Ukuhlaziywa Okujulile Kobuchwepheshe Be-Silika Dayoksaidi Njengesithasiselo Sokuvula: Izixazululo Ze-Silika Eziphelele Zokuvimbela Ukunamathelana ze-Evonik Zithuthukisa Ikhwalithi Nokusebenza Ngempumelelo Embonini Yomhlaba Wonke Yamafilimu

Kwadalwa ngo 11.03

Ukuhlaziywa Okujulile Kobuchwepheshe Be-Opening Agent Silica Dioxide: Izixazululo Ze-Silica Antiblocking Eziphelele Zakwa-Evonik Ziqhuba Ikhwalithi Nokusebenza Kahle Embonini Yamafilimu Yomhlaba Wonke

    
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Ngokusekelwe ku-TI 1206 Technical Guide: Ukuhlaziywa Okuphelele Kwezindlela Zokusebenza, Iphothifoliyo Yomkhiqizo, Izinhlelo Zokusebenza Zokucubungula kanye Nokuhambisana Komhlaba Wonke Kwe-Synthetic Silica Opening Agents

Ngaphansi kwesimo somkhakathi wemboni yefilimu yepulasitiki yomhlaba wonke ekhuphukela ekucaceni okuphezulu, ekusebenzeni kahle nasekuphepheni kokudla, ukuvinjelwa kwefilimu phakathi kwezendlalelo kuseyinkinga eyinhloko yemboni evimbela ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kanye nekhwalithi yomkhiqizo ophelile. Njengesithako esiyisisekelo esisebenzayo sokuxazulula le nselele, i-silica dioxide yokuvula isendlalelo isithathe indawo yamatshe okugcina endabuko kanye nama-ejenti okuvula asuselwa ku-amide yemvelo ngokushintshana, futhi isiphenduke impahla eluhlaza ejwayelekile yokukhiqiza ifilimu yezinga eliphezulu, ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo okuphezulu kokuvimbela ukunamathela, ukuhambisana okuhle kwezokukhanya nokusebenza okuthembekile kokuphepha.

Muva nje, i-Evonik, umholi womhlaba wonke kumakhemikhali akhethekile, ikhiphe iphepha layo lobuchwepheshe elithi Silica as Antiblocking Agent in Plastic Films (TI 1206). Njengomkhiqizi womhlaba wonke kuphela onamandla okukhiqiza ngobuningi kuyo yomibili imikhiqizo ye-silica evimbela ukunamathela eyehlisiwe neyomoya, i-Evonik yethula ngendlela ehlelekile umgomo wokusebenza wezinto ezivula i-silica, izindinganiso zokuhlola ukusebenza, izicaciso zemikhiqizo egcwele kanye nezixazululo zokusetshenziswa ezisekelwe ezimweni, inikeza ireferensi ephelele yobuchwepheshe kanye nokuqondisa kokukhetha imikhiqizo embonini yomhlaba wonke yokukhiqiza amafilimu.

1. Izinkinga Zokuvinjwa Kwamafilimu Ziqhuba Ukuthuthukiswa Kwezinto, I-Opening Agent Silica Dioxide Ivela Njengesixazululo Esingcono Kakhulu Embonini

Ukuvinjelwa kwefilimu kubhekisela ekunamatheleni phakathi kwezingqimba ezimbili zefilimu eziseduze ngesikhathi sokugoqa nokugcina, okubangelwa amandla amakhulu e-van der Waals kanye nokushajwa kwe-electrostatic. Izinga lokushisa eliphezulu nengcindezi ngesikhathi sokucubungula nokugcina kuqhubeka kuqinisa amandla okuvinjelwa. Le nkinga iholela ngqo ekugqeni kwefilimu okungahambi kahle, ukuncipha kwempumelelo yokusika, kanye namazinga aphezulu okulahleka ezinkambisweni zokwenza izikhwama nokuphrinta ezingezansi; ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, kungabangela ukuthi wonke amaroli efilimu alahlwe, okwenza kube ubunzima obuyisisekelo bokulawula ukulahleka ezinkampanini zokukhiqiza ifilimu.

Phakathi kwezixazululo zendabuko, ama-ejenti wokuvula amaminerali emvelo njenge-talc ne-diatomaceous earth anezinkinga ezihlanganisa ukusatshalaliswa kobukhulu bezinhlayiyana okubanzi, ukungacaci kahle nokuguga kwemishini. Ama-amide slip agents e-organic anezingcuphe zokufuduka nokukhishwa, okuthinta kalula ukunamathela kokuphrinta kwefilimu nokusebenza kokuvala ngokushisa, futhi kudala izingozi zokuphepha ezimweni zokuxhumana nokudla nemithi.

Uma kuqhathaniswa, i-agent silica dioxide evulayo (i-synthetic silica opening agent) ifinyelela imiphumela yokuvimbela ukunamathela ngendlela yomshini wokuhlukanisa okuncane okubonakalayo, izinzuzo zayo eziyisisekelo zihlanganisa ukuhlanzeka okuphezulu, usayizi wezinhlayiyana olawulekayo, umthelela omncane wokukhanya kanye nengozi yokungahambi, okwenza kube yisixazululo sokuvimbela ukunamathela esisetshenziswa kakhulu emkhakheni wamafilimu asezingeni eliphezulu namuhla. Umgomo wayo oyisisekelo wokusebenza umi kanje: izinhlayiyana ze-silica ezingana ngemitha zihlakazwa ngokulinganayo ku-polymer matrix; ngemva kokukhishwa kube yifilimu, izinhlayiyana zakha ama-micro-protrusions alinganayo ebusweni befilibu, zisebenza njengezihlukanisi ezingokwenyama ukunciphisa kakhulu indawo yokuthintana esebenzayo phakathi kwezendlalelo zefilimu futhi kwenza buthaka amandla e-van der Waals kanye nemiphumela yokumuncwa kwe-vacuum kusukela ezimpandeni. Ngasikhathi sinye, kunciphisa i-coefficient yokungqubuzana phakathi kwezendlalelo zefilimu, kuqinisekisa ukugijima okushelelayo, ukusika kanye nokucubungula kwangemuva, futhi akubangeli umthelela omubi obonakalayo ekubonakaleni kwefilimu, ukucwebezela kanye nezakhiwo zomshini.

Indlela yokuvula i-agent silica dioxide micro-protrusion enciphisa ukuvinjwa kwesendlalelo sefilimu nokungqubuzana

2. Kusuka ku-Mechanism kuya ku-Quantification: Ukwakha Uhlelo Olujwayelekile Lokuhlola Ukusebenza Kwe-Antiblocking

Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwesayensi kuyisisekelo esiyinhloko sokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kwe-ejenti yokuvula. Njengamanje, izindlela ezimbili zokuhlola zisetshenziswa kakhulu embonini ukulinganisa ukusebenza kokuvimbela ukunamathela kwe-silicon dioxide ye-ejenti yokuvula kusuka emikhakheni ehlukene, kwakha uhlelo oluphelele lokuhlola lwezinga lezimboni.

2.1 Ukuhlolwa Kwe-Coefficient of Friction (COF): Indlela Eyinhloko Yokuhlola Yemboni

Ukuhlolwa kwe-Coefficient of Friction (COF) kuyindlela ejwayelekile yokuhlola ukusebenza kwe-antiblocking embonini yamafilimu yomhlaba wonke, enokusebenza okulula nokuphindeka okuhle, futhi ingahlukanisa ngokunembile umehluko wokusebenza phakathi kwama-ejenti wokuvula ahlukene.

Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, izingcezu ezimbili zefilimu ziyacindezelwa ndawonye ngaphansi kwesisindo esichaziwe, esinye isicucu sibe sesihudulwa ngesivinini esingaguquki endaweni evundlile, futhi ukumelana nokukhuhlana ngesikhathi sokuhudulwa kuyarekhodwa. Isilinganiso sokumelana nokukhuhlana nesisindo sokucindezela siyisilinganiso sokukhuhlana. Lesi sikhombisi sibonisa ngqo ukushelela kokugoqa ngesikhathi sokukhiqizwa kwefilimu kanye nokusebenza kahle ekucubunguleni okulandelayo — isilinganiso sokukhuhlana esimile sihambisana nokumelana kokuqala, futhi isilinganiso sokukhuhlana esinyakazayo sihambisana nokumelana kokuhudula okuqhubekayo; uma inani lincane, kuba ngcono ukusebenza kokuvimbela ukunamathela nokushelela.

2.2 Ukuhlolwa Kwamandla Okuvimba: Ukulingisa Izimo Zangempela Zokugcina

Ukuhlolwa kwamandla okuvimba kuseduze kakhulu nesimo sangempela sokugcinwa kwamafilimu: amasampula aqale alungiswe ngokucindezelwa ndawonye isikhathi esimisiwe ngaphansi kwezinga lokushisa nomfutho ocacisiwe, bese kukalwa amandla aphezulu adingekayo ukuhlukanisa izingqimba ezimbili zefilimu ngokudonsa okuqondile. Le ndlela ingalingisa ngokuqondile izingozi zokuvimba zesikhathi eside ezindaweni zokugcina ezishisayo, kodwa ngenxa yezinqubo zokuhlola eziyinkimbinkimbi nokuphindeka okubuthakathaka kwemiphumela, ngokuvamile isetshenziswa njengendlela yokuqinisekisa eyengeziwe ekuhlolweni kwe-coefficient yokungqubuzana.

3. Iphothifoliyo Ephelele Yomkhiqizo: Uchungechunge Olune Oluhlanganisa Zonke Izimo Zokusetshenziswa Kwefilimu

I-Evonik iyona kuphela umkhiqizi womhlaba wonke ohlinzeka ngama-opening agents e-silica e-precipitated ne-fumed, enemigqa emine yemikhiqizo: i-SIPERNAT®, i-SPHERILEX®, i-AEROSIL® ne-AERODISP®, ehlanganisa zonke izimo zokusetshenziswa kusukela kumafilimu ajwayelekile okupakisha kuya kumafilimu aphezulu e-optical, futhi ihlinzeka ngezixazululo ze-silica dioxide zama-opening agents ezihambisana ngokunembile zamafilimu ezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-substrate nogqinsi.

3.1 I-SPHERILEX® Spherical Precipitated Silica: Ukulinganisela Okuhle Kakhulu Kokucaca Okuphezulu Nokusebenza Okuphezulu Kwe-Antiblocking

Uchungechunge lwe-SPHERILEX® lumele inqubo entsha yokukhiqiza yakwa-Evonik, enezinhlayiya eziyindilinga cishe ngokuphelele kanye nokusatshalaliswa kobukhulu benhlayiya okuncane kakhulu, kanye nokuminyana okuphezulu kanye nezakhiwo zokumunca uwoyela ophansi. Kuyisibonelo somkhiqizo we-silica dioxide wokuvula emkhakheni wamafilimu acwebile aphezulu.

Lolu chungechunge luhlanganisa amazinga amabili ayinhloko:

SPHERILEX® 30 AB
SPHERILEX® 60 AB

Ngokuzuza endaweni yayo ephansi yobuso obuthile kanye nesakhiwo sokumuncwa kukawoyela okuphansi, uchungechunge lwe-SPHERILEX® lunokuncipha okukhulu ekumunceni ama-agent okushelela e-amide. Uma kusetshenziswa ngokuhlanganyela, kuqinisekisa ukukhishwa okusebenzayo kwama-agent okushelela futhi kufeze ukusebenzisana kwe-"antiblocking + slip" okusebenzayo. Idatha yokuhlola yangempela ikhombisa ukuthi ku-25 μm PE blown film ene-agent yokushelela eyengeziwe, imikhiqizo ye-SPHERILEX® iletha ukulingana okuphawulekayo okungcono kwe-haze kanye ne-coefficient yokungqubuzana kunezincintisana ezijwayelekile ze-precipitated silica ne-silica gel.

I-SPHERILEX spherical precipitated silica opening agent enikeza ukucaca okuphezulu kwefilimu nokusebenza kahle kokuvimbela ukunamathela

3.2 Imikhiqizo ye-SIPERNAT® Esuselwe ku-Silica Evundisiwe: Ukuzivumelanisa Okuhleliwe Kwezimo Zefilimu Egcwele

Uchungechunge lwe-SIPERNAT® luwumugqa womkhiqizo we-silica dioxide wokuvula osetshenziswe isikhathi eside kakhulu futhi ofakazelwe kakhulu emakethe yi-Evonik, ohlanganisa izidingo ezahlukahlukene kusukela kumafilimu acaca kakhulu kuya kumafilimu ezimboni aphakathi nendawo, onesisekelo esivuthiwe sokusetshenziswa kanye nokusebenza kahle kwezindleko.

SIPERNAT® 44 MS
SIPERNAT® 310
SIPERNAT® 500 LS

I-Evonik inikeza isiqondiso esicacile sokukhetha umkhiqizo wezinhlelo ezahlukene ze-polymer nezinhlobo zamafilimu: amafilimu e-PE acwebezelayo kakhulu abeka phambili i-SPHERILEX® 30 AB ne-SIPERNAT® 44 MS; amafilimu e-PE ajwayelekile ahambisana ne-SPHERILEX® 60 AB ne-SIPERNAT® 310; amafilimu aqondiswe kabili njenge-BOPP ne-BOPET ancoma i-SPHERILEX® 30 AB; amafilimu e-PET ne-PA ahambisana nochunge lwephelele lwe-SPHERILEX®; amafilimu e-PVC e-calendered angasebenzisa i-SPHERILEX® 60 AB ne-SIPERNAT® 310/500 LS.

3.3 I-AEROSIL® Fumed Silica & AERODISP® Dispersions: Izinga Eliphezulu Lokusebenza Kwezimo Eziphezulu Kakhulu

Ezimweni ezinezidingo ezedlulele zokucaca nokuhlanzeka, njengamafilimu asezingeni lezinto zokubona, amafilimu asezingeni le-elekthronikhi namafilimu amancane kakhulu ane-biaxial oriented, i-Evonik inikeza uchungechunge lwe-AEROSIL® fumed silica lwemikhiqizo ye-silicon dioxide yokuvula.

Izinhlayiya ze-fumed silica zingafinyelela izinga le-submicron; lapho zihlakazekile ngokulinganayo, umthelela wazo ekucaceni kwefilimu uyancipha, futhi zinezinga eliphezulu kakhulu lokuhlanzeka kwamakhemikhali. Imikhiqizo emelela i-AEROSIL® OX 50 ne-AEROSIL® TT 600 isetshenziswa kabanzi ezingxenyeni zangaphandle ezincane kakhulu zamafilimu e-BOPET ne-BOPA angamamicron ambalwa ubukhulu, kutholakala umphumela wokuvimbela ukunamathela ngaphandle komthelela ekudlulisweni kokukhanya kwefilimu, okubenza babe yizinto zokusetshenziswa ezikhethwayo zamafilimu okukhanya kanye namafilimu okupakisha kagesi asezingeni eliphezulu.

Ezinqubweni zokwengeza ze-PET polycondensation kanye nezidingo ze-antiblocking zohlobo lokumboza, i-Evonik iphinda yethule uchungechunge lwe-AERODISP® lwezihlakazamisi ze-silica (njenge-AERODISP® G 1220 ne-VP Disp. G 6020 X), ezihlakaza kusengaphambili i-fumed silica ku-carrier ye-ethylene glycol. Amakhasimende angazengeza ngqo ohlelweni lwe-polymerization noma alungise izixazululo zokumboza, egwema ubunzima benqubo yokuhlakaza impushana futhi eqinisekisa ukufana kokuhlakazwa okuphelele.

4. Ukusebenzisana Kwefomula Nokuhlakazwa Kokucubungula: Izici Ezibalulekile Ezivula Ukusebenza Okuphelele Kwe-ejenti Yokuvula

Umphumela wokusetshenziswa okungokoqobo wokuvula i-agent silica dioxide awuncikile kuphela kumapharamitha omkhiqizo wangokwenyama, kodwa futhi uncike ekuhambisaneni kokwakheka kanye nobuchwepheshe bokusabalalisa ekucubunguleni — okuyisizathu esiyinhloko sokungasebenzi kahle ezinkampanini eziningi zamafilimu.

4.1 Inhlanganisela Esebenzisanayo Nezinye Izithasiselo Zefilimu

Ekukhiqizweni kwamafilimu okungokoqobo, ama-agent okuvula ngokuvamile asetshenziswa ngokuhlanganyela nama-agent okushelela, izinzuzo zokucubungula, izithako zokumunca i-UV kanye nezinye izithasiselo. Phakathi kwazo, ama-agent okushelela e-amide adinga ukufudukela ebusweni befilimu ukuze asebenze. Uma i-agent yokuvula inendawo ephezulu kakhulu yendawo engaphezulu kanye nenani eliphezulu lokumunca uwoyela, izomunca inani elikhulu le-agent yokushelela, okuholela ekwehleni komphumela wokushelela kanye nokwenyuka kwezindleko zokwakheka.

I-SPHERILEX® series ne-SIPERNAT® 44 MS yakwa-Evonik zisebenzisa ukwakheka kwesakhiwo okunendawo ephansi eqondile yokuxhumana nokumuncwa okuphansi kwamafutha, kanye nokuncipha okukhulu kakhulu ekukhangeni kuma-slip agents. Zingakwazi ukufeza ukusebenzisana okuhle kwe- "antiblocking + slip", zilethe i-coefficient ephansi yokungqubuzana ngesilinganiso esifanayo se-slip agent, futhi zigweme izinkinga zokuphrinta nokushisela ngokushisa ezibangelwa ukukhishwa ngokweqile kwe-slip agent.

4.2 Amaphuzu Ayinhloko Obuchwepheshe Ekusabiseni I-Dispersion

Ukulingana kokusatshalaliswa kwezinhlayiyana ze-silica iyisici esiyinhloko esinquma ikhwalithi yefilimu yokugcina: ukusatshalaliswa okunganele kungaholela ekulimaleni kwefilimu njengamachashaza namehlo ezinhlanzi, futhi kungavala izihlungi zokukhiqiza, kwandise izindleko zokulungisa imishini namazinga okulahleka.

Umhlahlandlela wezobuchwepheshe we-Evonik uthi ngokucacile ukuthi i-silica dioxide yokuvula idinga ukusatsazwa ngokulinganayo ngemishini yokucubungula ene-high-shear, futhi kunconywa ama-twin-screw extruder, ama-Banbury kneader nezinye izinhlelo zokuxuba ze-high-shear. Ngasikhathi sinye, izakhiwo zomzimba zomkhiqizo ngokwawo ziphinde zibe nomthelela ngqo emiphumeleni yokusatsazwa: izinhlayiya ezinesilinganiso esiphansi noma esimaphakathi sendawo engaphezulu kanye nokumuncwa kukawoyela zilula ukumanziswa yi-polymer melt, futhi ziba nobunzima obuphansi bokusatsazwa; imikhiqizo enokuminyana okuphezulu kobuningi ifaneleka kakhulu ukukhiqizwa kwe-masterbatch yokugxila okuphezulu, okuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza futhi kunciphise ukungcoliswa kothuli.

Yakhiwe ngokusekelwe kumqondo ongenhla, uchungechunge lwe-SPHERILEX® ne-SIPERNAT® 44 MS zinezici zokusabalalisa ezinhle kakhulu kanye nomthamo ophezulu wokulayisha i-masterbatch, okusiza amakhasimende ukuthi enze lula izinqubo zokukhiqiza futhi ehlise izindleko eziphelele.

Ukuhlakazwa kwe-high-shear twin-screw extrusion ye-silica opening agent masterbatch ekukhiqizweni kwefilimu

5. Ukumbozwa Okuphelele Kwezinhlelo Zokuhambisana Nomthetho Womhlaba Wonke, Ukuzivumelanisa Nezidingo Zokufinyelela Ezimakethe Zezifunda Eziningi

Ukuphepha kokuxhumana nokudla kuyisilinganiso esiyisisekelo sokufinyelela kumafilimu okupakisha, futhi futhi kungenye yezinto eziyisisekelo zokuncintisana zemikhiqizo ye-silica dioxide yokuvula. Yonke imikhiqizo ye-Evonik silica antiblocking isidlule izitifiketi zezinto zokuxhumana nokudla ezimakethe ezinkulu zomhlaba, ihlangabezana nezidingo zokuhlelwa komhlaba wonke kwamakhasimende:

IYurophu, iMpumalanga Ephakathi ne-Afrika
Amazwe AseMelika
I-Asia-Pacific

Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhlu oluphelele lwemikhiqizo lufakwe imibhalo ephelele Yolwazi Lokuphepha Komkhiqizo (PSI), enganikeza amakhasimende imibhalo esekelayo yokuhambisana ngokuphelele futhi isize amakhasimende ukuqedela ngokushesha ukubuyekezwa kokufinyelela emakethe.

Isiphetho

Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kwemikhakha yokupakisha ukudla emhlabeni wonke, ukupakisha imithi, amafilimu e-optical electronic nokunye, izidingo zokusebenza kwemakethe ze-silica dioxide ye-ejenti yokuvula zihlala zithuthuka zibheke ekucaceni okuphezulu, ukuhlanzeka okuphezulu, ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu kanye nokulahlekelwa okuphansi. Ngokuqongelela kweminyaka eminingi yobuchwepheshe kanye nokuhlelwa komkhiqizo ogcwele, i-Evonik ayigcini nje ngokuhlinzeka ngemikhiqizo ejwayelekile ethembekile futhi evuthiwe yemboni, kodwa futhi ihlinzeka ngamakhambi okwakheka kanye nezixazululo zenqubo kubakhasimende ngokuthembela eqenjini layo lobuchwepheshe bokusetshenziswa emhlabeni wonke.

Ukukhishwa komhlahlandlela wezobuchwepheshe we-TI 1206 kuqhubeka kuthuthukisa uhlelo lwethiyori yezobuchwepheshe kanye namazinga okukhetha okusetshenziswa kwezinto ezivula i-silica, futhi kuzokhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa okuhlelekile kobuchwepheshe bokuvimbela ukunamathela embonini yamafilimu yomhlaba wonke. Uma sibheka phambili, ngokuthuthuka kwemikhakha esafufusa efana namafilimu e-biodegradable namafilimu asebenzayo, i-Evonik izoqhubeka nokuthuthukisa ubuchwepheshe be-silica dioxide yezinto ezivula ukuze inikeze izixazululo zezinto eziphathekayo ezisebenza kahle kakhulu, eziphephile futhi ezisimeme kakhulu embonini yomhlaba wonke yokucubungula izingcwecwe.

Izindaba nolwazi olukhishwe yiZhonglian Chemical kunikezwa ngenjongo yokwazisa kuphela futhi kuhloselwe ukusetshenziswa njengereferensi nokuxhumana phakathi kochwepheshe bezimboni. Akuginisekisi ukunemba nokuphelela kwalolo lwazi. Akufanele usebenzise lolu lwazi ukuthatha isikhundla sokwahlulela kwakho okuzimele; ngakho-ke, uzothwala izingozi ezivela ekusetshenzisweni kwalo lwazi, futhi iZhonglian Chemical ngeke ibe nesibopho. Uma kukhona ukwephulwa komthetho, sicela uxhumane nathi ukuze kususwe.

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