I. Isingeniso Somkhiqizo Lo mkhiqizo uyisikhubazi-oksijini esisebenza kakhulu esenziwe ngesikhubazi se-silicon dioxide esithuthukiswe ngokuzimela yiShandong Zhonglian Chemistry Co., Ltd. Kuyinto esetshenziswayo eyenziwe ngokwezifiso eyenzelwe ngokukhethekile izikhubazi-oksijini, ehlose ukuxazulula izinkinga eziyinhloko embonini yezikhubazi-oksijini: "umthamo onganele wokumunca umoya obangelwa ukwakheka kwezimbotshana okungalungile, impilo emfushane ngenxa yokumelana nomswakama okungalungile, nomphumela wokukhubaza-oksijini ongalingani ngenxa yokusabalala okungalungile". Ngokusekelwe ekulawuleni okunembayo kosayizi wezinhlayiya zesayizi we-nano nokwakheka kwezimbotshana, kuhlanganiswe nezinqubo zokulungiselela ezithuthukile njengendlela ye-sol-gel kanye nobuchwepheshe bokugaya umoya obuhle kakhulu, lo mkhiqizo awuxazululi kuphela izinkinga eziyinhloko ze-silicon dioxide yakudala ezinhlelweni zezikhubazi-oksijini kodwa futhi unokusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokusiza ukumunca umoya, ukumelana nomswakama, nokuqina kwezakhiwo. Ivame ukusetshenziswa ekudleni, emithini, ekudleni kwezilwane, ezintweni zikagesimende, kumadivayisi okunemba nezinye izindawo ezidinga ukukhubaza-oksijini nokugcina, futhi ithunyelwa eYurophu, eMelika, eNingizimu-mpumalanga Asia naseMiddle East kanye nezinye izimakethe zamazwe omhlaba. II. Izinzuzo Eziyinhloko Zomkhiqizo 1. Ukwakheka Kwezimbotshana Okuhle Kakhulu Nomthamo Omkhulu Wokusiza Ukumunca Umoya Lo mkhiqizo unendawo ethile eyanele (≥400 m²/g) nokwakheka kwezimbotshana okulawulekayo (ububanzi bezimbotshana 3-60 nm), okungakwazi ukumunca kahle umswakama emoyeni ngenkathi unikeza isiphathi esizinzile sezinto ezikhubaza-oksijini (njengomgqomo wensimbi, ikhaboni elisebenzayo), kuthuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza nomthamo wokumunca umoya wesikhubazi-oksijini. Indlela yayo eyinhloko isekelwe ekusebenziseni indlela ye-template kanye nendlela ye-sol-gel ethuthukisiwe ukulawula ngokunemba inqubo yokuqala nokukhula kwamakristalu e-silica, ukufeza ukufanisana okunembayo komthamo wezimbotshana nokusatshalaliswa kwezimbotshana nezinhlelo ezahlukene zezikhubazi-oksijini. Lokhu kuthuthukisa ngempumelelo indawo yokuxhumana phakathi kwezinto ezikhubaza-oksijini nomoya, kusheshe isivinini sokuphendula sokukhubaza-oksijini, futhi kuqinisekise umphumela osheshayo nowonke wokukhubaza-oksijini. 2. Ubumsulwa Obuphezulu Nokumelana Nomswakama Okuhle Kakhulu Ngokulandela ngokuqinile izidingo eziphakeme zezinto ezisiza izikhubazi-oksijini, lo mkhiqizo unobumsulwa obungu-≥99% kanye nokuqukethwe okuncane kakhulu kwezinto ezingcolile (insimbi esindayo lead ≤0.001%, arsenic ≤0.0003%), okuhambisana ngokuphelele namazinga kazwelonke okudla, amaphilisi kanye namazinga aphezulu aphezulu. Inqubo yonke yokukhiqiza isebenzisa ukuvikelwa kwegesi elingenamoya kanye nobuchwepheshe bokulungiselela izinto zokusetshenziswa eziphakeme kakhulu, okugwema ngokuyisisekelo ukungeniswa kwama-ion angcolile angathinta umphumela wokukhubaza-oksijini noma abangele ukungcola. Inokumelana nomswakama okuhle kakhulu nokuqina kwemvelo, ingagcina ubuqotho bezakhiwo endaweni enomswakama (umswakama ohlobene ≤80%), ayimunci umswakama futhi ayihlanganisi, futhi iqinisekisa ngempumelelo ukusebenza okuzinzile kwesikhathi eside kwesikhubazi-oksijini. 3. Ukusabalala Okuhle Kakhulu Nokuhambisana Nezinto Ezikhubaza-Oksijini Ngokusekelwe ekusatshalalisweni okuhle kakhulu kosayizi wezinhlayiya zesayizi we-nano (D50=2-12 μm) nobuchwepheshe bokuguqula ubuso, lo mkhiqizo unokusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokusabalala futhi ungahlanganiswa ngokulinganayo nezinto ezahlukene ezikhubaza-oksijini (njengomgqomo wensimbi, ikhaboni elisebenzayo, i-zeolite, njll.). Ingakha uhlelo lokusabalala oluzinzile ngezinto ezikhubaza-oksijini, igweme ngempumelelo ukuhlanganiswa kwezinto ezikhubaza-oksijini ngesikhathi sokugcina nokusebenzisa, iqinisekise ukuthi zonke izinto ezikhubaza-oksijini zingathintana ngokugcwele nomoya. Kuthuthukisa izinga lokusetshenziswa kwezinto ezikhubaza-oksijini ngaphezu kuka-35%, futhi kuqinisekisa ukulingana nokuqina komphumela wokukhubaza-oksijini kuso sonke isikhala sokupakisha. 4. Amandla Okwenza Ngokwezifiso Avumelayo Isekela izinsizakalo zokwenza ngokwezifiso ezibhekiswe kubantu ngamapharamitha ayinhloko njengosayizi wezinhlayiya (2-100 μm), indawo ethile (300-900 m²/g) nokwakheka kwezimbotshana (3-100 nm). Ngokwezici zenqubo nezidingo zokusebenza zezimo ezahlukene zokusebenzisa izikhubazi-oksijini (njengokupakisha ukudla, ukupakisha imithi, ukugcina izinto zikagesimende, ukugcina izinto zokudla kwezilwane), ihlinzeka ngezixazululo zomkhiqizo ezihambisana kakhulu. Isibonelo, ezikhubazini-oksijini zokudla, ingenza ngokwezifiso i-silica enosayizi omncane wezinhlayiya, enobumsulwa obuphezulu ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha nokusabalala; ezikhubazini-oksijini zezinto zikagesimende, inganikeza imikhiqizo evimbela umswakama nenezinga eliphezulu lokuqina ukuze kugwenywe ukulimala komswakama ezintweni zikagesimende. 5. Isiqinisekiso Sesevisi Yezobuchwepheshe Yesigaba Esigcwele Iyanikeza ukwesekwa kwezobuchwepheshe okuyindawo eyodwa okuhlanganisa ngaphambi kokuthengisa, ngesikhathi sokuthengisa nangemva kokuthengisa. Ngaphambi kokuthengisa, inganikeza izinsizakalo zokuhlola amasampula enziwe ngokwezifiso kanye nokuhlola ukusebenza kokukhubaza-oksijini; ngesikhathi sokuthengisa, inikeza isiqondiso sezobuchwepheshe ngesilinganiso sokuhlanganisa sezinto ezikhubaza-oksijini ne-silica, kanye nesiqondiso senqubo yokusebenzisa; ngemva kokuthengisa, ithimba lochwepheshe le-R&D lilandela umphumela wokusebenzisa, lixazulula izinkinga zobuchwepheshe njengokuncipha kokusebenza kokukhubaza-oksijini nokuhlanganiswa, futhi luthuthukisa amapharamitha omkhiqizo ngokusekelwe kumpendulo yomsebenzisi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuphezulu komkhiqizo wesikhubazi-oksijini. III. Isiqinisekiso Samandla Okukhiqiza I-Shandong Zhonglian Chemistry Co., Ltd., eyasungulwa ngo-2022, iyibhizinisi lobuchwepheshe obuphezulu eligxile ku-R&D nokukhiqizwa kwezinto zamakhemikhali eziphakeme, nelungelo lokungenisa nokuthumela ngaphandle elizimele kanye nezitifiketi eziningi (kuhlanganise nesitifiketi somkhiqizo wokudla, nesitifiketi samaphilisi). Le nkampani inezimvume ezi-2 eziyinhloko emkhakheni wokulungiswa kwe-silica, okuhlanganisa idivayisi yokugaya umoya ephezulu yokukhiqizwa kwe-silica kanye nohlelo lokuthuthukisa oluhlakaniphile lwezinqubo zokuphendula kwe-electrochemical, ihlinzeka ngokwesekwa okuqinile kwezobuchwepheshe ekuthuthukisweni kwekhwalithi yomkhiqizo. Isisekelo sokukhiqiza samukela ukulawulwa kwenqubo ecokeme, sifakwe izinto zokuhlola ezithuthukile njengezihlaziya zosayizi wezinhlayiya ze-laser, izihlaziya zendawo ethile kanye nezimbotshana, kanye ne-X-ray fluorescence spectrometers, futhi sakhe izinqubo zokuhlola ezigcwele eziyi-18 ezihlanganisa ukuhlanzwa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa, ukuhlanganiswa kwesikhashana kuze kube ukuhlolwa komkhiqizo oqediwe. Ithole isitifiketi sohlelo lokuphatha ikhwalithi lwe-ISO9001 kanye nesitifiketi sokuphepha sokudla, siqaphela ukulawulwa okujwayelekile kuyo yonke iketango kusuka ku-R&D, ukukhiqizwa kuze kube ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi. IV. Izincazelo Zokupakisha Nokuthutha 1. Izincazelo Zokupakisha Ezijwayelekile Ukusebenzisa umklamo wokupakisha ojwayelekile ohambisana nezidingo zokupakisha zokudla namaphilisi, ihlinzeka ngezinketho zokupakisha izikhwama zephepha le-kraft ezingama-25kg kanye namadili angama-50kg enziwe ngensimbi ye-galvanized ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezahlukene zenani le-oda nezokuthutha. Izinto zokupakisha zenziwe zonke ngezinto ezingenasidingo, ezinganobuthi futhi ezingangcoli ukuze kugwenywe ukusabela kwamakhemikhali nomkhiqizo futhi kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha nokumsulwa komkhiqizo. 2. Umklamo Ochwepheshe Wokuvikela Umswakama Nokungcola Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuqina komkhiqizo ngesikhathi sokuthutha nokugcina, kusebenzisa isixazululo sokuvikela esiphindwe kabili: umngcele wangaphakathi usebenzisa ifilimu ye-PE yokudla enobubanzi obungu-≥0.08mm ukuze kuvinjelwe umswakama, kanti umngcele wangaphandle usebenzisa izikhwama ezilukiwe eziqinile noma amadili ensimbi ye-galvanized ukuze kuvinjelwe ukushayisana nokungcola. Kwimikhiqizo ethunyelwa ngaphandle, kusetshenziswa ukupakisha kwe-vacuum + ukuthunyelwa kwesitsha ukuze kuvinjelwe ukungena komswakama nokungcola okuhlangene ngesikhathi sokuthutha ibanga elide, kuqinisekise ukuthi umkhiqizo ugcina ukusebenza kwawo kwasekuqaleni lapho ufika kumakhasimende. 3. Izidingo Zokugcina Nokuthutha - Izimo zokugcina: Kufanele zigcinwe endaweni epholile, eyomile futhi enomoya omuhle, kugwenywe ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu (≥40℃) kanye nendawo enomswakama (umswakama ohlobene ≤70%), futhi kufanele zigcinwe ngokuhlukile nezinto ezikhubaza-oksijini, izinsipho ezinamandla kanye ne-alkalis; - Impilo yeshalofu: izinyanga ezingama-36 ngaphansi kwezimo zokugcina ezifanele; - Izici zokuthutha: Lo mkhiqizo uyikhemikhali engayona ingozi, usekela ukuthunyelwa ngolwandle, ukuthunyelwa ngomhlaba, ukuthunyelwa ngomoya nezinye izindlela zokuthutha, futhi ungadluliselwa ngokuphepha ezindaweni ezichazwe ngamakhasimende asekhaya naphesheya. Ngesikhathi sokuthutha, kuyadingeka ukugwema ukushayisana okunodlame, imvula nomswakama. 4. Ukulebula Okujwayelekile Wonke umthwalo womkhiqizo uphethwe ngokucophelela ulwazi lomkhiqizo njengobumsulwa bokukhubaza-oksijini, ubumsulwa, indawo ethile, usayizi wezimbotshana, inombolo yomthwalo wokukhiqiza kanye nempilo yeshalofu; ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngokwemibandela yemithetho yezimakethe ezahlukene zokuthunyelwa ngaphandle kanye nezindawo zokusebenzisa (ukudla, imithi), izilebula zezilimi eziningi kanye namashidi emininingwane yokuphepha (SDS) angakwenziwa ngokwezifiso ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhambisana namazinga okufinyelela emakethe endawo kanye nemithetho yokuphepha. V. Izindawo Zokusebenzisa Ezisebenzayo Lo mkhiqizo usetshenziswa kabanzi emkhakheni wezikhubazi-oksijini, uhlanganisa izimboni eziningi nezigameko ezidinga ukukhubaza-oksijini, ukuvimbela umswakama nokugcina: 1. Imboni Yokudla Isetshenziswa njengento esiza izikhubazi-oksijini zokudla, esebenza ezintweni ezibhakiwe, amantongomane, izithelo ezomisiwe, imikhiqizo yenyama, amaswidi, imikhiqizo yezinhlamvu namafutha, njll. Isiza izinto ezikhubaza-oksijini ukuthi zikwazi ukumunca umoya ngokushesha esikhwameni, ivimbele ukuguga kokudla, ukubola, ukushintsha umbala nokubola, yandise impilo yeshalofu yokudla izikhathi ezi-2-3, futhi igcine ukunambitheka kwasekuqaleni kanye nekhwalithi yokudla. 2. Imboni Yamaphilisi Isetshenziswa ezikhubazini-oksijini zokupakisha amaphilisi, okuhlanganisa amaphilisi, amakhasimende, izimpushana, imijovo nezinye izinto zamaphilisi. Ingakwazi ukususa kahle umoya esikhwameni, ivimbele izithako zamaphilisi ukuthi zingagugi futhi zingonakali, iqinisekise ukusebenza namazinga okuqina kwamaphilisi, futhi ihlangabezane nezidingo zekhwalithi eziqinile zemboni yamaphilisi. 3. Imboni Yokudla Kwezilwane Isetshenziswa njengento esiza izikhubazi-oksijini zokudla kwezilwane, esebenza ezinhlobonhlobo zokudla okuhlanganisiwe, izithako zokudla kwezilwane kanye nokudla kwezilwane zasemanzini. Ivimbela ukuguga kokudla kwezilwane, ukubola kanye nokulahlekelwa kwezakhamzimba ngesikhathi sokugcina, ithuthukisa ikhwalithi yokudla kwezilwane, futhi igwema izifo zezilwane ezibangelwa ukudla kwezilwane okubolile. 20. Imboni Yezinto Zikagesimende Namadivayisi Okunemba Isetshenziswa ezikhubazini-oksijini zezinto zikagesimende namadivayisi okunemba (njengama-chip, izinzwa, amamitha okunemba). Ayisusi kuphela umoya esikhwameni ukuze kuvinjelwe izingxenye zensimbi ukuthi zingagugi kodwa futhi inokusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokuvimbela umswakama, igweme ukulimala komswakama ezintweni zikagesimende namadivayisi okunemba, iqinisekise ukusebenza kwawo okujwayelekile kanye nempilo yeshalofu. VI. Isiphetho I-silicon dioxide ye-Shandong Zhonglian Chemistry eyenzelwe izikhubazi-oksijini ibekwe enhliziyweni ye-"ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kokukhubaza-oksijini, ukwandisa isikhathi sokugcina nokuqinisekisa ukuphepha komkhiqizo". Ngokusekelwe kubuchwepheshe bokulungiselela obusha, uhlelo oluqinile lokulawula ikhwalithi kanye nethimba lezobuchwepheshe elichwepheshile, ihlinzeka ngezixazululo eziyindawo eyodwa zezikhubazi-oksijini ezinkampanini zezimboni zokudla, zamaphilisi, zokudla kwezilwane, zikagesimende nezinye izimboni. Le nkampani izibophezele ekuthuthukiseni imboni yezikhubazi-oksijini ngemikhiqizo esezingeni eliphezulu futhi yamukela ngobuqotho imibuzo kanye nokubambisana okuvela kumakhasimende asekhaya naphesheya.