I. Isingeniso Somkhiqizo Lo mkhiqizo uyisikhubazi-oksijeni esisebenza kakhulu esenziwe yi-Shandong Zhonglian Chemistry Co., Ltd. yodwa. Kuyinto esetshenziswa ngokwezifiso eyenzelwe ngokukhethekile izikhubazi-oksijeni, ehlose ukuxazulula izinkinga eziyinhloko embonini yezikhubazi-oksijeni: "umthamo onganele wokumunca umoya-mpilo obangelwa ukwakheka kwezimbotshana okungalungile, impilo emfushane ngenxa yokumelana nomswakama okungalungile, kanye nomphumela wokukhubaza i-oksijeni ongalingani ngenxa yokusabalala okungalungile". Ngokusekelwe ekulawuleni okunembayo kosayizi wezingxenye ezincane kakhulu (nano-scale) nokwakheka kwezimbotshana, kuhlanganiswe nezinqubo zokulungiselela ezithuthukisiwe njengendlela ye-sol-gel kanye nobuchwepheshe bokugaya umoya obuthuthukisiwe, lo mkhiqizo awuxazululi kuphela izinkinga eziyinhloko ze-silicon dioxide yakudala ekusetshenzisweni kwezikhubazi-oksijeni, kodwa futhi unokusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokusiza ukumunca umoya-mpilo, ukumelana nomswakama, nokuzinza kwezakhiwo. Usasetshenziswa kabanzi ekudleni, emithini, ezifuyweni, ezintweni zikagesimende, kumishini enembayo nezinye izindawo ezidinga ukukhubaza i-oksijeni nokugcina, futhi uthunyelwa eYurophu, eMelika, eNingizimu-mpumalanga Asia naseMiddle East kanye nezinye izimakethe zamazwe ngamazwe. II. Izinzuzo Eziyinhloko Zomkhiqizo 1. Ukwakheka Kwezimbotshana Okuthuthukisiwe kanye Nomthamo Omkhulu Wokusiza Ukumunca Umoya-mpilo Lo mkhiqizo unendawo eqondile (specific surface area) efanele (≥400 m²/g) nokwakheka kwezimbotshana okungalawulwa (ububanzi bobukhulu bezimbotshana 3-60 nm), okungakwazi ukumunca kahle umswakama emoyeni ngenkathi kuhlinzekwa isiphathi esizinzile sezinto ezikhubaza i-oksijeni (njengempuphu yensimbi, i-activated carbon), kuthuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza nomthamo wokumunca umoya-mpilo wesikhubazi-oksijeni. Indlela yayo eyinhloko isekelwe ekusebenziseni indlela ye-template kanye nendlela ye-sol-gel ethuthukisiwe ukulawula ngokunemba inqubo yokuqala nokukhula kwamatshe amatshe e-silica, ukufeza ukufanisana okunembayo komthamo wezimbotshana nokusatshalaliswa kobukhulu bezimbotshana nezinhlelo ezahlukene zezikhubazi-oksijeni. Lokhu kuthuthukisa ngempumelelo indawo yokuxhumana phakathi kwezinto ezikhubaza i-oksijeni nomoya-mpilo, kusheshe isivinini sokuphendula sokukhubaza i-oksijeni, futhi kuqinisekise umphumela osheshayo nowuphelele wokukhubaza i-oksijeni. 2. Ubumsulwa Obuphezulu Nokumelana Nomswakama Okuhle Kakhulu Ngokulandela ngokuqinile izidingo eziphakeme kakhulu zezinto ezisizayo zesikhubazi-oksijeni, lo mkhiqizo unobumsulwa obungu-≥99% kanye nokuqukethwe okuphansi kakhulu kwezinto ezingcolile (insimbi esindayo lead ≤0.001%, arsenic ≤0.0003%), okuhambisana ngokuphelele namazinga kazwelonke okudla, imithi, namazinga aphezulu amazwe ngamazwe. Yonke inqubo yokukhiqiza isebenzisa ukuvikelwa ngegazi elingenamoya (inert gas) kanye nobuchwepheshe bokulungiselela izinto zokusetshenziswa eziphakeme kakhulu, okugwema ngokuyisisekelo ukungena kwezinhlayiya ezingcolile ezingathinta umphumela wokukhubaza i-oksijeni noma zibangele ukungcola. Inokumelana nomswakama okuhle kakhulu nokuzinza kwemvelo, ingagcina ubuqotho bezakhiwo endaweni enomswakama (relative humidity ≤80%), ayimunci umswakama futhi ayihlangani, futhi iqinisekisa ngempumelelo ukusebenza okuzinzile kwesikhathi eside kwesikhubazi-oksijeni. 3. Ukusabalala Okuhle Kakhulu Nokuhambisana Nezinto Ezikhubaza i-Oksijeni Ngokusekelwe ekusabalaleni kosayizi wezingxenye ezincane kakhulu (nano-scale) okuthuthukisiwe (D50=2-12 μm) nobuchwepheshe bokuguqula ubuso, lo mkhiqizo unokusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokusabalala futhi ungahlanganiswa ngokulinganayo nezinto ezahlukene ezikhubaza i-oksijeni (njengempuphu yensimbi, i-activated carbon, i-zeolite, njll.). Ungakha uhlelo lokusabalala oluzinzile nezingxenye ezikhubaza i-oksijeni, ugweme ngempumelelo ukuhlanganiswa kwezingxenye ezikhubaza i-oksijeni ngesikhathi sokugcina nokusebenzisa, uqinisekise ukuthi ingxenye ngayinye ekhubaza i-oksijeni ingathintana ngokugcwele nomoya-mpilo. Kuthuthukisa izinga lokusetshenziswa kwezingxenye ezikhubaza i-oksijeni ngaphezu kuka-35%, futhi kuqinisekisa ukulingana nokuzinza komphumela wokukhubaza i-oksijeni kuso sonke isikhala sokupakisha. 4. Amandla Okwenza Ngokwezifiso Avumelayo Isekela izinsizakalo zokwenza ngokwezifiso ezibhekiswe kumapharamitha abalulekile njengosayizi wezingxenye (2-100 μm), indawo eqondile (300-900 m²/g) nokwakheka kwezimbotshana (3-100 nm). Ngokwezici zenqubo nezidingo zokusebenza zezimo ezahlukene zokusebenzisa izikhubazi-oksijeni (njengokupakisha ukudla, ukupakisha imithi, ukugcina izinto zikagesimende, ukugcina izifuyo), ihlinzeka ngezixazululo zomkhiqizo ezihambisana kakhulu. Ngokwesibonelo, ezikhubazini-oksijeni zokudla, ingenza ngokwezifiso i-silica enosayizi omncane wezingxenye, enobumsulwa obuphezulu ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha nokusabalala; ezikhubazini-oksijeni zezinto zikagesimende, ingahlinzeka ngemikhiqizo evikela umswakama futhi ezimile kakhulu ukugwema ukulimala okubangelwa umswakama ezintweni zikagesimende. 5. Isiqinisekiso Sesevisi Yezobuchwepheshe Esigcwele Isikhathi Sokusebenza Ihlukanisa ukwesekwa kwezobuchwepheshe okukodwa okuhlanganisa ngaphambi kokuthengisa, ngesikhathi sokuthengisa, nangemva kokuthengisa. Ngaphambi kokuthengisa, ingahlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zokuhlola amasampula enziwe ngokwezifiso kanye nokuhlola ukusebenza kokukhubaza i-oksijeni; ngesikhathi sokuthengisa, ihlinzeka ngesiqondiso sezobuchwepheshe ngesilinganiso sokuhlanganisa sezinto ezikhubaza i-oksijeni ne-silica, kanye nesiqondiso senqubo yokusebenzisa; ngemva kokuthengisa, ithimba lochwepheshe le-R&D lilandelela umphumela wokusebenzisa, lixazulule izinkinga zobuchwepheshe njengokuncipha kokusebenza kokukhubaza i-oksijeni nokuhlanganiswa, futhi luthuthukise amapharamitha omkhiqizo ngokusekelwe empendulweni yomsebenzisi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuphelele kwesikhubazi-oksijeni. III. Isiqinisekiso Samandla Okukhiqiza I-Shandong Zhonglian Chemistry Co., Ltd., eyasungulwa ngo-2022, iyibhizinisi lobuchwepheshe obuphezulu eligxile ku-R&D kanye nokukhiqizwa kwezinto zamakhemikhali eziphakeme, nelungelo lokungenisa nokuthumela ngaphandle elizimele kanye nezitifiketi eziningi (kuhlanganise nesitifiketi somkhiqizo wokudla, imithi). Le nkampani inezimvume ezimbili eziyinhloko emkhakheni wokulungiswa kwe-silica, okuhlanganisa idivayisi yokugaya umoya ephezulu yokukhiqizwa kwe-silica kanye nohlelo lokuthuthukisa oluhlakaniphile lwezinqubo zokuphendula nge-electrochemical, ihlinzeka ngesekelo lobuchwepheshe eliqinile ekuthuthukisweni kwekhwalithi yomkhiqizo. Isisekelo sokukhiqiza samukela ukulawulwa kwenqubo eqondile, sifakwe imishini yokuhlola ethuthukisiwe njenge-laser particle size analyzers, specific surface area and pore size analyzers, kanye ne-X-ray fluorescence spectrometers, futhi siye sakha izinqubo zokuhlola ezigcwele eziyi-18 ezihlanganisa ukuhlanzwa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa, ukuhlanganiswa kwesikhashana kuze kube ukuhlolwa komkhiqizo oqediwe. Sithole isitifiketi sohlelo lokuphatha ikhwalithi i-ISO9001 kanye nesitifiketi sokuphepha sokudla, sifeza ukulawulwa okujwayelekile kuyo yonke iminyaka kusuka ku-R&D, ukukhiqiza kuze kube ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi. IV. Izincazelo Zokupakisha Nokuthutha 1. Izincazelo Zokupakisha Ezejwayelekile Ukusebenzisa umklamo wokupakisha ojwayelekile ohambisana nezidingo zokupakisha zokudla nemithi, kuhlinzekwa ngezinketho zokupakisha izikhwama zephepha le-kraft eziyi-25kg kanye namathini ensimbi agalelwe i-zinc angama-50kg ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezahlukene zezinani le-oda nezokuthutha. Izinto zokupakisha zonke zenziwe ngezinto ezingasebenzi, ezinganobuthi futhi ezingangcoli ukuze kugwenywe ukusabela kwamakhemikhali nomkhiqizo futhi kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha nokumsulwa komkhiqizo. 2. Umklamo Ochwepheshe Wokuvikela Umswakama Nokungcola Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuzinza komkhiqizo ngesikhathi sokuthutha nokugcina, kusebenziswa isixazululo sokuvikela esiphindwe kabili: ungqimba lwangaphakathi lusebenzisa ifilimu ye-PE yokudla enobukhulu obungu-≥0.08mm ukuze kuvalwe umswakama, kanti ungqimba lwangaphandle lusebenzisa izikhwama ezilukiwe eziqinile noma amathini ensimbi agalelwe i-zinc ukuze kuvikelwe ukushayisana nokungcola. Emikhiqizweni ethunyelwa ngaphandle, kusetshenziswa ukupakisha kwe-vacuum + ukuthunyelwa kwesitsha ukuze kugwenywe ukungena komswakama nokungcola okuhlangene ngesikhathi sokuthutha ibanga elide, kuqinisekiswe ukuthi umkhiqizo ugcina ukusebenza kwawo kwasekuqaleni lapho ufika kumakhasimende. 3. Izidingo Zokugcina Nokuthutha - Izimo zokugcina: Kufanele zigcinwe endaweni epholile, eyomile futhi enomoya omuhle, kugwenywe ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu (≥40℃) kanye nendawo enomswakama (relative humidity ≤70%), futhi kufanele zigcinwe ngokuhlukile nezinto ezikhubaza i-oksijeni, izinsipho ezinamandla kanye ne-alkalis; - Impilo yeshalofu: izinyanga ezingama-36 ngaphansi kwezimo zokugcina ezifanele; - Izici zokuthutha: Lo mkhiqizo uyikhemikhali engadali ingozi, usekela ukuthunyelwa ngolwandle, ngomhlaba, ngomoya nezinye izindlela zokuthutha, futhi ungadluliselwa ngokuphepha ezindaweni ezibekwe ngamakhasimende asekhaya naphesheya. Ngesikhathi sokuthutha, kuyadingeka ukugwema ukushayisana okunamandla, imvula nomsakhamuzi. 4. Ukulebula Okujwayelekile Wonke umthwalo womkhiqizo uphethwe ngokucacile ngolwazi lomkhiqizo njengobuntu besikhubazi-oksijeni, ubumsulwa, indawo eqondile, ubukhulu bezimbotshana, inombolo yomthwalo wokukhiqiza kanye nempilo yeshalofu; ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngokwemibandela yemithetho yezimakethe ezahlukene zokuthunyelwa ngaphandle kanye nezindawo zokusebenzisa (ukudla, imithi), izilebula zezilimi eziningi kanye namashidi emininingwane yokuphepha (SDS) angakwenziwa ngokwezifiso ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhambisana namazinga okufinyelela emakethe endawo kanye nemithetho yokuphepha. V. Izindawo Zokusebenzisa Ezisebenzayo Lo mkhiqizo usetshenziswa kabanzi emkhakheni wezikhubazi-oksijeni, uhlanganisa izimboni eziningi nezigameko ezidinga ukukhubaza i-oksijeni, ukuvimbela umswakama nokugcina: 1. Imboni Yokudla Isetshenziswa njengento esizayo ezikhubazini-oksijeni zokudla, esebenza ezintweni ezibhakiwe, amantongomane, izithelo ezomisiwe, imikhiqizo yenyama, amaswidi, imikhiqizo yezinhlamvu namafutha, njll. Isiza izinto ezikhubaza i-oksijeni ukuthi zimunce ngokushesha umoya-mpilo esikhwameni, igweme ukubola kokudla, ukubola, ukushintsha umbala nokubola, yandise impilo yeshalofu yokudla izikhathi ezi-2-3, futhi igcine ukunambitheka kwasekuqaleni kanye nekhwalithi yokudla. 2. Imboni Yemithi Isetshenziswa ezikhubazini-oksijeni zokupakisha imithi, okuhlanganisa amaphilisi, amakhasimende, izimpushana, imijovo nezinye izimpahla zemithi. Ingakwazi ukususa ngempumelelo umoya-mpilo esikhwameni, igweme izithako zemithi ukuthi zibole futhi zonakale, iqinisekise ukusebenza nokuzinza kwemithi, futhi ihlangabezane nezidingo zekhwalithi eziqinile zemboni yemithi. 3. Imboni Yezifuyo Isetshenziswa njengento esizayo ezikhubazini-oksijeni zezifuyo, esebenza ezifuyweni ezahlukene ezihlanganisiwe, izithako zezifuyo kanye nezifuyo zasemanzini. Ivimbela ukubola kwezifuyo, ukubola kanye nokulahleka kwezakhiwo ngesikhathi sokugcina, ithuthukisa ikhwalithi yezifuyo, futhi igweme izifo zezilwane ezibangelwa izifuyo ezibolile. 9. Imboni Yezinto Zikagesimende Nemishini Enembayo Isetshenziswa ezikhubazini-oksijeni zezinto zikagesimende nemishini enembayo (njengama-chip, izinzwa, imitha enembayo). Ayisusi kuphela umoya-mpilo esikhwameni ukuze igweme ukubola kwezingxenye zensimbi, kodwa futhi inokusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokuvimbela umswakama, igweme ukulimala okubangelwa umswakama ezintweni zikagesimende nemishini enembayo, iqinisekise ukusebenza kwayo okujwayelekile kanye nempilo yesevisi. VI. Isiphetho I-silicon dioxide ye-Shandong Zhonglian Chemistry eyenzelwe izikhubazi-oksijeni ibekwe enkabeni yokuthi "kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kokukhubaza i-oksijeni, kwandiswe isikhathi sokugcina kanye nokuqinisekiswa ukuphepha komkhiqizo". Ngokusekelwe kubuchwepheshe bokulungiselela obusha, uhlelo oluqinile lokulawula ikhwalithi kanye nethimba lezinsizakalo zobuchwepheshe, ihlinzeka ngezixazululo eziphelele zezinto ezisizayo zezikhubazi-oksijeni ezinkampanini zezimboni zokudla, imithi, izifuyo, izinto zikagesimende nezinye izimboni. Le nkampani izibophezele ekuthuthukiseni imboni yezikhubazi-oksijeni ngemikhiqizo esezingeni eliphezulu futhi yamukela ngobuqotho imibuzo kanye nokubambisana okuvela kumakhasimende asekhaya naphesheya.