isiZulu
Uchungechunge Oluphelele Lomkhiqizo We-Silica Weg-Grade
Kwadalwa ngo Ngokwamukisa
Uchungechunge Oluphelele Lwemikhiqizo ye-Silica Yokudla
Ingxenye eyinhloko yalolu chungechunge lwemikhiqizo yi-silica (Ikhodi Yomhlaba Wonke Yezithako Zokudla: E551), zonke zilungiswe ngenqubo yokubeka phansi/yegesi, ngokuhambisana namazinga ezithako zokudla ezimakethe ezinkulu zomhlaba njengeChina, i-European Union, i-United States, neJapan. Yonke imikhiqizo idlule ku-ISO22000 Food Safety Management System Certification, ayizona izinto eziyingozi zamakhemikhali, futhi ingahlangabezana nezidingo zokukhiqiza kwasekhaya nokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe emhlabeni. Okulandelayo okuqukethwe okuhlanganisiwe nokuhlanganisiwe kochungechunge olugcwele lwemikhiqizo, ngaphandle kwamapharamitha aphindaphindwayo, izimo zokusebenzisa eziphindaphindwayo noma izincazelo zokufaneleka eziphindaphindwayo.
I. Uchungechunge Lwe-Silica Olujwayelekile Lokudla
Lolu chungechunge imodeli eyisisekelo ejwayelekile yomkhakha wokudla, enemisebenzi eyisisekelo eyintathu eyinhloko: ukumelana nokubuna, ukusiza ukuhamba, nokuhlakaza. Ifanele izidingo zokukhiqiza zokudla okuningi okujwayelekile okuyimpuphu, enokusebenza kahle kwezindleko, futhi iyisigaba esisetshenziswa kakhulu embonini yokudla.
1. Impushana Ye-Silica Ejwayelekile Yokudla
• Incazelo Yomkhiqizo: Kulungiswe ngezinto zokusetshenziswa zokudla nezindlela zokuhlanganisa ezijwayelekile, akukho phunga, akukho ukunambitheka, akukho buthi, akubanga nokuququda, nezakhiwo zamakhemikhali ezizinzile. Akusabelani namaprotheni, ama-carbohydrate, amafutha nezinye izingxenye ekudleni, nobuningi obungu-≥96%, futhi kungangezwa ngqo ezinhlobonhlobo zokudla okudliwayo, kuhambisana namazinga kazwelonke e-GB 2760 kanye ne-GB 25576-2020.
• Amapharamitha Abalulekile:
Ipharamitha | Imininingwane Enemininingwane |
Ukubukeka | Impulu emhlophe enoboya, ayinazo izinto ezingenasidingo, ayinavumba |
Ububanzi Boqweqwe Lwezinhlayiya | 2-50μm (kungenziwa ngendlela oyifisayo) |
Okuqukethwe yi-Silica | ≥96% |
Inani le-pH | 6.0-8.0 (ukumiswa okungu-10%) |
Inani Elivamile Lokungezwa | 0.1%-2.0% (kuhambisana nemikhawulo ejwayelekile kazwelonke) |
Isikhathi Sokugcina | Izinyanga ezingama-24 (isitoreji esivaliwe) |
Umthamo Wokukhiqiza Wonyaka | Amathani ayi-10,000+, isikhathi sokuhlinzeka esikhulayo |
• Izimo Zokusebenzisa: Kufanele kube okwezinyongo ezifana nosawoti, ushukela oluyimpuphu, nengxube yenkukhu; ukudla okusheshayo okufana neziphuzo eziqinile, ubisi oluyimpuphu, nempushana yekhofi; nokucubungula okujwayelekile kokudla okufana nezinto zokubhaka, ukudla okomile, namaswidi. Kuxazulula izinkinga ezifana nokuhlanganiswa kwempushana, ukungahambi kahle, namaphutha amakhulu okugcwalisa ngaphandle kokuthinta ukunambitheka kwasekuqaleni nokunambitheka kokudla.
• Ukupakisha, Ukugcina kanye Nokuhambisa: I-Standard 10/15/20kg yokudla PE inner membrane + ibhagi elihlanganisiwe, elivaliwe futhi elivikelekile emanzini; igcinwa endaweni epholile, eyomile, evaliwe futhi emnyama, kugwenywe izinga lokushisa eliphezulu kanye nokuphakama kokushisa; kusekela ukuhamba komhlaba, olwandle nasemoyeni.
• Izimfanelo Eziyinhloko: ISO9001 Ukuqinisekiswa Kwesistimu Yokuphathwa Kwekhwalithi, ISO22000 Ukuqinisekiswa Kwesistimu Yokuphathwa Kokuphepha Kokudla, Ukuqinisekiswa kwe-FDA, Ukuqinisekiswa kwe-HALAL, Ukuqinisekiswa kwe-KOSHER, Ilayisensi Yokukhiqiza Izithasiselo Zokudla.
II. Uchungechunge lwe-Silica lwezokudla olusebenza kahle
Lolu chungechunge lwenziwe ukuze luhlangabezane nezidingo ezithile zokusebenza ekucubunguleni ukudla. Umkhiqizo ngamunye unomsebenzi omuhle, ongakwazi ukusiza kahle izinkinga ezihlukene ekukhiqizeni ukudla. Bonke imikhiqizo ihambisana nezindinganiso zokuphepha kwezithasiselo zokudla zomhlaba.
1. I-Silica Ekhethekile Yokulwa Nokuhlangana Yokudla
• Incazelo Yomkhiqizo: Igxile emsebenzini oyinhloko wokuvimbela ukubambana nokubambana, yakha umgoqo wesikhala ngokuklama okucacile kosayizi wezinhlayiya ukuze kuphulwe amandla e-van der Waals phakathi kwezinhlayiya zempushana. Isikhathi sokusebenza sokuvimbela ukubambana sihlanganisa sonke isikhathi sokugcinwa komkhiqizo, ngokuhlanzeka okungu-≥97%, kufaneleka ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene zokudla okuyimpushana okulula ukubambana, futhi kungavumelana nezindawo zokugcina ezinomswakama ophakathi.
• Amapharamitha Ayinhloko: Ububanzi bosayizi wezinhlayiya 2-45μm, okuqukethwe yi-silica ≥97%, inani le-pH 6.0-8.0, inani elivamile lokwengeza 0.1%-1.8%, isikhathi sokugcinwa sezinyanga ezingama-24.
• Izimo Zokusebenzisa: Ukudla okuyimpuphu okulula ukubambana njengosawoti, ushukela oluyimpuphu, izithako zokubhaka, impuphu yekhokho, nempuphu yemifino eyomisiwe, kuxazululwa inkinga yokubambana ngesikhathi sokugcina nokuthutha ngaphandle kokuthinta izici zangempela zokudla.
2. I-Silica Eklanyelwe Ukudla Yokusiza Ukuhamba
• Incazelo Yomkhiqizo: Yakhelwe ngokukhethekile ukuxazulula izinkinga zokuhamba kabi nokubambana kokugcwalisa kokudla okuyimpuphu, ngokusebenzisa usayizi wezinhlayiya ezincane kakhulu kanye nomklamo wesakhiwo esinemingxuma, kunciphisa kakhulu i-angle of repose (≤28°), futhi ukuhamba kwandiswa ngo-60%-80%, ngokuhlanzeka okungu-≥98.5%, kufanele ifanele imigqa yokukhiqiza ehlukahlukene yokugcwalisa ngokuzenzakalelayo.
• Amapharamitha Abalulekile: Usayizi wezinhlayiya ububanzi 5-50μm (D50 ingenziwa ngokwezifiso), okuqukethwe yi-silica ≥98.5%, i-angle of repose ≤28°, inani le-pH 6.0-8.0, inani elivamile lokwengeza 0.1%-0.8%, isikhathi sokugcina izinyanga ezingama-24.
• Izimo Zokusetshenziswa: Izimo zokugcwalisa ngesivinini esikhulu zokudla okuyimpuphu njengobisi oluyimpuphu, impuphu yamaprotheni, impuphu yokudla okuyisikhundla, kanye nommbila wokudla kwezingane, kunciphisa izinkinga zokunamathela odongeni nokuvimbela, kulawula iphutha lesisindo sokugcwalisa lingabi ngaphezu kwa-±1.5%, futhi kuthuthukisa ukukhiqiza.
3. I-Silica Yokudla Engamelana Nokushisa Okuphezulu
• Incazelo Yomkhiqizo: Ilungiswe ngenqubo ezinzile yokushisa okuphezulu, ingamelana nokushisa okuphezulu okungu-200-300℃, ayiboli, ayiphenduki phuzi noma ikhiphe izinto eziyingozi endaweni eshisayo, inobumsulwa obungu-≥98.5%, ilungele izimo ezahlukahlukene zokucubungula ukudla okushisayo.
• Amapharamitha Abalulekile: Ububanzi bokusayizi wezinhlayiya 7-130μm, okuqukethwe yi-silica ≥98.5%, ububanzi bokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu 200-300℃, inani le-pH 6.0-7.5, inani elivamile lokwengeza 0.3%-0.9%, isikhathi sokugcina 24 izinyanga.
• Izimo Zokusetshenziswa: Impushana yokudla yokubhaka izinga lokushisa eliphezulu, impushana yesinongo sokudla okuthosiwe, impushana yomkhiqizo wezempilo wokubulala amagciwane izinga lokushisa eliphezulu, impushana yesinongo sokudla okusheshayo, njll., efanelekayo ezindleleni ezahlukahlukene zokucubungula izinga lokushisa eliphezulu njengokubhaka, ukugazinga, nokufutha.
4. I-Silica Yokudla Engashintshi Umbala Engenawo U-Iron
• Incazelo Yomkhiqizo: Ukwamukela inqubo yokuhlanzwa kwe-low-iron, okuqukethwe yi-iron ≤5ppm (phansi kakhulu kwemikhawulo yamazwe omhlaba), engakwazi ukuqeda ngokuphelele ukusabela kombala phakathi kwezinto ze-iron nezingxenye zokudla, ivimbele ukudla ukuba kungashintshi lubephuzi, kungashintshi umbala, futhi konakale, ngokuhlanzeka okungu-≥98%, okufanelekayo ekukhiqizeni ukudla okubucayi kumbala.
• Amapharamitha Abalulekile: Ububanzi bobukhulu bamaphakethe 2-30μm, okuqukethwe yi-silica ≥98%, okuqukethwe yi-iron ≤5ppm, inani le-pH 6.0-8.0, inani elivamile lokwengeza 0.1%-1.2%, impilo yeshalofu izinyanga ezingama-24.
• Izimo Zokusebenza: Impushana yokudla kwezingane eyengeziwe, impushana yamalungelo emhlophe, imikhiqizo yobisi ephakeme, impushana yokubuyisela ukudla emhlophe, ingxube yokubhaka emhlophe ngokuphelele, ukudla okuqukethe i-ethyl maltol, okungashintshi umbala wokudla wangempela ngesikhathi sokugcinwa isikhathi eside.
5. I-Silica Yokudla engenazo izinsimbi ezisindayo
• Incazelo Yomkhiqizo: Ngokusebenzisa inqubo yokuhlanza enembayo, okuqukethwe kwezinsimbi ezisindayo ezifana nomhlabathi, i-arsenic ne-mercury kungu-≤0.01mg/kg, kuseduze noziro, akukho msoco, akukho phunga, ubuhlanzekile ≥99.0%, kufanele kube nezimo zokukhiqiza ukudla ezidinga ukuphepha okuphezulu kakhulu.
• Amapharamitha Abalulekile: Ububanzi bokusayizi wezinhlayiya 6-120μm (buyenziwa ngendlela oyifisayo), okuqukethwe kwe-silica ≥99.0%, okuqukethwe kwezinsimbi ezisindayo ≤0.01mg/kg, inani le-pH 6.0-7.0, inani elivamile lokwengeza 0.2%-0.7%, isikhathi sokugcina izinyanga ezingama-24.
• Izimo Zokusetshenziswa: Impushana yokudla kwezingane eyengeziwe, impushana yemikhiqizo yezempilo ephezulu, impushana yokudla okuphilayo, izinongo eziphezulu, njll., akukho ingozi yokuhlala kwensimbi esindayo, ihambisana namazinga omhlaba wonke wokuphepha kokudla okuphezulu.
6. I-Silica Ekhethekile Yokuthwala Izithako Zokudla
• Incazelo Yomkhiqizo: Ilungiswe ngenqubo yokumunca kakhulu, umthamo wokumunca ≥150ml/g (indlela ye-BET), ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokumunca ngokomzimba, ayisasebenzi namakhemikhali nezithako, ingakhulula izithako ezisebenzayo ngokuzinzile, ubumsulwa ≥99%, ilungele izimo ezahlukahlukene zokuhlanganiswa kwezithako zokudla.
• Amapharamitha Abalulekile: Ububanzi bobukhulu bezinhlayiya 3-20μm, okuqukethwe yi-silica ≥99%, umthamo wokumunca ≥150ml/g, inani le-pH 6.0-7.5, inani elivamile lokungezwa 0.05%-1.5%, isikhathi sokugcina esingu-24 izinyanga.
• Izimo Zokusetshenziswa: Isithwali esivela eketshezi siye empahleni esetshenziselwa ukunambitheka nemibala, isihlakazi sezithako zokudla okunomsoco ezifana namavithamini, amaminerali nama-probiotics, ukweseka umsizi wokulondolozwa kwezinto kanye nama-antioxidants, kusiza izithako ukuthi zihlakazeke ngokulinganayo futhi zisebenze ngokuzinzile.
III. Ubukhulu Bezinhlayiya Buyenziwa Ngokwezidingo Uchungechunge Lwe-Silica Olusezingeni Lokudla
Le uchungechunge luhlukaniswe ngokwemibandela eqondile yosayizi wezinhlayiya/izikrini, okungafanisa ngokunembayo izici zezinhlayiya zokudla okuyimpuphu okuhlukahlukene. Umkhiqizo ngamunye unokulawula okunembayo kosayizi wezinhlayiya kanye nokuhlukahluka okuncane kwebatch-to-batch, okufanele ubuchwepheshe bokucubungula obuhlukahlukene nezidingo zokuthungwa komkhiqizo.
1. Imininingwane Ihlukaniswe Ngokwesikrini
Imininingwane Yomkhiqizo | Usayizi Wenhliziyo Wenhliziyo | Ubumsulwa be-Silica | Izici Eziyinhloko | Izimo Zokusebenzisa |
I-Silica Yokudla Engu-100-Mesh | ≈150μm | ≥96% | Usayizi omkhulu wezinhlayiya, ukuvimbela okunamandla ukubambana, ukwakha umgoqo ongasebenza kahle wesikhala | Ukudla okuyimpuphu okunamagrayini amakhulu njengosawoti, ukhwekhwe olukhulu lokubhaka, nezinongo ezinezingxenye ezinkulu |
I-Silica Yokudla Engu-200-Mesh | ≈75μm | ≥96% | Usayizi ojwayelekile wezinhlayiya, ikakhulukazi ukuvimbela ukubambana, uhlanganiswe nokusiza ukuhamba okuncane, ukusebenza okuhlukahlukene kakhulu | Ukudla okuvamile okuyimpuphu njengoshukela oyimpuphu, iziphuzo eziqinile, ubisi oluyimpuphu olujwayelekile, kanye ne-baking premix |
I-Silica Yokudla Ezingeni Lokudla Engu-325-Mesh | ≈45μm | ≥97% | Usayizi ophakathi kwezinhlayiya, ukumelana kahle nokubambana nokusiza ukuhamba, kufaneleka ekugcwaliseni okusheshayo | Izidlo ezimpuphu ezinezinhlayiya eziphakathi-ezinhle njengemikhiqizo yobisi, izinongo, imikhiqizo kakolo, kanye ne-creamer engewona eyobisi |
I-Silica Yokudla Ezingeni Lokudla Engu-500-Mesh | ≈25μm | ≥98% | Usayizi wezinhlayiya ezinhle, ikakhulukazi ukusiza ukuhamba, kuhlanganiswe nokumelana nokubambana, ukuhlakazeka okuhle kakhulu, akukho muzwa wesihlabathi | Izidlo eziyimpuphu ezinhle njenge-whey protein, impuphu yokudla, izithako zokudla okunomsoco, kanye nezinongo eziphakeme kakhulu |
I-Silica Yokudla Engu-800-Mesh | ≈18μm | ≥99% | Usayizi wezinhlayiya ezincane kakhulu, ukusiza ukuhamba okuphezulu nokusabalala okuphezulu, akukho mphumela wokuzwa | Ukudla okuyimpuphu okuncane kakhulu njengempuphu yokudla eyengeziwe yezingane, impuphu yamaprotheni aphezulu aphezulu, impuphu yemikhiqizo yezempilo engenisiwe, kanye nempuphu ye-cocoa ephezulu |
2. Izincazelo Ezihlukaniswe yi-μm Eqinisekile
Inkcazelo Yomkhiqizo | Ubumhlophe be-Silica | Izici Eziyinhloko | Izimo Zokusetshenziswa |
I-Silica Yokudla Engu-5μm | ≥99% | Usayizi wezinhlayiya ezicwecwe kakhulu, ukuhlakazeka okuphezulu, akukho muzwa wesihlabathi, ukuhlala okuncane kakhulu kwensimbi esindayo | Umlotha wokudla wezingane, umlotha wokudla okuphezulu, iziphuzo eziqinile ezicwecwe kakhulu, ukunambitheka nomunyu we-micro-powder |
10μm I-Silica Yokudla | ≥96% | Ifomula ekhethekile engashintshi umbala, ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu, ukugwema ukusabela kombala we-iron ion | Ukudla okubhakiwe okune-ethyl maltol, uswidi wobisi, i-premix yekhekhe elimhlophe ngokuphelele, ukunambitheka nomunyu |
I-Silica Yokudla Eyenziwe Ngama-12μm | ≥99% | Usayizi wezinhlayiya eziphakathi-ezinkulu, impahla ephezulu yokumelana nokubambana, ukunemba okuphezulu kokugcwalisa, iphutha lesisindo ≤±2% | Usawoti, isithako senkukhu, imikhiqizo ye-cocoa, ukhilimu ongaphumi emadleni, imikhiqizo yeqanda eyomisiwe, izinto zokubhaka |
I-Silica Yokudla Engu-15μm | ≥99% | Usayizi ophakathi-ophaphathekile, isici esihle kakhulu sokuvimbela ukubambana, esifanele ukugcinwa nokuthuthwa kwezinto ezinkulu | Usawoti, ushukela oluyimpuphu, i-whey protein, izinongo ezinkulu nezivumba, imikhiqizo yempuphu yokudla ezinkulu |
IV. Uchungechunge lwe-Silica Yokudla Eyakhelwe Izimo Ezithile
Lolu chungechunge lwakhelwe izici zokucubungula kanye nezidingo zokugcinwa kwezigaba zokudla ezihlukene. Lunokuhambisana okuhle kakhulu nezinongo nezingxenye zezigaba zokudla ezihambelanayo, lungakwazi ukuzivumelanisa kahle nenqubo yokukhiqiza ethile yesigaba, futhi aludingi ukulungiswa kwenqubo yokuqala yokukhiqiza.
1. Ukudla Okukhethekile Okukwazi Ukubhakwa Okwenziwe nge-Silica
• Incazelo Yomkhiqizo: Ihambisana namazinga wezithako zokubhaka zase-EU nase-US, ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu ≤200℃, ukuhlakazeka okuhle kakhulu, usayizi wezinhlayiya omuhle ngaphandle komuzwa wesihlabathi, akuthinti ukuvubela, ukunambitheka nokunambitheka kokudla okubhakiwe, ubumhlophe ≥98%.
• Amapharamitha Eziyinhloko: Ububanzi besayizi wezinhlayiya 1-15μm, okuqukethwe yi-silica ≥98%, inani le-pH 6.5-7.5, inani elivamile lokwengeza 0.08%-0.6%, impilo yeshalofu izinyanga ezingama-24.
• Izimo Zokusetshenziswa: Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokucubungula ukudla okubhakiwe njengomlilo ophezulu, ingxube yokubhaka, impuphu yekhekhe, izithako zokudla kwekhekhe, nomlilo wesinkwa, kuxazulula izinkinga zokubambana kwezithako nokugeleza okubi ngaphandle kokuthinta ukuvubela kwenhlama nokunambitheka komkhiqizo ophelile.
2. Isinongo/Izinongo-Ezithile Zokudla-I-Silica Eqinisekisiwe
• Incazelo Yomkhiqizo: Ayinukisi, ayimunci iphunga izinongo, ayifihli ukunambitheka kwezinongo, ukumelana nosawoti okuhle kakhulu nokumelana nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, kufaneleka ezinongweni ezithosiwe nezomisiwe, ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokuvimbela umswakama nokuvimbela ukuminyana, ubuhlanzekile ≥98.5%.
• Amapharamitha Abalulekile: Ububanzi bokusayizi wezinhlayiya 2-30μm, okuqukethwe yi-silica ≥98.5%, inani le-pH 6.0-8.0, inani elivamile lokungezwa 0.1%-1.2%, isikhathi sokugcina 24 izinyanga.
• Izimo Zokusetshenziswa: Izinongo ezifana nosawoti, i-chicken essence, i-monosodium glutamate, kanye nomswenko womswenko wesoya; izinongo ezifana nomswenko wepelepele, umswenko we-chili, umswenko wekhumini, umswenko we-prickly ash, kanye nomswenko wezinongo ezinhlanu; imikhiqizo yezinongo ezihlanganisiwe efana nomswenko we-curry kanye nomswenko we-hot pot base, ixazulula izinkinga zokumunca umswakama, ukuminyana kanye nokunamathela odongeni lokugcwalisa, futhi igcina ngokuphelele ukunambitheka nombala wangempela womkhiqizo.
3. I-Silica Yokudla Eyenzelwe Izimphuzo Eziqinile
• Incazelo Yomkhiqizo: Ukuhlakazeka okuphezulu, akukho msindo, akuthinti ukunambitheka nombala weziphuzo ngemuva kokungezwa, kungakhuthaza ukuncibilika okusheshayo komlotha weziphuzo ngaphandle komsindo wokuhlala, ubumsulwa ≥97%, buvumelana namazinga omhlaba wonke weziphuzo ezingezwa.
• Amapharamitha Abalulekile: Usayizi wezinhlayiya ≈45μm (325 mesh), okuqukethwe yi-silica ≥97%, inani le-pH 6.0-8.0, inani elivamile lokungezwa 0.1%-1.5%, impilo yeshalofu izinyanga ezingama-24.
• Izimo Zokusetshenziswa: Izinhlobonhlobo zezimpuphu zeziphuzo ezifana nesimpuphu sejusi yezithelo, isimpuphu setiye esheshayo, isimpuphu samaprotheni, ikhofi eliqinile, nesimpuphu sezimpuphu zeziphuzo zemidlalo, kuxazulula izinkinga ezifana nokubambana, ukuxubana okungalingani, namaphutha amakhulu okugcwalisa.
4. I-Silica Yokudla Eyenzelwe Izingane
• Incazelo Yomkhiqizo: Ukuhlanzeka okuphezulu, izinto ezingenasidingo ezincane, akukho ukwakheka kwamatshe, ukuhlala kwensimbi esindayo kungaphansi kakhulu komkhawulo wamazwe omhlaba wokudla kwezingane, ububanzi bezinhlayiya ezinhle kakhulu ngaphandle komuzwa wosawoti nomuzwa wento yangaphandle, kuhambisana namazinga aqinile omhlaba wonke wokwengeza ukudla kwezingane, ukuhlanzeka ≥99.5%.
• Amaparamitha ayisisekelo: Ububanzi bobukhulu bezinhlayiya 2-15μm, okuqukethwe yi-silica ≥99.5%, isikhombisa sezinsimbi ezisindayo i-lead ≤0.03mg/kg, i-arsenic ≤0.3ppm, inani le-pH 6.5-7.0, inani elivamile lokwengeza 0.05%-0.8%, isikhathi sokugcina izinyanga ezingama-24.
• Izimo Zokusetshenziswa: Impushana yobisi lwengane, impushana yokudla eyengeziwe, izithako zokudla okunomsoco zengane, njll., kusiza izithako zokudla okunomsoco ukuthi zihlakazeke ngokulinganayo, kuvimbela umkhiqizo ukuthi ungabuni, ngaphandle kwanoma yikuphi ukungakhululeki kwezinzwa nezingozi zokuphepha.
5. Umkhiqizo Wezempilo/Ukudla Okunamaprotheni Aphezulu Okukhethekile Kwe-Silica Yokudla
• Incazelo Yomkhiqizo: Ukusakazeka okuphezulu nokusiza ukugeleza okuphezulu, akusabelani nezingxenye zokudla okunomsoco njengamaprotheni, amavithamini nama-probiotics, akubambezeli ukutholwa kwezingxenye zomkhiqizo, kungasiza izingxenye ezincane zokudla okunomsoco ukuthi zisakazeke ngokulinganayo, kugwenywe ukugxila ngokweqile endaweni ethile, ubunyana ≥99%.
• Amapharamitha Abalulekile: Ububanzi bokusabalala kwamaphakethe 2-20μm, okuqukethwe yi-silica ≥99%, inani le-pH 6.0-7.5, inani elivamile lokwengeza 0.1%-1.0%, isikhathi sokuphila 24 izinyanga.
• Izimo Zokusebenzisa: Impushana yamaprotheni, impushana yamavithamini, impushana yeprobiotiki, impushana yokubuyisela ukudla, impushana yemikhiqizo yezempilo ephezulu, njll., kuxazululwa izinkinga ezifana nokuhlanganiswa kwempushana, ukungahambi kahle, nokugcwalisa okunembayo okuphansi, ngaphandle kokuthinta ukusebenza kahle komkhiqizo.
Uchungechunge Lwe-Silica Oluhambisana Nokuthunyelwa Ngaphandle Lokudla
Le sehloko senziwe ngokukhethekile emakethe yokuthekelisa yomhlaba wonke, sihlanganisa ngokuphelele izindinganiso zokuhambisana nezimfuneko zokufinyelela zezimakethe ezihlosiwe, sisekela iziqu zokuthekelisa eziphelele, amadokhumenti okucoca amasiko kanye nezinsizakalo zokuhambisa, futhi singathekeliswa ngqo emazweni nezifunda ezingaphezu kuka-50 emhlabeni jikelele.
1. I-Silica Yokudla Eqinisekiswe Izindinganiso Zamazwe Ngamazwe
• Incazelo Yomkhiqizo: Kudlule ngokuphelele izitifiketi eziyisithupha eziphathimandla ezihlanganisa i-FDA (e-US), i-EU 10/2011 (e-EU), i-GB 25576-2020 (e-China), i-HALAL, i-KOSHER, kanye ne-JFCC (e-Japan), ingathekeliswa ngqo ezimakethe ezinkulu zomhlaba ngaphandle kokuhlolwa okwengeziwe kokuhambisana, ubumsulwa ≥98.5%.
• Amapharamitha Abalulekile: Ububanzi bobukhulu bezinhlayiya 5-200μm (buyenziwa ngendlela oyifisayo), okuqukethwe yi-silica ≥98.5%, inani le-pH 6.0-8.0, insimbi esindayo lead ≤0.05mg/kg, i-arsenic ≤0.5ppm, inani elivamile lokwengeza 0.1%-1.0%, impilo yeshalofu izinyanga ezingama-24.
• Izinsizakalo Zokusekela: Nikeza imibiko yokuhlola ngezilimi eziningi, imibhalo yesitifiketi kanye nezinto zokucacisa amasiko ngesiNgisi, isiJalimani, isiFulentshi, isiJapane, isi-Arabhu, njll., sekela ukwenza ngokwezifiso amalebula ezilimi eziningi nemikhawulo yokuthumela, elungele izidingo zokucacisa amasiko emazweni ahlukene.
2. I-Silica Yokudla Eyizinga Le-EU (EU 10/2011)
• Incazelo Yomkhiqizo: Ihambisana ngokuqinile ne-EU Regulation 10/2011 kanye nezidingo ze-EFSA, idlule izinga lezinto zokudla ze-EU EC 1935/2004, ayinawo amakhemikhali avinjelwe yi-EU, ilungele ukungena emakethe kuwo wonke amazwe angamalungu e-EU, ubunyana ≥98.5%.
• Amapharamitha Abalulekile: Ububanzi bezinhlayiya 2-300μm (buyenziwa ngokwezifiso), okuqukethwe yi-silica ≥98.5%, inani le-pH 6.0-8.0, insimbi esindayo lead ≤0.05mg/kg, i-arsenic ≤0.5ppm, i-mercury ≤0.01ppm, inani elivamile lokwengeza 0.1%-1.0%, impilo yeshalofu izinyanga ezingama-24.
• Izimo Zokusetshenziswa: Imikhiqizo yobisi, ukudla okubhakiwe, ukudla okungokungcebeleko, izinongo, izimpushana ezisekelwe ezitshalweni ezithunyelwa emakethe ye-EU, zivumelana nobuchwepheshe bokucubungula ukudla be-EU nezidingo zokuhambisana.
3. I-Silica Yokudla Eyizinga Lase-US (FDA/FCC/USP)
• Incazelo Yomkhiqizo: Ihambisana ne-US FDA 21 CFR 182.90, i-Food Chemicals Codex (FCC), namazinga e-US Pharmacopeia (USP), ilungele izidingo zokufinyelela zemakethe yemikhiqizo yokudla nempilo yase-US, ubunyana be-USP grade ≥99.5%, ubunyana be-FCC grade ≥99%.
• Amapharamitha Abalulekile:
￮ I-FCC Grade: Usayizi wezinhlayiya 2-250μm uyakwazi ukwenziwa ngendlela oyifisayo, okuqukethwe yi-silica ≥99%, inani le-pH 6.0-8.0, inani elivamile lokwengeza 0.1%-1.0%;
￮ I-USP Grade: Usayizi wezinhlayiya 2-250μm uyakwazi ukwenziwa ngendlela oyifisayo, okuqukethwe yi-silica ≥99.5%, insimbi esindayo lead ≤0.1mg/kg, i-arsenic ≤1ppm, inani elivamile lokwengeza 0.1%-1.0%.
• Izimo Zokusetshenziswa: Ukukhiqizwa kokudla, imikhiqizo yezempilo, kanye nezithako zokudla ezithunyelwa e-US, ezivumelana nezidingo eziqinile zokuhambisana kwezinto zokusetshenziswa zemakethe yase-US.
4. I-Silica Yokudla Eyizinga LaseJapane (JFCC)
• Incazelo Yomkhiqizo: Ihambisana namazinga okudla aseJapane i-JFCC kanye noMthetho WaseJapane Wasezindaweni Zokudla, ifakiwe ohlwini lwezithako zokudla zaseJapane, yathuthukiselwa izinqubo zokukhiqiza ukudla zaseJapane, ukuhlakazeka okuhle kakhulu, ayinawo amakhemikhali avinjelwe ekudleni kwaseJapane, ubuhlanzekile ≥99%.
• Amapharamitha Abalulekile: Ububanzi bokusayizi wezinhlayiya 5-200μm (ukwenza ngokwezifiso okunembayo kwesitayela saseJapane), okuqukethwe yi-silica ≥99%, inani le-pH 6.5-7.5, insimbi esindayo lead ≤0.03mg/kg, i-arsenic ≤0.3ppm, i-cadmium ≤0.01ppm, inani elivamile lokungeza 0.05%-0.8%, impilo yeshalofu izinyanga ezingama-24.
• Izimo Zokusetshenziswa: Ukukhiqizwa kwezinkampani zokudla zaseJapane eJapane naseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, zivumelana nezidingo zokucubungula ubisi oluyimpuphu oluyisitayela saseJapane, ubisi oluyimpuphu lwe-matcha, iziphuzo ezinoshukela ophansi, ukudla okubhakiwe, njll.
5. I-Silica Yokudla Eklanyelwe Ukuthunyelwa Kwama-LCL
• Incazelo Yomkhiqizo: Ithuthukiswe ngokukhethekile ngezidingo zokuthekelisa ezincane ze-LCL (Less than Container Load), ubuncane be-oda bungama-50kg, imibhalo yokupakisha nokusula amasiko yenziwa ngokwezifiso ngokuya ngamazinga okuthekelisa e-LCL, ihambisana namazinga omhlaba wonke wezithako zokudla ezijwayelekile, isekela isethi ephelele yemibhalo yokusula amasiko ye-LCL, yehlisa izindleko zokuthekelisa ezincane.
• Amapharamitha Abalulekile: Ububanzi bokusayizi wezinhlayiya 8-150μm, okuqukethwe yi-silica ≥98.5%, inani le-pH 6.0-7.5, inani elijwayelekile lokwengeza 0.2%-0.8%, isikhathi sokugcina sezinyanga ezingama-24.
• Izinsizakalo Zokweseka: Nikeza isethi ephelele yemibhalo yokucaciswa kwezimali ye-LCL efana ne-invoyisi yokuhweba, uhlu lokupakisha, umbiko wokuhlola umkhiqizo, kanye necebo lokuqala, xhuma ne-LCL logistics ezikhumulweni ezinkulu emhlabeni jikelele, futhi ungakwazi ukwenza ngezifiso uphawu lokuthumela lwezimpahla nezincwadi ezilimi eziningi.
VI. I-Silica Series Yokudla Ekhwalithi Ephezulu Engashintshwa
Le series ikhethekile ithuthukiswe ukuze ikwazi ukukhiqiza ukudla okuphezulu, ukushintsha izimpawu zomkhiqizo wamazwe omhlaba nezidingo zezinqubo ezikhethekile, iqinisekisa ukwenza ngezifiso okuphelele kwepharamitha efana nosayizi wezinhlayiya, ubuqotho, umswakama nokusebenza, futhi ukusebenza komkhiqizo kufinyelela ezingeni eliphezulu lamazwe omhlaba.
1. I-Silica Yokudla Ekhwalithi Ephezulu Enobuqotho Obuphezulu
• Incazelo yomkhiqizo: Ilungiswe ngenqubo yokuhlanzwa ngokumisa ezingeni le-molecular, ubumsulwa ≥99.8%, ukunemba okuphezulu kosayizi wezinhlayiya, ukusakazeka okuhle kakhulu, akukho phunga, akukho ukunambitheka, akukho khona izinsalela zamakhemikhali, ihambisana ngokuqinile namazinga aphezulu okudla e-FDA nase-EU, ilungele izimo zokukhiqiza ukudla okuphezulu.
• Amapharamitha Abalulekile: Ububanzi bosayizi wezinhlayiya 3-15μm (kungenziwa ngokwezifiso ngokunemba okuphezulu), okuqukethwe yi-silica ≥99.8%, inani le-pH 6.5-7.0, inani elivamile lokwengeza 0.05%-1.0%, impilo yeshalofu izinyanga ezingama-24.
• Izimo Zokusetshenziswa: Izimo eziphakeme njengokudla kwezingane, imikhiqizo yezempilo ephezulu, nokudla okuyimvelo, akukho zinsalela, akukho phunga, kusebenza ngokunemba imiphumela yokuvimbela ukubambana, ukusiza ukuhamba, nokusakazeka, kuthuthukisa izinga lomkhiqizo.
2. Ukushintshwa Komkhiqizo Womkhiqizo Wamazwe Ngamazwe Okuphakeme Kwezinga Lokudla
• Incazelo Yomkhiqizo: Yakhelwe ngokukhethekile ukubuyisela izinhlobo ezidumile zamazwe ngamazwe njenge-Evonik ne-Grace, yamukela inqubo efanayo yokukhiqiza namazinga ezinto ezibonakalayo njengezinhlobo zamazwe ngamazwe, ubumsulwa ≥99.5%, amapharamitha afaniswa ngokuphelele, angabuyiselwa ngaphandle kokushintsha inqubo yokukhiqiza, ngokusebenza kwezindleko okuphezulu.
• Amaparamitha Abalulekile: Ububanzi bosayizi wezinhlayiya 4-20μm (ukuqhathanisa usayizi wezinhlayiya womkhiqizo wamazwe omhlaba), okuqukethwe yi-silica ≥99.5%, inani le-pH 6.3-7.2, indinganiso yokuqaliswa ihambisana ngokuphelele nomkhiqizo wamazwe omhlaba oqathanisiwe, isikhathi sokulethwa izinsuku ezingu-5-8 (kuyatholakala ngokushesha).
• Izinzuzo Eziyinhloko: Akukho mehluko ekusebenzeni nemikhiqizo yamazwe omhlaba, intengo ephansi ngo-30%-50% kunemikhiqizo yamazwe omhlaba, yonke imikhiqizo ihlolwa iqhathaniswa nezibonelo zemikhiqizo yamazwe omhlaba ukuqinisekisa ukuhambisana, amasampula amahhala ayatholakala ukuze ahanjiswe.
3. I-Silica Engavamile Eqinisekisiwe Yokudla
• Incazelo Yomkhiqizo: Ilungiswe ngenqubo ethuthukisiwe ye-gas phase/precipitation, isakhiwo esingavamile esizinzile, akukho ukungcola okuyikristalu, ukusakazeka okuhle kakhulu, ukuphepha okuphezulu, okuhambisana nezidingo eziqinile zokudla okuphezulu emhlabeni jikelele ngendlela, ukuhlanzeka ≥98%-99%.
• Amaparamitha Abalulekile: Ububanzi bosayizi wezinhlayiya 2-50μm (bungenziwa ngendlela oyifisayo), okuqukethwe yi-silica ≥98%, akukho ukungcola okuyikristalu, inani le-pH 6.0-8.0, inani elivamile lokwengeza 0.1%-1.5%, impilo yeshalofu izinyanga ezingama-24.
• Izimo Zokusebenzisa: Ukudla okuphezulu eYurophu nase-United States, ukudla kwezingane, imikhiqizo yezempilo, ukudla okwe-organic nezinye izimo ezinokufunwa okuqinile ngesimo, akukho ingozi yezinto ezilimaza amakristalu, kusiza izakhamzimba ukuthi zihlakazeke ngokulinganayo.
4. I-Silica Yokudla Engenziwa Ngendlela Oyifisayo
Ubukhulu Bungenziwa Ngendlela Oyifisayo:
a. Ukuqukethwe Komswakama: Kungenziwa ngendlela oyifisayo phakathi kuka-0.5%-7.0%, iphutha ≤0.3%, elivumelana nezidingo zokucubungula nokugcina zokudla okuhlukahlukene;
b. Inkomba yobumhlophe: Ukwenza ngokwezifiso okumhlophe kakhulu ngobumhlophe obungu-≥98%, akukho ukubola noma ukubuna ngaphansi kokushisa okuphezulu/ukukhanya, kufanele kube ukudla okunezidingo eziphakeme kakhulu zombala;
c. Ipharamitha yokusebenza: Amandla okumunca, i-angle of repose, ububanzi bokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu, ukumelana ne-acid ne-alkali, njll., kungenziwa ngokwezifiso ngokuya ngezidingo, kuguqulelwa izinqubo ezikhethekile zokukhiqiza;
d. Imininingwane yokupakisha: Ukupakisha okuvamile okungu-5kg/10kg/20kg, ukupakisha okuncane okwenziwe ngokwezifiso okungu-1kg nokupakisha okukhulu kwamathani, izinto ezenziwe ngokwezifiso njengezikhwama zokuncelisa, izikhwama ze-aluminum foil, nezikhwama zamavalvu, kusekela izimpawu zezilimi eziningi nokuphrinta kwe-LOGO yenkampani.
Imibuzo Ejwayelekile Ejwayelekile
1. Ingabe umkhiqizo uzothinta ukunambitheka nokunambitheka kokudla?
Cha. Umkhiqizo awunuki futhi awunambitheki ngosayizi omuhle wezinhlayiya. Isamba sokwengeza silandela ngokuqinile amazinga omhlaba wonke emikhawulweni yezithako zokudla. Ungasakazeka ngokuphelele ekudleni ngaphandle komuzwa wesihlabathi noma umuzwa womzimba wangaphandle, futhi awushintshi ukunambitheka kwasekuqaleni, ukunambitheka nombala wokudla.
2. Ingabe isicelo samasampula amahhala siyasekelwa?
Yebo. Amasampula amahhala ayatholakala kuyo yonke imikhiqizo yochungechunge, kanye nemibiko yokuhlola ehambisanayo kanye nemibiko yokuqinisekisa. Amasampula enziwe ngokwezifiso angathengelwa imikhiqizo ethile eyenziwe ngokwezifiso.
3. Isikhathi sokulethwa sama-oda amaningi yisiphi?
Isikhathi sokulethwa kwemikhiqizo yesitoko ejwayelekile yizinsuku ezingu-3-10, kanti kwemikhiqizo eneziphumo/ezokupakisha eyenziwe ngokwezifiso yizinsuku ezingu-10-20. Ama-oda obambiswano esikhathi eside angasekelwa ekukhiqizeni, futhi isikhathi sokulethwa kwama-oda aphuthumayo singancishiswa ngokuxoxisana.
4. Imikhiqizo ihlangabezana nezidingo zokuhambisana nokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe emhlabeni wonke?
Uchungechunge lonke lwemikhiqizo ludlulise izitifiketi ezinkulu zamazwe omhlaba njenge-FDA, i-EU, i-HALAL, ne-KOSHER. Imibiko yokuhlolwa yokuhambisana kanye nemibhalo yokucacisa amasiko yemakethe okuhlosiwe inganikezwa, kusekelwa ukuthunyelwa emazweni nezifunda ezingaphezu kuka-50 emhlabeni jikelele.
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