Izithako zokudla zidlala indima ebalulekile ekukhiqizweni kokudla kwesimanje, zithuthukisa ukubukeka, ukuthungwa, ukunambitheka, nokuphila kwemikhiqizo ehlukahlukene. Lezi zithako, ezihlanganisa izilondolozi, imibala, iziqinisi, nama-anti-caking agents, ziqinisekisa ukuphepha kwezokudla kanye nekhwalithi kubathengi emhlabeni wonke. Ukuqonda izithako zokudla kubalulekile kubakhiqizi nabathengi ukuze benze izinqumo ezinolwazi mayelana nemikhiqizo yokudla. Phakathi kwezithako lezi, i-E551, eyaziwa njenge-silicon dioxide, isetshenziswa kabanzi futhi iyaziswa ngezici zayo ezihlukile.

Ukusebenzisa i-silicon dioxide emikhiqizweni yokudla kusiza ukuvimbela ukuminyana nokugcina ukuhamba kwezimpawu, okwenza kube yinto ebalulekile ezinhlanganisweni ezomile njengezinongo, izimpushana zokubhaka, kanye neziphuzo eziyimpuphu. Ukusetshenziswa kabanzi kwezithako zokudla njenge-E551 kugcizelela ukubaluleka kokugadwa okubalulekile nokuhlolwa kwezokuphepha ukuvikela impilo yomphakathi.

Abathengi bafuna kakhulu ukuba kube sobala futhi kube nezimvume zokuphepha mayelana nezithako zokudla, okubangela abakhiqizi ukuthi bahambisane nezindinganiso eziqinile zekhwalithi nokuphepha. Lesi sihloko sihlupha indima, imithetho, nokuphepha kwe-E551 ukuhlinzeka ngemininingwane ephelele ngalesi sithako sokudla esivamile.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuncika kwemboni yokudla ezithakweni ezifana ne-E551 kubonisa ukuqhubeka kobuchwepheshe bokudla obuhlose ukuthuthukisa ukungaguquguquki komkhiqizo kanye nesipiliyoni somthengi. Njengoba kunjalo, i-silicon dioxide ihlala iyisithako esibalulekile esinzuzo yayo isekelwa ukuhlolwa kwesayensi kanye nokuhambisana nemithetho.

Ngokufingqa, ukuqonda izithako zokudla, ikakhulukazi i-E551, kubalulekile ukwazisa isibalo sabo ekuthuthukiseni ikhwalithi nokuphepha kokudla ezindaweni zokudla ezinkimbinkimbi zanamuhla.

Izinombolo ze-E yizikhodi ezabelwe izithako zokudla ezamukelwe ukusetshenziswa ngaphakathi kwe-European Union (EU). Lezi zinombolo zenze izinhlu zezithako zibe lula futhi ziqinisekise ukuthi abathengi bangakwazi ukubona izithako ezisetshenziswa emikhiqizweni yokudla kalula. Uhlelo lwezinombolo ze-E lwamukelwa emhlabeni wonke, lunikeza ukuhlonza okujwayelekile kwezithako ezifana nezilondolozi, imibala, kanye nama-anti-caking agents.

Inombolo ngayinye ye-E ihambelana nesengezo esithile esihlolwe ngokuphepha futhi samukelwe yiziphathimandla ezilawulayo, njenge-European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). Ngokwesibonelo, i-E551 ibhekisela ku-silicon dioxide, isengezo esisetshenziswa kabanzi ukunqanda ukuminyana.

Lolu hlelo lokulebula luthuthukisa ukwethembana kwabathengi ngokukhuthaza ukucaca futhi kuvumela abantu ukuthi bagweme izengezo ezithile uma benokungezwani komzimba noma imikhawulo yokudla. Futhi lusiza abakhiqizi ukuthi bahambisane nezimfuneko zomthetho zokulebula emazweni ahlukene.

Ukusetshenziswa kwezinombolo ze-E kulo lonke i-EU kuthuthukisa ukuhweba nokuhambisana kwezimiso, kuqinisekisa ukuthi izengezo zokudla zihlangabezana namazinga okuphepha ngokufanayo. Lolu hlelo futhi lusekela imizamo yempilo yomphakathi ngokuhlinzeka ngolwazi olucacile mayelana nokwakheka kokudla.

Ngakho-ke, uhlelo lokulebula ngezinombolo ze-E luyithuluzi elibalulekile embonini yokudla, elilinganisa ukulawulwa kwezimiso nokwazi kwabathengi kanye nokukhetha.

Ukusetshenziswa kwezithako zokudla e-EU kulawulwa uhlaka oluqinile lwezomthetho olwenzelwe ukuvikela impilo yabathengi nokuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwezithako. Umthetho oyinhloko yiRegulation (EC) No 1333/2008 mayelana nezithako zokudla, ezibeka izimo zokusetshenziswa kwazo, ukulebula, nokugunyazwa.

Ngaphambi kokuthi isithako njenge-E551 sigunyazwe, kufanele sihlangabezane nezivivinyo eziqinile zokuphepha eziqhutshwa yi-EFSA. Lezi zivivinyo zihlaziya idatha ye-toxicological, amazinga okuchayeka angaba khona, nemiphumela yezempilo engaba khona ukuze kuncishiswe ukudla okwamukelekayo nsuku zonke (ADI).

Izincomo zesayensi ze-EFSA ziqondisa iKhomishini YaseYurophu ekugunyazeni izithako nokubeka amazinga aphezulu okusetshenziswa ezigabeni ezahlukahlukene zokudla. Lo mkhuba uhlanganisa ukubonisana nomphakathi okucacile nokuphinda kuhlaziywe njalo njengoba idatha entsha yesayensi ivela.

Uhlelo lomthetho luphinde luyale abakhiqizi ukuthi bahambisane neziqondiso ezinhle zokukhiqiza (GMP) futhi bagcine ukulandelelwa kwezithako ezisetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni ukudla. Izidingo zamalebula ziqinisekisa ukuthi abathengi banikezwa ulwazi olwanele mayelana nezithako ezikhona emikhiqizweni yokudla.

Sekukonke, uhlelo lomthetho lwe-EU lwezithako zokudla lubonisa indlela yokucophelela esekelwe kusayensi, ehambisana nokusha ekucubunguleni ukudla ngezinyathelo eziqinile zokuphepha kwabathengi.

I-Silicon dioxide, ehlukaniswa njenge-E551 ohlelweni lwezinombolo ze-E, iyiminerali eyenzeka ngokwemvelo etholakala ku-quartz nesihlabathi. Embonini yokudla, isetshenziswa ikakhulukazi njenge-anti-caking agent ukuvimbela ukuminyana nokugcina imvelo yokugeleza kwamahhala kwemikhiqizo eyimpuphu neyegranulated.

I-E551 ivame ukwengezwa ekudleni okuyimpuphu njengezinongo, usawoti, iziphuzo ezisheshayo, kanye nezimpushana zokubhaka. Amandla ayo okumunca umswakama ngaphandle kokuphendula ngokwemvelo nezinto zokudla kwenza kube ngempumelelo kakhulu futhi kuphephe kulezi zicelo.

I-additive nayo isetshenziswa embonini yemithi njenge-glidant ekwenzeni amaphilisi. Izakhiwo zayo zomzimba zenza ngcono ukusebenza kokucubungula nokuqina komkhiqizo.

Abakhiqizi bayayithanda i-E551 ngenxa yokungathathi hlangothi kwayo, ukuhlanzeka kwayo okuphezulu, nokuhambisana namazinga aphezulu ekhwalithi. I-silicon dioxide esetshenziswa ezintweni zokudla ihlangabezana nemithetho eqinile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ayinazo izinto ezingcolisa umzimba futhi iphephile ukudliwa.

Ngakho-ke, indima ye-E551 enezinhlangothi eziningi ekuthuthukiseni ikhwalithi yemikhiqizo yokudla igcizelela ukubaluleka kwayo enqubeni yokukhiqiza nokusebenza komkhiqizo wokugcina.

I-EFSA idlala indima enkulu ekuhloliseni ukuphepha kwezithako zokudla, okubandakanya i-E551 silicon dioxide. Izifundo eziningi ze-toxicological zihlole imiphumela yayo, zibonisa ukuthi ayikho imiphumela emibi empilweni ezingeni lokusetshenziswa elivunyiwe.

I-EFSA Panel on Food Additives and Flavourings ihlole i-silicon dioxide futhi yaqinisekisa ukuthi ayinazo izinkinga zokuphepha uma isetshenziswa ngokwemihlahlandlela esungulwe. Ukungakwazi ukumuncwa kalula kanye nemvelo yayo engathinti i-additive kuyasiza kuphrofayela yayo yokuphepha.

Ukuhlolwa kwezokuphepha kucubungula nokuqukethwe okungenzeka kwamaphakethe amancane ngaphakathi kwezithako ze-silicon dioxide, kuqinisekisa ukuthi noma yimaphi ama-nanomaterials enziwe ahlangabezana nemibandela ethile yokuphepha ngaphambi kokugunyazwa.

Ukuthobela imithetho kanye nokuqapha okuqhubekayo kuqinisekisa ukuthi i-E551 ihlala iphephile kuyo yonke impilo yayo ezicelo zokudla. Lokhu kuhlolwa okuqinile kwezokuphepha kuqinisekisa abathengi nabakhiqizi mayelana nokwethembeka kwe-additive.

Ngokwesiphetho, isivumelwano sesayensi esisekelwa yi-EFSA siqinisekisa ukuthi i-E551 iyisithako sokudla esiphephile nesisebenzayo ngaphansi kwemithetho yamanje.

Ama-nanoparticle yizinhlayiya ezincane kakhulu ezinezilinganiso ezincane kune-100 nanometer. Izimfanelo zazo ezihlukile zomzimba namakhemikhali ziye zavusa isithakazelo ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene, okubandakanya ubuchwepheshe bokudla. Ezinye izithako zokudla zingase zibe namafomu e-nanoparticulate ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza.

Ngokubhekiswe ku-silicon dioxide (E551), izinvestigasyon zakamuva ziye zahlolela ukuthi ngabe okuqukethwe yi-nanoparticle kuthinta ukuphepha noma ukusebenza. Izinhlangano ezilawulayo zidinga ukuchazwa ngokucophelela kokuba khona kwe-nanoparticle nokuhlolwa kwe-toxicological ngaphambi kokugunyazwa.

Isiqondiso se-EFSA ngama-nanomaterials ezithakweni zokudla siqinisekisa ukuthi noma yimaphi ama-nanoparticle akhona awabeki izingozi zezempilo futhi agcina amazinga okuphepha komkhiqizo. Abakhiqizi kufanele bahlinzeke ngemininingwane eningiliziwe ngokusabalala kosayizi wezinhlayiya kanye nezingozi ezingenzeka zokuchayeka.

Ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe be-nanotechnology ezithasiselweni zokudla kunikeza amathuba ajabulisayo kodwa futhi kudinga ukugadwa okuqinile ukuvikela impilo yabathengi. Ukuhlolwa kwezokuphepha kwe-E551 kufaka phakathi lezi zici, kuqinisa ukwethembana ekusetshenzisweni kwayo.

Sekukonke, ukuqonda indima yama-nanoparticles ezithasiselweni zokudla njenge-E551 kubalulekile ekuthuthukiseni isayensi yokuphepha kokudla kanye nezinhlaka zokulawula.

I-Silicon dioxide (E551) iyisithasiselo sokudla esivelele esinezicelo eziningi embonini yokudla nemithi. Izakhiwo zayo zokuvimbela ukubambana zithuthukisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo nokusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza, okufaka isandla ekwanelisekeni kwabathengi.

Izinhlaka zokulawula e-EU, ezisekelwa ukuhlolwa kwezokuphepha okuqinile kwe-EFSA, ziqinisekisa ukuthi i-E551 isetshenziswa ngokuphepha ngaphakathi kwemingcele echaziwe. Ubufakazi besayensi busekela ukungasebenzi kwayo kanye nobuthi obuncane, okunikeza isiqinisekiso kubathengi nabakhiqizi ngokufanayo.

Ukuqhubeka kwengqondo ngemikhakha ye-nanoparticle kuya kuqinisekisa ukuzibophezela ekuphepheni nasekucaceni emithethweni yokwengeza ukudla. Le mizamo isiza ukugcina ukwethembana kwezinto ezingezwa ekudleni njenge-silicon dioxide nendima yazo ekuqinisekiseni ikhwalithi yokudla.

Abakhiqizi abafana neZhongqi (Shandong) Silicon Materials Co., Ltd. babonisa ubuholi bemboni ngokukhiqiza i-silicon dioxide esezingeni eliphezulu ehlangabezana namazinga omhlaba, esekelwa yi-R&D eqinile kanye nezinhlelo zokulawula ikhwalithi. Ukugxila kwabo ekusebenzeni komkhiqizo, ukuzinza kokuhlinzekwa, kanye nokugqwesa kwenkonzo kugqamisa inzuzo yokuncintisana emakethe yomhlaba.

Ngokuphetha, i-E551 ihlala iyinto eyisidingo, elawulwa kahle, eqhubeka nokusiza imboni yokudla ngenkathi iphambili impilo nokuphepha kwabathengi.

Ukuze uthole imininingwane eningiliziwe ngezengezo zokudla namazinga omthetho, vakashela i-Mayelana Nathi ikhasi le-Shandong Zhonglian Chemical Co., Ltd., umkhiqizi ohamba phambili ochwepheshe emikhiqizweni ye-silicon dioxide esezingeni eliphezulu. Ubuchwepheshe babo nokuzibophezela ekwenzeni izinto ezintsha kusekela ukuhlinzekwa kwezengezo okuphephile nokwethembekile emhlabeni wonke.

Ezinye izinsiza endabeni ye-EFSA ekuphepheni kwezengezo zokudla zingatholakala ngamawebhusayithi asemthethweni e-EU kanye nezincwadi zesayensi. Ukuze uthole imininingwane ngemikhiqizo nezicelo, hlola i-Imikhiqizo ikhasi.

Hlala uvuselelwa ngezindaba zakamuva zemboni nentuthuko ngokuvakashela i-Izindaba isigaba, esikhombisa ukuthuthukiswa ku-silicon dioxide nobuchwepheshe bezokungezwa kokudla.