I. Isingeniso Somkhiqizo Lo mkhiqizo uyisikhubazi-oksijini esisebenza kakhulu esenziwe nge-silicon dioxide esithuthukiswe ngokuzimela yiShandong Zhonglian Chemistry Co., Ltd. Kuyinto esetshenziswayo eyenziwe ngokwezifiso eyenzelwe ngokukhethekile izikhubazi-oksijini, ehlose ukuxazulula izinkinga eziyinhloko embonini yezikhubazi-oksijini: "umthamo onganele wokumunca umoya-mpilo obangelwa ukwakheka kwezimbotshana okungalungile, impilo emfushane ngenxa yokumelana nomswakama okungalungile, kanye nomphumela wokukhubaza-oksijini ongalingani ngenxa yokuhlakazeka okungalungile". Ngokusekelwe ekulawuleni okunembayo kosayizi wezingxenye ezincane kakhulu (nano-scale) nokwakheka kwezimbotshana, kuhlanganiswe nezinqubo zokulungiselela ezithuthukisiwe njengendlela ye-sol-gel kanye nobuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe bokugudla komoya, lo mkhiqizo awuxazululi kuphela izinkinga eziyinhloko ze-silicon dioxide yakudala ekusetshenzisweni kwezikhubazi-oksijini, kodwa futhi unokusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokusiza ukumunca umoya-mpilo, ukumelana nomswakama, nokuqina kwezakhiwo. Usasetshenziswa kabanzi ekudleni, emithini, ekudleni kwezilwane, ezintweni zikagesi, kumishini enembayo nezinye izindawo ezidinga ukukhubaza-oksijini nokugcina, futhi uthunyelwa eYurophu, eMelika, eNingizimu-mpumalanga Asia naseMiddle East kanye nezinye izimakethe zamazwe ngamazwe. II. Izinzuzo Eziyinhloko Zomkhiqizo 1. Ukwakheka Kwezimbotshana Okuthuthukisiwe kanye Nomthamo Omkhulu Wokusiza Ukumunca Umoya-mpilo Lo mkhiqizo unendawo eqondile (specific surface area) efanele (≥400 m²/g) nokwakheka kwezimbotshana okungalawulwa (ububanzi bosayizi wezimbotshana 3-60 nm), okungakwazi ukumunca kahle umswakama emoyeni ngenkathi kuhlinzekwa ngesikhundla esizinzile sezinto ezikhubaza-oksijini (njenge-iron powder, i-activated carbon), kuthuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza nomthamo wokumunca umoya-mpilo wesikhubazi-oksijini. Indlela yayo eyinhloko isekelwe ekusebenziseni indlela ye-template kanye nendlela ye-sol-gel ethuthukisiwe ukulawula ngokunemba inqubo yokuqala nokukhula kwamatshe amakristalu e-silica, ukufeza ukufaniswa okunembayo komthamo wezimbotshana nokusatshalaliswa kosayizi wezimbotshana nezinye izinhlelo zezikhubazi-oksijini. Lokhu kuthuthukisa ngempumelelo indawo yokuxhumana phakathi kwezinto ezikhubaza-oksijini nomoya-mpilo, kusheshe isivinini sokuphendula sokukhubaza-oksijini, futhi kuqinisekise umphumela osheshayo nowuphelele wokukhubaza-oksijini. 2. Ubumsulwa Obuphezulu Nokumelana Nomswakama Okuhle Kakhulu Ngokulandela ngokuqinile izidingo eziphakeme zezinto ezisetshenziswa ezikhubazini-oksijini, lo mkhiqizo unobumsulwa obungu-≥99% kanye nokuqukethwe okuncane kakhulu kwezinto ezingcolile (heavy metal lead ≤0.001%, arsenic ≤0.0003%), okuhambisana ngokuphelele namazinga kazwelonke okudla, imithi, namazinga aphezulu amazwe ngamazwe. Yonke inqubo yokukhiqiza isebenzisa ukuvikelwa ngegazi elingenamoya (inert gas) kanye nobuchwepheshe bokulungiselela izinto ezingavuthiwe ezimsulwa kakhulu, okugwema ngokuyisisekelo ukungeniswa kwamayoni angcolile angathinta umphumela wokukhubaza-oksijini noma abangele ukungcola. Inokumelana nomswakama okuhle kakhulu nokuqina kwemvelo, ingagcina ubuqotho bezakhiwo endaweni enomswakama (relative humidity ≤80%), ayimunci umswakama futhi ayihlanganisi, futhi iqinisekisa ngempumelelo ukusebenza okuzinzile kwesikhathi eside kwesikhubazi-oksijini. 3. Ukuhlakazeka Okuhle Kakhulu Nokuhambisana Nezinto Ezikhubaza-oksijini Ngokusekelwe ekusatshalalisweni kosayizi wezingxenye ezincane kakhulu (nano-scale) okuthuthukisiwe (D50=2-12 μm) kanye nobuchwepheshe bokuguqula indawo engaphezulu, lo mkhiqizo unokusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokuhlakazeka futhi ungahlanganiswa ngokulinganayo nezingxenye ezahlukahlukene ezikhubaza-oksijini (njenge-iron powder, i-activated carbon, i-zeolite, njll.). Ungakha uhlelo lokuhlakazeka oluzinzile nezingxenye ezikhubaza-oksijini, ugweme ngempumelelo ukuhlanganiswa kwezinto ezikhubaza-oksijini ngesikhathi sokugcina nokusebenzisa, uqinisekise ukuthi zonke izingxenye ezikhubaza-oksijini zingathintana nomoya-mpilo ngokugcwele. Kuthuthukisa izinga lokusetshenziswa kwezinto ezikhubaza-oksijini ngaphezu kuka-35%, futhi kuqinisekisa ukulingana nokuqina komphumela wokukhubaza-oksijini kuso sonke isikhala sokupakisha. 4. Amandla Okwenza Ngokwezifiso Avumelayo Isekela izinsizakalo zokwenza ngokwezifiso ezibhekiswe kumapharamitha abalulekile njengosayizi wezingxenye (2-100 μm), indawo eqondile (300-900 m²/g), nokwakheka kwezimbotshana (3-100 nm). Ngokwezici zenqubo nezidingo zokusebenza zezimo ezahlukahlukene zokusebenzisa izikhubazi-oksijini (njengokupakisha ukudla, ukupakisha imithi, ukugcina izinto zikagesi, ukugcina izinto zokudla kwezilwane), ihlinzeka ngezixazululo zomkhiqizo ezihambisana kakhulu. Isibonelo, ezikhubazini-oksijini zokudla, ingenza ngokwezifiso i-silica enosayizi wezingxenye ezinhle, enobumsulwa obuphezulu ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha nokuhlakazeka; ezikhubazini-oksijini zezinto zikagesi, inganikeza imikhiqizo evimbela umswakama futhi enokuqina okuphezulu ukuze kugwenywe ukulimala okubangelwa umswakama ezintweni zikagesi. 5. Isiqinisekiso Sesevisi Yezobuchwepheshe Yesigaba Esigcwele Inikeza ukwesekwa kwezobuchwepheshe okuyindawo eyodwa okuhlanganisa ngaphambi kokuthengisa, ngesikhathi sokuthengisa, nangemva kokuthengisa. Ngaphambi kokuthengisa, inganikeza izinsizakalo zokuhlola amasampula enziwe ngokwezifiso kanye nokuhlola ukusebenza kokukhubaza-oksijini; ngesikhathi sokuthengisa, inikeza isiqondiso sezobuchwepheshe ngesilinganiso sokuhlanganisa sezinto ezikhubaza-oksijini ne-silica, kanye nesiqondiso senqubo yokusebenzisa; ngemva kokuthengisa, ithimba lochwepheshe be-R&D lilandelela umphumela wokusebenzisa, lixazulule izinkinga zobuchwepheshe njengokuncipha kokusebenza kokukhubaza-oksijini nokuhlanganiswa, futhi luthuthukise amapharamitha omkhiqizo ngokusekelwe empendulweni yomsebenzisi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuphelele kwesikhubazi-oksijini. III. Isiqinisekiso Samandla Okukhiqiza I-Shandong Zhonglian Chemistry Co., Ltd., eyasungulwa ngo-2022, iyibhizinisi lobuchwepheshe obuphezulu eligxile ku-R&D kanye nokukhiqizwa kwezinto zamakhemikhali ezingeni eliphezulu, nelamalungelo okungenisa nokuthumela ngaphandle azimele kanye nezitifiketi eziningi (kuhlanganise nesitifiketi somkhiqizo wokudla, imithi). Le nkampani inezimvume ezimbili eziyinhloko emkhakheni wokulungiswa kwe-silica, okuhlanganisa idivayisi yokugudla umoya ephezulu yokukhiqizwa kwe-silica kanye nohlelo lokuthuthukisa oluhlakaniphile lwezinqubo zokuphendula kwe-electrochemical, ihlinzeka ngokwesekwa okuqinile kobuchwepheshe ekuthuthukisweni kwekhwalithi yomkhiqizo. Isisekelo sokukhiqiza samukela ukulawulwa kwenqubo ecokeme, sihlinzekwa ngemishini yokuhlola ethuthukisiwe njenge-laser particle size analyzers, i-specific surface area and pore size analyzers, kanye ne-X-ray fluorescence spectrometers, futhi siye sakha izinqubo zokuhlola ezigcwele eziyi-18 ezihlanganisa ukuhlanzwa kwezinto ezingavuthiwe, ukuhlanganiswa kwesikhashana kuze kube ukuhlolwa komkhiqizo oqediwe. Sithole isitifiketi sohlelo lokuphatha ikhwalithi lwe-ISO9001 kanye nesitifiketi sokuphepha sokudla, siqaphela ukulawulwa okujwayelekile kuyo yonke iminyaka kusukela ku-R&D, ukukhiqizwa kuze kube ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi. IV. Izincazelo Zokupakisha Nokuthutha 1. Izincazelo Zokupakisha Ezijwayelekile Kwamukelwa umklamo wokupakisha ojwayelekile ohambisana nezidingo zokupakisha zokudla nemithi, kuhlinzekwa ngezinketho zokupakisha izikhwama zamaphepha e-kraft eziyi-25kg kanye namadreyi ensimbi agalelwe i-zinc ayi-50kg ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezahlukahlukene zezinani le-oda nezokuthutha. Izinto zokupakisha zenziwe ngezinto ezingenasici, ezinganobuthi futhi ezingangcoli ukuze kugwenywe ukusabela kwamakhemikhali nomkhiqizo futhi kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha nokumsulwa komkhiqizo. 2. Umklamo Ochwepheshe Wokuvimbela Umswakama Nokuvimbela Ukungcola Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuqina komkhiqizo ngesikhathi sokuthutha nokugcina, kusebenziswe isixazululo sokuvikela esiphindwe kabili: ungqimba lwangaphakathi lusebenzisa ifilimu ye-PE yokudla enobubanzi obungu-≥0.08mm ukuze kuvalwe umswakama, kanti ungqimba lwangaphandle lusebenzisa izikhwama ezilukiwe eziqinile noma amadreyi ensimbi agalelwe i-zinc ukuze kuvikelwe ukushayisana nokungcola. Kwimikhiqizo ethunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, kusetshenziswa ukupakisha kwe-vacuum + ukuthunyelwa kwesitsha ukuze kugwenywe ukungena komswakama nokungcola okuhlangene ngesikhathi sokuthutha ibanga elide, kuqinisekiswe ukuthi umkhiqizo ugcina ukusebenza kwawo kwasekuqaleni lapho ufika kumakhasimende. 3. Izidingo Zokugcina Nokuthutha - Izimo zokugcina: Kufanele zigcinwe endaweni epholile, eyomile futhi enomoya omuhle, kugwenywe ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu (≥40℃) kanye nendawo enomswakama (relative humidity ≤70%), futhi kufanele zigcinwe ngokuhlukile nezinto ezibangela ukubola, izinsipho ezinamandla nezinzalo; - Impilo yeshalofu: izinyanga ezingama-36 ngaphansi kwezimo zokugcina ezifanele; - Izici zokuthutha: Lo mkhiqizo uyikhemikhali engadali ingozi, usekela ukuthunyelwa ngolwandle, ngomhlaba, ngomoya nezinye izindlela zokuthutha, futhi ungadluliselwa ngokuphepha ezindaweni ezibekwe ngamakhasimende asekhaya naphesheya. Ngesikhathi sokuthutha, kuyadingeka ukugwema ukushayisana kakhulu, imvula nomswakama. 4. Ukulebula Okujwayelekile Wonke umthwalo womkhiqizo wokupakisha ubhalwe ngokuqinile ngolwazi lomkhiqizo njengobuntu besikhubazi-oksijini, ubumsulwa, indawo eqondile, usayizi wezimbotshana, inombolo yomthwalo wokukhiqiza, kanye nempilo yeshalofu; ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngokwemibandela yemithetho yezimakethe ezahlukahlukene zokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kanye nezindawo zokusebenzisa (ukudla, imithi), kungenziwa ngokwezifiso amalebula emilimi eminingi kanye namashidi edatha yokuphepha (SDS) ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhambisana namazinga okufinyelela emakethe endawo kanye nemithetho yokuphepha. V. Izindawo Zokusebenzisa Ezisebenzayo Lo mkhiqizo usetshenziswa kabanzi emkhakheni wezikhubazi-oksijini, uhlanganisa izimboni eziningi nezinye izimo ezidinga ukukhubaza-oksijini, ukuvimbela umswakama nokugcina: 1. Imboni Yokudla Usetshenziswa njengento esiza izikhubazi-oksijini zokudla, ezisebenza ezintweni ezibhakiwe, amantongomane, izithelo ezomisiwe, imikhiqizo yenyama, amaswidi, imikhiqizo yezinhlamvu namafutha, njll. Usiza izinto ezikhubaza-oksijini ukuba zimunce ngokushesha umoya-mpilo ekupakisheni, kugwenywe ukubola kokudla, ukubola, ukushintsha umbala nokubola, kwandiswe impilo yeshalofu yokudla izikhathi ezi-2-3, futhi kugcinwe ukunambitheka kwasekuqaleni kanye nekhwalithi yokudla. 2. Imboni Yemithi Usetshenziswa ezikhubazini-oksijini zokupakisha imithi, okuhlanganisa amaphilisi, ama-capsule, izimpushana, imijovo nezinye izimphambaniso zemithi. Ungakwazi ukususa ngempumelelo umoya-mpilo ekupakisheni, uvimbele izithako zemithi ukuba zingaboli futhi zingonakali, uqinisekise ukusebenza kanye nokuqina kwemithi, futhi uhlangabezane nezidingo eziqinile zekhwalithi zemboni yemithi. 3. Imboni Yokudla Kwezilwane Usestshenziswa njengento esiza izikhubazi-oksijini zokudla kwezilwane, ezisebenza ezinhlobonhlobo zokudla okuhlanganisiwe, izithako zokudla kwezilwane kanye nokudla kwezilwane zasemanzini. Kuvimbela ukubola kokudla kwezilwane, ukubola kanye nokulahleka kwezakhamzimba ngesikhathi sokugcina, kuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokudla kwezilwane, futhi kugwenywe izifo zezilwane ezibangelwa ukudla kwezilwane okubolile. 14. Imboni Yezinto Zikagesi Nemishini Enembayo Isetshenziswa ezikhubazini-oksijini zezinto zikagesi nemishini enembayo (njenge-chips, izinzwa, imitha enembayo). Ayisusi kuphela umoya-mpilo ekupakisheni ukuze kugwenywe ukubola kwezingxenye zensimbi, kodwa futhi inokusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokuvimbela umswakama, kugwenywe ukulimala okubangelwa umswakama ezintweni zikagesi nemishini enembayo, kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kwazo okujwayelekile kanye nempilo. VI. Isiphetho I-silicon dioxide ye-Shandong Zhonglian Chemistry eyenzelwe izikhubazi-oksijini ibekwe enkabeni yokuthi "kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kokukhubaza-oksijini, kwandiswe isikhathi sokugcina futhi kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha komkhiqizo". Ngokusekelwe kubuchwepheshe bokulungiselela obusha, uhlelo oluqinile lokulawula ikhwalithi kanye nethimba lezobuchwepheshe elichwepheshile, lihlinzeka ngezixazululo eziyindawo eyodwa zezikhubazi-oksijini ezinkampanini ezimbonini zokudla, zemithi, zezokudla kwezilwane, zezinto zikagesi nezinye izimboni. Le nkampani izibophezele ekuthuthukiseni imboni yezikhubazi-oksijini ngemikhiqizo esezingeni eliphezulu futhi yamukela ngobuqotho imibuzo kanye nokubambisana okuvela kumakhasimende asekhaya naphesheya.