I. Isingeniso Somkhiqizo Lo mkhiqizo uyisikhubazi-oksijini esisebenza kakhulu esenziwe nge-silicon dioxide esithuthukiswe ngokuzimela yiShandong Zhonglian Chemistry Co., Ltd. Kuyinto esetshenziswa ngokwezifiso eyenzelwe ngokukhethekile izikhubazi-oksijini, ehlose ukuxazulula izinkinga eziyinhloko embonini yezikhubazi-oksijini: "umthamo onganele wokumunca umoya-mpilo obangelwa ukwakheka kwezimbotshana okungalungile, impilo emfushane ngenxa yokumelana nomswakama okungalungile, nomphumela wokukhubaza-oksijini ongalingani ngenxa yokusabalala okungalungile". Ngokusekelwe ekulawuleni okunembayo kosayizi wezingxenye ze-nano kanye nokwakheka kwezimbotshana, kuhlanganiswe nezinqubo zokulungiselela ezithuthukisiwe njengendlela ye-sol-gel kanye nobuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe bokugaya ngomoya, lo mkhiqizo awuxazululi kuphela izinkinga eziyinhloko ze-silicon dioxide yakudala ekusetshenzisweni kwezikhubazi-oksijini kodwa futhi unokusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokusiza ukumunca umoya-mpilo, ukumelana nomswakama, nokuzinza kwezakhiwo. Usasetshenziswa kabanzi ekudleni, emithini, ekudleni kwezilwane, ezintweni zikagesi, kumishini enembayo nezinye izindawo ezidinga ukukhubaza-oksijini nokugcina, futhi uthunyelwa eYurophu, eMelika, eNingizimu-mpumalanga Asia naseMiddle East kanye nezinye izimakethe zamazwe ngamazwe. II. Izinzuzo Eziyinhloko Zomkhiqizo 1. Ukwakheka Kwezimbotshana Okuthuthukisiwe kanye Nomthamo Omkhulu Wokusiza Ukumunca Umoya-mpilo Lo mkhiqizo unendawo ethile eyanele (≥400 m²/g) kanye nokwakheka kwezimbotshana okulawulekayo (ububanzi bezimbotshana 3-60 nm), ongakwazi ukumunca kahle umswakama emoyeni ngenkathi uhlinzeka ngesikhundla esizinzile sezinto ezikhubaza-oksijini (njenge-iron powder, i-activated carbon), kuthuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza nomthamo wokumunca umoya-mpilo wesikhubazi-oksijini. Indlela yayo eyinhloko isekelwe ekusebenziseni indlela ye-template kanye nendlela ye-sol-gel ethuthukisiwe ukulawula ngokunembayo inqubo yokuqala nokukhula kwamakristalu e-silica, ukufeza ukufanisana okunembayo komthamo wezimbotshana nokusatshalaliswa kwezimbotshana nezinhlelo ezahlukene zezikhubazi-oksijini. Lokhu kuthuthukisa ngempumelelo indawo yokuxhumana phakathi kwezinto ezikhubaza-oksijini nomoya-mpilo, kusheshe isivinini sokuphendula sokukhubaza-oksijini, futhi kuqinisekise umphumela osheshayo nowuphelele wokukhubaza-oksijini. 2. Ubumsulwa Obuphezulu Nokumelana Nomswakama Okuhle Kakhulu Ngokulandela ngokuqinile izidingo eziphakeme zezinto ezisiza izikhubazi-oksijini, lo mkhiqizo unobumsulwa obungu-≥99% kanye nokuqukethwe okuphansi kakhulu kwezinto ezingcolile (insimbi esindayo i-lead ≤0.001%, i-arsenic ≤0.0003%), okuhambisana ngokuphelele namazinga kazwelonke okudla, amabanga emithi kanye namazinga aphezulu amazwe ngamazwe. Yonke inqubo yokukhiqiza isebenzisa ukuvikelwa ngegazi elingenamoya kanye nobuchwepheshe bokulungiselela izinto zokusetshenziswa eziphakeme kakhulu, okugwema ngokuyisisekelo ukungena kwezinhlayiya ezingcolile ezingathinta umphumela wokukhubaza-oksijini noma zibangele ukungcola. Inokumelana nomswakama okuhle kakhulu kanye nokuzinza kwemvelo, ingagcina ubuqotho bezakhiwo endaweni enomswakama (umswakama ohlobene ≤80%), ayimunci umswakama futhi ayihlangani, futhi iqinisekisa ngempumelelo ukusebenza okuzinzile kwesikhathi eside kwesikhubazi-oksijini. 3. Ukusabalala Okuhle Kakhulu kanye Nokuhambisana Nezinto Ezikhubaza-oksijini Ngokuncika ekusatshalalisweni kosayizi wezingxenye ze-nano okuthuthukisiwe (D50=2-12 μm) kanye nobuchwepheshe bokuguqula ubuso, lo mkhiqizo unokusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokusabalala futhi ungahlanganiswa ngokulinganayo nezinto ezahlukene ezikhubaza-oksijini (njenge-iron powder, i-activated carbon, i-zeolite, njll.). Ingakha uhlelo lokusabalala oluzinzile ngezinto ezikhubaza-oksijini, igweme ngempumelelo ukuhlanganiswa kwezinto ezikhubaza-oksijini ngesikhathi sokugcina nokusebenzisa, iqinisekise ukuthi zonke izinto ezikhubaza-oksijini zingathintana ngokugcwele nomoya-mpilo. Kuthuthukisa izinga lokusetshenziswa kwezinto ezikhubaza-oksijini ngaphezu kuka-35%, futhi kuqinisekisa ukulingana nokuzinza komphumela wokukhubaza-oksijini kuyo yonke indawo yokupakisha. 4. Amandla Okwenza Ngokwezifiso Avumelayo Isekela izinsizakalo zokwenza ngokwezifiso ezibhekiswe kumapharamitha abalulekile njengosayizi wezingxenye (2-100 μm), indawo ethile (300-900 m²/g) kanye nokwakheka kwezimbotshana (3-100 nm). Ngokwezici zenqubo kanye nezidingo zokusebenza zezimo ezahlukene zokusebenzisa izikhubazi-oksijini (njengokupakisha ukudla, ukupakisha imithi, ukugcina izinto zikagesi, ukugcina izifuyo), ihlinzeka ngezixazululo zomkhiqizo ezivumelana kakhulu. Ngokwesibonelo, ezikhubazini-oksijini zokudla, ingenza ngokwezifiso i-silica enosayizi wezingxenye ezinhle, enobumsulwa obuphezulu ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha nokusabalala; ezikhubazini-oksijini zezinto zikagesi, inganikeza imikhiqizo evimbela umswakama futhi ezinzile kakhulu ukugwema ukulimala komswakama ezintweni zikagesi. 5. Isiqinisekiso Sesevisi Yezobuchwepheshe Yesigaba Esigcwele Inikeza ukwesekwa kwezobuchwepheshe okuyindawo eyodwa okuhlanganisa ngaphambi kokuthengisa, ngesikhathi sokuthengisa, nangemva kokuthengisa. Ngaphambi kokuthengisa, inganikeza izinsizakalo zokuhlola amasampula enziwe ngokwezifiso kanye nokuhlola ukusebenza kokukhubaza-oksijini; ngesikhathi sokuthengisa, ihlinzeka ngesiqondiso sezobuchwepheshe esihlobene nesilinganiso sokuhlanganisa sezinto ezikhubaza-oksijini ne-silica, kanye nesiqondiso senqubo yokusebenzisa; ngemva kokuthengisa, ithimba lochwepheshe le-R&D lilandelela umphumela wokusebenzisa, lixazulule izinkinga zobuchwepheshe njengokuncipha kokusebenza kokukhubaza-oksijini nokuhlanganiswa, futhi luthuthukise amapharamitha omkhiqizo ngokusekelwe empendulweni yomsebenzisi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuphezulu kwezikhubazi-oksijini. III. Isiqinisekiso Samandla Okukhiqiza I-Shandong Zhonglian Chemistry Co., Ltd., eyasungulwa ngo-2022, iyibhizinisi lobuchwepheshe obuphezulu eligxile ku-R&D kanye nokukhiqizwa kwezinto zamakhemikhali eziphakeme, enamalungelo okungenisa nokuthekelisa azimele kanye nezitifiketi eziningi (kuhlanganise nesitifiketi somkhiqizo wokudla, isitifiketi somkhiqizo wemithi). Le nkampani inezimvume ezimbili eziyinhloko emkhakheni wokulungiswa kwe-silica, okuhlanganisa idivayisi yokugaya ngomoya ephezulu yokukhiqiza i-silica kanye nohlelo oluhlakaniphile lokuthuthukisa izinqubo zokuphendula nge-electrochemical, ihlinzeka ngokwesekwa okuqinile kwezobuchwepheshe ekuthuthukisweni kwekhwalithi yomkhiqizo. Isisekelo sokukhiqiza samukela ukulawulwa kwenqubo ecokisekile, sihlinzekwa ngemishini yokuhlola ethuthukisiwe njenge-laser particle size analyzers, i-specific surface area and pore size analyzers, kanye ne-X-ray fluorescence spectrometers, futhi siye sakha izinqubo zokuhlola ezigcwele eziyi-18 ezihlanganisa ukuhlanzwa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa, ukuhlanganiswa kwesikhashana kuze kube ukuhlolwa komkhiqizo oqediwe. Ithole isitifiketi sohlelo lokuphatha ikhwalithi lwe-ISO9001 kanye nesitifiketi sokuphepha sokudla, siqaphela ukulawulwa okujwayelekile kuyo yonke iketango kusukela ku-R&D, ukukhiqiza kuze kube ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi. IV. Izincazelo Zokupakisha Nokuthutha 1. Izincazelo Zokupakisha Ezijwayelekile Ukusebenzisa umklamo wokupakisha ojwayelekile ohambisana nezidingo zokupakisha zokudla namabanga emithi, ihlinzeka ngezinketho zokupakisha izikhwama eziyi-25kg ze-kraft paper composite kanye nezimbiza zensimbi eziyi-50kg ezihlanganisiwe ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezahlukene zezinani le-oda nezokuthutha. Izinto zokupakisha zenziwe ngezinto ezingenasici, ezinganobuthi futhi ezingangcoli ukuze kugwenywe ukusabela kwamakhemikhali nomkhiqizo futhi kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha nokumsulwa komkhiqizo. 2. Umklamo Ochwepheshe Wokuvimbela Umswakama Nokuvimbela Ukungcola Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuzinza komkhiqizo ngesikhathi sokuthutha nokugcina, kusetshenziswa isixazululo sokuvikela esiphindwe kabili: ungqimba lwangaphakathi lusebenzisa ifilimu ye-PE yokudla enobubanzi obungu-≥0.08mm ukuze kuvalwe umswakama, kanti ungqimba lwangaphandle lusebenzisa izikhwama ezilukiwe eziqinile noma izimbiza zensimbi ezihlanganisiwe ukuze kuvikelwe ukungashayi nokungcola. Kwimikhiqizo ethunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, kusetshenziswa ukupakisha kwe-vacuum + ukuthunyelwa kwesitsha ukuze kugwenywe ukungena komswakama nokungcola okuhlangene ngesikhathi sokuthutha ibanga elide, kuqinisekisa ukuthi umkhiqizo ugcina ukusebenza kwawo kwasekuqaleni lapho ufika kumakhasimende. 3. Izidingo Zokugcina Nokuthutha - Izimo zokugcina: Kufanele zigcinwe endaweni epholile, eyomile futhi enomoya omuhle, kugwenywe ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu (≥40℃) kanye nendawo enomswakama (umswakama ohlobene ≤70%), futhi kufanele zigcinwe ngokuhlukile nezinto ezikhubaza-oksijini, izinsipho ezinamandla kanye ne-alkalis; - Impilo yeshalofu: izinyanga ezingama-36 ngaphansi kwezimo zokugcina ezifanele; - Izici zokuthutha: Lo mkhiqizo uyikhemikhali engabanga ubungozi, usekela ukuthunyelwa ngolwandle, ngomhlaba, ngomoya nezinye izindlela zokuthutha, futhi ungadluliselwa ngokuphepha ezindaweni ezichazwe ngamakhasimende asekhaya naphesheya. Ngesikhathi sokuthutha, kuyadingeka ukugwema ukushayisana okunodlame, imvula nomswakama. 4. Ukulebula Okujwayelekile Wonke umthwalo womkhiqizo uphethwe ngokucacile ngolwazi lomkhiqizo njengobumsulwa, indawo ethile, usayizi wezimbotshana, inombolo yomthwalo wokukhiqiza kanye nempilo yeshalofu; ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngokwemibandela yemithetho yezimakethe ezahlukene zokuthekelisa kanye nezindawo zokusebenzisa (ukudla, imithi), izilebula zezilimi eziningi kanye namashidi emininingwane yokuphepha (SDS) angakwenziwa ngokwezifiso ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhambisana namazinga okufinyelela emakethe endawo kanye nemithetho yokuphepha. V. Izindawo Zokusebenzisa Ezisebenzayo Lo mkhiqizo usetshenziswa kabanzi emkhakheni wezikhubazi-oksijini, uhlanganisa izimboni eziningi nezinye izimo ezidinga ukukhubaza-oksijini, ukuvimbela umswakama nokugcina: 1. Imboni Yokudla Isetshenziswa njengento esiza izikhubazi-oksijini zokudla, esebenza ezintweni ezibhakiwe, amantongomane, izithelo ezomisiwe, imikhiqizo yenyama, amaswidi, imikhiqizo yezinhlamvu namafutha, njll. Isiza izinto ezikhubaza-oksijini ukuthi zikwazi ukumunca umoya-mpilo ngokushesha esikhwameni, igweme ukubola kokudla, ukubola, ukushintsha umbala nokubola, yandise impilo yeshalofu yokudla izikhathi ezi-2-3, futhi igcine ukunambitheka kwasekuqaleni kanye nekhwalithi yokudla. 2. Imboni Yemithi Isetshenziswa ezikhubazini-oksijini zokupakisha imithi, okuhlanganisa amaphilisi, amakhepsuli, izimpushana, imijovo neminye imikhiqizo yemithi. Ingakwazi ukususa ngempumelelo umoya-mpilo esikhwameni, igweme izithako zemithi ukuthi zibole futhi zonakale, iqinisekise ukusebenza nokuzinza kwemithi, futhi ihlangabezane nezidingo zekhwalithi eziqinile zemboni yemithi. 3. Imboni Yokudla Kwezilwane Isetshenziswa njengento esiza izikhubazi-oksijini zokudla kwezilwane, esebenza ezinhlobonhlobo zezifuyo ezihlanganisiwe, izithako zokudla kwezilwane kanye nezifuyo zasemanzini. Ivimbela ukubola kokudla kwezilwane, ukubola kanye nokulahleka kwezinto ezibalulekile ngesikhathi sokugcina, ithuthukisa ikhwalithi yokudla kwezilwane, futhi igwema izifo zezilwane ezibangelwa ukudla kwezilwane okubolile. 43. Imboni Yezinto Zikagesi Nemishini Enembayo Isetshenziswa ezikhubazini-oksijini zezinto zikagesi nemishini enembayo (njengezichiphu, izinzwa, imitha enembayo). Ayisusi kuphela umoya-mpilo esikhwameni ukuze kugwenywe ukugqwala kwezingxenye zensimbi kodwa futhi inokusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokuvimbela umswakama, igweme ukulimala komswakama ezintweni zikagesi nemishini enembayo, iqinisekise ukusebenza kwayo okujwayelekile kanye nempilo yeshalofu. VI. Isiphetho I-silicon dioxide ye-Shandong Zhonglian Chemistry ye-deoxidizer-grade ibekwe enkabeni ye-"ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kokukhubaza-oksijini, ukwandisa isikhathi sokugcina nokuqinisekisa ukuphepha komkhiqizo". Ngokuncika kubuchwepheshe bokulungiselela obusha, uhlelo oluqinile lokulawula ikhwalithi kanye nethimba lezobuchwepheshe elichwepheshile, ihlinzeka ngezixazululo eziyindawo eyodwa ezisiza izikhubazi-oksijini ezinkampanini ezimbonini zokudla, zemithi, zezifuyo, zikagesi nezinye izimboni. Le nkampani izibophezele ekuthuthukiseni imboni yezikhubazi-oksijini ngemikhiqizo esezingeni eliphezulu futhi yamukela ngobuqotho imibuzo kanye nokubambisana okuvela kumakhasimende asekhaya naphesheya.