, ngentengo yeyunithi engaphezu kwamayuan angu-50,000 ngethani, okuyiprimiyamu engu-300% uma kuqhathaniswa nemikhiqizo evamile.
Inqubo Yokuhlanza: Indlela yokuhlanganisa amakhemikhali (i-tetrachlorosilicon vapor deposition) izongena esikhundleni sendlela evamile yokuhlanza amaminerali, ngobumsulwa obungafinyelela ezingeni le-6N kanye nokwehliswa kwezindleko ngama-30%.
Ukulawula I-Morphology: Ukuphumelela ku-nanoscale spheroidization (usayizi wezinhlayiyana ≤ 0.5μm) kanye ne-monodispersity (inani le-CV <3%) ubuchwepheshe okufanele bufanele izinqubo ezingaphansi kuka-3nm.
Ukusekelwa Kwenqubomgomo: Ifakwe kukhathalogi ebalulekile ye-"Made in China 2025". Intengo yemikhiqizo yasekhaya ye-semiconductor-grade iphansi ngo-20% - 30% kunemikhiqizo evela kwamanye amazwe.
Ukwandiswa Kwamandla: I-Lianrui New Materials ihlela ukufinyelela umthamo wokukhiqiza oyindilinga wamathani angama-60,000 ngonyaka ngo-2025, ithatha u-15% wesabelo semakethe yomhlaba wonke.

IV. Izinselele Ezibalulekile Nezingozi

I-Resource Bottlenecks: Izinqolobane zomhlaba ze-high-purity vein quartz ore zingaphansi kwamathani ayizigidi eziyi-10, futhi i-China yenza u-15% kuphela. Amandla asetshenziswa ekuhlanzeni afinyelela ku-2000kWh/ton.

Ukuncintisana Kwamazwe Ngamazwe: Izithiyo zelungelo lobunikazi zamabhizinisi ase-Europe, eMelika, nase-Japan, njengelungelo lobunikazi lika-Covia "lokuhlanzwa kwe-chlorination yezinga lokushisa eliphezulu", kunciphisa ukusabalala kobuchwepheshe.

Igebe Lobuchwepheshe: Okuqukethwe kokungcola kwensimbi (okufana ne-Al kanye ne-Fe) emikhiqizweni yasekhaya ye-4N8-grade kusekuphezulu ngo-50% - 100% ngaphezu kwalokho kwemikhiqizo evela kwamanye amazwe.

Isiphetho

I-silicon dioxide ye-electronic-grade high-purity iyisisetshenziswa se-"bottleneck" nesisetshenziswa samasu. Imakethe yomhlaba wonke izogcina izinga lokukhula elingaphezu kuka-10% eminyakeni emihlanu ezayo. Amabhizinisi asekhaya adinga ukugxila ekwandiseni inqubo yokuhlanza (njengokunciphisa izindleko kusetshenziswa izindlela ze-biological leaching), ukuzuza impumelelo ezinhlelweni zokusebenza eziphezulu (ukwenziwa kwasekhaya kwebanga le-semiconductor), kanye nokusheshisa ukuhlanganiswa kochungechunge lwezimboni (njengokuhlanganiswa kwensimbi ye-quartz, ukuhlanzwa, kanye nokucutshungulwa okujulile) kokuthatha indawo entsha yokucubungula amandla e-AIy endaweni entsha.

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