I-Fumed Silica: I-Industrial "Jack-of-All-Trades" phakathi kwezinto ze-Nanoscale
I-silica evuthayo (i-vapor-phase silica white) iyinto engaphili ye-nanoscale ehlanganiswe nge-high-temperature hydrolysis yama-halosilanes elangeni le-hydrogen-oxygen. Ifaka usayizi wezinhlayiyana ezincane (usayizi wezinhlayiyana oyinhloko osuka ku-7 kuye ku-40 nm), indawo enkulu ethize (100 - 400 m²/g), kanye nomsebenzi ongaphezulu. Isakhiwo sayo se-dendritic esinezinhlangothi ezintathu esiyingqayizivele kanye nenethiwekhi yebhondi ye-hydrogen iyinikeza izici "eziguquguqukayo" ezifana nokuqinisa, ukuqina, i-thixotropy, kanye ne-anti-sedimentation, okuyenza ibe "ingqwele efihliwe" yemboni yesimanje.
I. Isakhiwo Esiyinhloko kanye Nezinzuzo Zokusebenza
- Isakhiwo Senethiwekhi enezinhlangothi ezintathu
I-silica evuthayo yakhiwa ukuhlanganiswa kwezinhlayiya eziyinhloko (7 - 40 nm) zibe ama-aggregate (200 - 500 nm), abese enza ama-flocculent agglomerates ngokusebenzisa i-adsorption ebonakalayo. Lesi sakhiwo singaphazamiseka futhi sihlelwe kabusha ngaphansi kwe-shear force, sinikeze i-thixotropy ezintweni (isibonelo, ukuvimbela ukugoqa kuma-coatings nama-adhesives).
Amaqembu e-silanol ayinsalela (Si - OH) endaweni eyizinhlayiyana angenza amabhondi e-hydrogen noma asabele ngezishintshi. Uhlobo lwe-hydrophilic olungalungisiwe (Uhlobo A) luncibilika kalula emanzini, kuyilapho uhlobo lwe-hydrophobic (Uhlobo B), ngemva kokushintshwa ngama-silazanes, njll., luba ne-engeli yokuxhumana > 150°, okulwenza lufanele amasistimu anamafutha.
- Ukuqhathaniswa Kwepharamitha Yokusebenza
I-Index Domestic Leading Enterprises (isb, i-Lianhong Xinke) Amabhizinisi AseYurophu nawaseMelika (isb., i-Heraeus)
Ukusabalalisa Usayizi Wezinhlayiyana ±3 nm (ubuchwepheshe bokulawula obunelungelo lobunikazi) ±8 nm
Specific Surface Area 200 - 300 m²/g 150 - 220 m²/g
Ukuguqulwa Kobuso Ku-situ Hydrophobicity (i-engeli yokuxhumana > 150°) I-Hydrophobicity yangemuva kokwelashwa
Intengo (yuan/ton) 25,000 - 35,000 80,000 - 120,000
II. Izimo Zokuhlukaniswa Nezicelo
- Uhlobo Lwe-Hydrophilic (Uhlobo A)
- Izicelo: Ukuqiniswa kwenjoloba ye-silicone (ukukhulisa ukumelana nezinyembezi ngo-30%), ukujiya kwezimbobo, i-anti-caking ejenti ekudleni (kumpushana wobisi/ikhofi), kanye ne-thixotropic ezimonyoni (ukuvimbela ukwakheka kwamakhekhe kusisekelo).
- Icala: Amabhizinisi obisi afana ne-Danone ne-Nestlé asethathele indawo ama-anti-caking agents, futhi umthamo wawo wokuthekelisa ukhuphuke ngo-120%.
- Uhlobo Lwe-Hydrophobic (Uhlobo B)
- Izicelo: Ukumbozwa kwezihlukanisi zebhethri ye-lithium (ukuhlolwa kwe-Ningde Times kubonisa ukwenyuka ngo-40% empilweni yomjikelezo), ingcina yokunamathisela eziteshini eziyisisekelo ze-5G, i-anti-sedimentation kuma-powder coatings, kanye nokumelana ne-UV engilazini yemvelo.
- Ukuphumelela Kwezobuchwepheshe: I-silika ye-hydrophobic fumed yasekhaya isebenzisa ama-algorithms e-AI ukuze ilawule inkambu yelangabi, ithole ukufana kosayizi wezinhlayiyana ongu-±5 nm, nokusebenza okuqhathaniswa nemikhiqizo yamazwe ngamazwe.
III. Ubuchwepheshe bokuguqulwa kobuso
Ngezilungisi ezifana nama-silazane nama-chlorosilanes, izakhiwo ezingaphezulu zingalawulwa ngokunembile:
- Ukuguqulwa Kwe-Hydrophobic: I-engeli yokuthinta ikhuphuka isuka ku-70° iye phezu kuka-150°, iyenze ifanelekele amasistimu anamafutha (njengamayinki nama-coatings).
- Ukuguqulwa Komsebenzi: Ngokuxhunyelelwa ama-photoinitiators noma amachashazi e-quantum, izinto ezisabelayo zesithombe-kagesi-ezishisayo zingathuthukiswa ukuze zisetshenziswe ezinhlobonhlobo ezihlakaniphile kanye nokukhipha ukushisa kwe-chip.
IV. Amathrendi namazinga embonini
- Ukushintsha Kwasekhaya Okusheshisiwe: Umthamo wokukhiqiza waseShayina wenza ama-35% engqikithi yomhlaba wonke. Ukuthunyelwa kwemikhiqizo esezingeni eliphezulu kukhuphuke ngamaphesenti angama-87 ngonyaka, kanti intengo ingamaphesenti angama-60 kuphela aleyo ethengwayo.
- Isilungiselelo Esijwayelekile: I-China yengamele ukwakhiwa kwe-ISO 18473-3 "I-Fumed Silica ye-Silicone Rubber", ekhuthaza imikhiqizo ukuthi ingene emakethe yezinga eliphezulu.
I-silica evuthayo ishintsha kusukela "kusithuthukisi ukunambitheka kwemboni" kuya "kusixazululo se-nanoscale", esihlanganisa izinkambu ezingaphezu kuka-800 ezifana nerabha, amandla amasha, nezimonyo. Indawo yayo engaphezulu ngegremu ilingana nenkundla yebhola, futhi ukusebenza kwayo kwesikhangiso kungaphezu kokucatshangwa.