I. Isingeniso Somkhiqizo Lo mkhiqizo uyisikhubazi-oksijini esisebenza kakhulu esenziwe nge-silicon dioxide, esenziwe ngokuzimela yiShandong Zhonglian Chemistry Co., Ltd. Kuyinto esetshenziswa ngokwezifiso eyenzelwe ngokukhethekile izikhubazi-oksijini, ehlose ukuxazulula izinkinga eziyinhloko embonini yezikhubazi-oksijini: "umthamo ongaphansi wokumunca umoya-mpilo obangelwa ukwakheka kwezimbotshana okungalungile, impilo emfushane ngenxa yokumelana nomswakama okungalungile, kanye nomphumela wokukhubaza i-oksijini ongalingani ngenxa yokusabalala okungalungile". Ngokusekelwe ekulawuleni okunembayo kosayizi wezingxenye ze-nano kanye nokwakheka kwezimbotshana, kuhlanganiswe nezinqubo zokulungiselela ezithuthukile njengendlela ye-sol-gel kanye nobuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe bokugaya ngomoya, lo mkhiqizo awuxazululi kuphela izinkinga eziyinhloko ze-silicon dioxide yakudala ekusetshenzisweni kwezikhubazi-oksijini, kodwa futhi unokusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokusiza ukumunca umoya-mpilo, ukumelana nomswakama, nokuqina kwezakhiwo. Usasetshenziswa kabanzi ekudleni, emithini, ekudleni kwezilwane, ezikagesi, kumishini enembayo nezinye izindawo ezidinga ukukhubaza i-oksijini nokugcina, futhi uthunyelwa eYurophu, eMelika, eNingizimu-mpumalanga Asia naseMiddle East kanye nezinye izimakethe zamazwe ngamazwe. II. Izinzuzo Eziyinhloko Zomkhiqizo 1. Ukwakheka Kwezimbotshana Okuthuthukisiwe kanye Nomthamo Omkhulu Wokusiza Ukumunca Umoya-mpilo Lo mkhiqizo unendawo eqondile (≥400 m²/g) kanye nokwakheka kwezimbotshana okungalawulwa (ububanzi bezimbotshana 3-60 nm), okungakwazi ukumunca kahle umswakama emoyeni ngenkathi kuhlinzekwa ngesithwali esiqinile sezinto ezikhubaza i-oksijini (njengempuphu yensimbi, i-activated carbon), kuthuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kahle komthamo wokumunca umoya-mpilo wesikhubazi-oksijini. Indlela yayo eyinhloko isekelwe ekusebenziseni indlela ye-template kanye nendlela ye-sol-gel ethuthukisiwe ukulawula ngokunembayo inqubo yokuqala nokukhula kwamatshe amatshe e-silica, ukufeza ukufanisana okunembayo komthamo wezimbotshana nokusatshalaliswa kobubanzi bezimbotshana nezinye izinhlelo zezikhubazi-oksijini. Lokhu kuthuthukisa ngempumelelo indawo yokuxhumana phakathi kwezinto ezikhubaza i-oksijini nomoya-mpilo, kusheshe isivinini sokuphendula sokukhubaza i-oksijini, futhi kuqinisekise umphumela osheshayo nowonke wokukhubaza i-oksijini. 2. Ukuhlanzeka Okuphezulu Nokumelana Nomswakama Okuhle Kakhulu Ngokulandela ngokuqinile izidingo eziphakeme kakhulu zezinto ezisiza izikhubazi-oksijini, lo mkhiqizo unokuhlanzeka okungu-≥99% kanye nokuqukethwe okuphansi kakhulu kwezinto ezingcolile (insimbi esindayo lead ≤0.001%, arsenic ≤0.0003%), okuhambisana ngokuphelele namazinga okudla okuphezulu, imithi, kanye namazinga aphezulu omhlaba. Yonke inqubo yokukhiqiza isebenzisa ukuvikelwa ngegazi elingasebenzi kanye nobuchwepheshe bokulungiselela izinto ezingavuthiwe eziphakeme kakhulu, okugwema ngokuyisisekelo ukungena kwezinhlayiya ezingcolile ezingathinta umphumela wokukhubaza i-oksijini noma zibangele ukungcola. Inokumelana nomswakama okuhle kakhulu nokuqina kwemvelo, ingagcina ubuqotho bezakhiwo endaweni enomswakama (umswakama ohlobene ≤80%), ayimunci umswakama futhi ayihlangani, futhi iqinisekisa ngempumelelo ukusebenza okuzinzile kwesikhathi eside kwesikhubazi-oksijini. 3. Ukusabalala Okuhle Kakhulu kanye Nokuhambisana Nezinto Ezikhubaza i-Oksijini Ngokuncika ekusabalaleni kosayizi wezingxenye ze-nano okuthuthukisiwe (D50=2-12 μm) kanye nobuchwepheshe bokuguqula ubuso, lo mkhiqizo unokusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokusabalala futhi ungahlanganiswa ngokulinganayo nezingxenye ezahlukahlukene ezikhubaza i-oksijini (njengempuphu yensimbi, i-activated carbon, i-zeolite, njll.). Ingakha uhlelo lokusabalala oluqinile nezingxenye ezikhubaza i-oksijini, igweme ngempumelelo ukuhlanganiswa kwezinto ezikhubaza i-oksijini ngesikhathi sokugcina nokusebenzisa, iqinisekise ukuthi zonke izingxenye ezikhubaza i-oksijini zingathintana ngokugcwele nomoya-mpilo. Kuthuthukisa izinga lokusetshenziswa kwezinto ezikhubaza i-oksijini ngaphezu kuka-35%, futhi kuqinisekisa ukulingana nokuqina komphumela wokukhubaza i-oksijini kuso sonke isikhala sokupakisha. 4. Amandla Okwenza Ngokwezifiso Avumelayo Kweseka izinsizakalo zokwenza ngokwezifiso ezibhekiswe kubantu ngamunye kumapharamitha abalulekile njengosayizi wezingxenye (2-100 μm), indawo eqondile (300-900 m²/g) kanye nokwakheka kwezimbotshana (3-100 nm). Ngokwezici zenqubo nezidingo zokusebenza zezimo ezahlukahlukene zokusebenzisa izikhubazi-oksijini (njengokupakisha ukudla, ukupakisha imithi, ukugcina izinto zikagesi, ukugcina ukudla kwezilwane), kuhlinzekwa ngezixazululo zomkhiqizo ezivumelana kakhulu. Ngokwesibonelo, ezikhubazini-oksijini zokudla, kungakwazi ukwenza ngokwezifiso i-silica enosayizi omncane wezingxenye, ehlanzekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha nokusabalala; ezikhubazini-oksijini zezinto zikagesi, kungahlinzekwa ngemikhiqizo evikela umswakama futhi eqine kakhulu ukugwema ukulimala komswakama ezintweni zikagesi. 5. Isiqinisekiso Sesevisi Yezobuchwepheshe Yesikhathi Esigcwele Kuhlinzekwa ngosekelo lobuchwepheshe olulodwa oluhlanganisa ngaphambi kokuthengisa, ngesikhathi sokuthengisa, nangemva kokuthengisa. Ngaphambi kokuthengisa, kungahlinzekwa ngezinsizakalo zokuhlola amasampula enziwe ngokwezifiso kanye nokuhlola ukusebenza kokukhubaza i-oksijini; ngesikhathi sokuthengisa, kuhlinzekwa ngesiqondiso sobuchwepheshe esihambini sokuxuba izinto ezikhubaza i-oksijini ne-silica, kanye nesiqondiso senqubo yokusebenzisa; ngemva kokuthengisa, ithimba lochwepheshe le-R&D lilandela umphumela wokusebenzisa, lixazulula izinkinga zobuchwepheshe njengokuncipha kokusebenza kokukhubaza i-oksijini nokuhlanganiswa, futhi luthuthukisa amapharamitha omkhiqizo ngokusekelwe kumpendulo yomsebenzisi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuphelele kwesikhubazi-oksijini. III. Isiqinisekiso Samandla Okukhiqiza I-Shandong Zhonglian Chemistry Co., Ltd., eyasungulwa ngo-2022, iyibhizinisi lobuchwepheshe obuphezulu eligxile ku-R&D kanye nokukhiqizwa kwezinto zamakhemikhali eziphezulu, enamalungelo okungenisa nokuthekelisa azimele kanye nezitifiketi eziningi (kuhlanganise nesitifiketi somkhiqizo wokudla, imithi). Le nkampani inezimvume ezimbili eziyinhloko emkhakheni wokulungiselela i-silica, okuhlanganisa idivayisi yokugaya ngomoya ephezulu yokukhiqiza i-silica kanye nohlelo lokuthuthukisa oluhlakaniphile lwezinqubo zokuphendula nge-electrochemical, okuhlinzeka ngosekelo oluqinile lobuchwepheshe lokuqhubekisela phambili ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo. Isisekelo sokukhiqiza samukela ukulawulwa kwenqubo ecolekile, sihlinzekwa ngemishini yokuhlola ethuthukile njenge-laser particle size analyzers, specific surface area and pore size analyzers, kanye ne-X-ray fluorescence spectrometers, futhi senze izinqubo zokuhlola ezigcwele eziyi-18 ezihlanganisa ukuhlanzwa kwezinto ezingavuthiwe, ukuhlanganiswa kwesikhashana kuze kube ukuhlolwa komkhiqizo oqediwe. Ithole isitifiketi sohlelo lokuphatha ikhwalithi lwe-ISO9001 kanye nesitifiketi sokuphepha sokudla, siqaphela ukulawulwa okujwayelekile kuyo yonke imiqulu kusuka ku-R&D, ukukhiqiza kuze kube ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi. IV. Izincazelo Zokupakisha Nokuthutha 1. Izincazelo Zokupakisha Ezijwayelekile Ukusebenzisa umklamo wokupakisha ojwayelekile ohambisana nezidingo zokupakisha zokudla nemithi, kuhlinzekwa ngezinketho zokupakisha izikhwama zephepha le-kraft eziyi-25kg kanye nezimbiza zensimbi ezihlanganisiwe eziyi-50kg ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezahlukahlukene zezinamba zama-oda nezokuthutha. Izinto zokupakisha zenziwe ngezinto ezingasebenzi, ezinganobuthi futhi ezingangcoli ukuze kugwenywe ukuxhumana namakhemikhali nomkhiqizo futhi kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha nokuhlanzeka komkhiqizo. 2. Umklamo Ochwepheshe Wokuvikela Umswakama Nokungcola Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuqina komkhiqizo ngesikhathi sokuthutha nokugcina, kusebenziswa isixazululo sokuvikela esiphindwe kabili: umngcele wangaphakathi usebenzisa ifilimu ye-PE yokudla enobubanzi obungu-≥0.08mm ukuze kuvalwe umswakama, kanti umngcele wangaphandle usebenzisa izikhwama ezilukiwe eziqinile noma izimbiza zensimbi ezihlanganisiwe ukuze kuvikelwe ukushayisana nokungcola. Emikhiqizweni ethekeliswayo, kusetshenziswa ukupakisha kwe-vacuum + ukuthunyelwa kwesitsha ukuze kugwenywe ukungena komswakama nokungcola okuhlangene ngesikhathi sokuthutha ibanga elide, kuqinisekiswe ukuthi umkhiqizo ugcina ukusebenza kwawo kwasekuqaleni lapho ufika kumakhasimende. 3. Izidingo Zokugcina Nokuthutha - Izimo zokugcina: Kufanele zigcinwe endaweni epholile, eyomile futhi enomoya omuhle, kugwenywe ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu (≥40℃) kanye nemvelo enomswakama (umswakama ohlobene ≤70%), futhi kufanele kugcinwe ngokuhlukile nezinto ezibangela ukubola, izinsipho ezinamandla kanye ne-alkalis; - Impilo yeshalofu: izinyanga ezingama-36 ngaphansi kwezimo zokugcina ezifanele; - Izici zokuthutha: Lo mkhiqizo uyikhemikhali engadali ubungozi, usekela ukuthunyelwa ngolwandle, ngomhlaba, ngomoya nezinye izindlela zokuthutha, futhi ungadluliselwa ngokuphepha ezindaweni ezibekwe ngamakhasimende asekhaya naphesheya. Ngesikhathi sokuthutha, kuyadingeka ukugwema ukushayisana okunodlame, imvula nomswakama. 4. Ukulebula Okujwayelekile Wonke umthwalo womkhiqizo uphethwe ngokucacile ngolwazi lomkhiqizo njengobuntu besikhubazi-oksijini, ukuhlanzeka, indawo eqondile, ububanzi bezimbotshana, inombolo yomthwalo wokukhiqiza kanye nempilo yeshalofu; ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngokwemibandela yemithetho yezimakethe ezahlukahlukene zokuthekelisa kanye nezindawo zokusebenzisa (ukudla, imithi), kungakwazi ukwenziwa ngokwezifiso amalebula emilimi eminingi kanye namashidi emininingwane yokuphepha (SDS) ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhambisana namazinga okufinyelela emakethe endawo kanye nemithetho yokuphepha. V. Izindawo Zokusebenzisa Ezisebenzayo Lo mkhiqizo usetshenziswa kabanzi emkhakheni wezikhubazi-oksijini, uhlanganisa izimboni eziningi nezinye izimo ezidinga ukukhubaza i-oksijini, ukuvimbela umswakama nokugcina: 1. Imboni Yokudla Kusetshenziswa njengento esiza izikhubazi-oksijini zokudla, okusebenzayo ezintweni ezibhakiwe, amantongomane, izithelo ezomisiwe, imikhiqizo yenyama, amaswidi, imikhiqizo yezinhlamvu namafutha, njll. Kuthuthukisa izinto ezikhubaza i-oksijini ukuthi zikwazi ukumunca ngokushesha umoya-mpilo esikhwameni, kugwenywe ukubola kokudla, ukubola, ukushintsha umbala kanye nokubola, kwandiswe impilo yokudla izikhathi ezi-2-3, futhi kugcinwe ukunambitheka kwasekuqaleni kanye nekhwalithi yokudla. 2. Imboni Yemithi Kusetshenziswa ezikhubazini-oksijini zokupakisha imithi, okuhlanganisa amaphilisi, amakhasimende, izimpuphu, imijovo nezinye izimpahla zemithi. Kungakwazi ukususa ngempumelelo umoya-mpilo esikhwameni, kugwenywe izithako zemithi ukuthi zibole futhi zonakale, kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kahle nokuqina kwemithi, futhi kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zekhwalithi eziqinile zemboni yemithi. 3. Imboni Yokudla Kwezilwane Kusetshenziswa njengento esiza izikhubazi-oksijini zokudla kwezilwane, okusebenzayo ezinhlobonhlobo zokudla okuhlanganisiwe, izithako zokudla kwezilwane kanye nokudla kwezilwane zasemanzini. Kuvimbela ukubola kokudla kwezilwane, ukubola kanye nokulahlekelwa kwezakhamzimba ngesikhathi sokugcina, kuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokudla kwezilwane, futhi kugwenywe izifo zezilwane ezibangelwa ukudla kwezilwane okubolile. 30. Imboni Yezikagesi Nemishini Enembayo Kusetshenziswa ezikhubazini-oksijini zezinto zikagesi nemishini enembayo (njengezinhlamvu, izinzwa, imitha enembayo). Akugcini nje ngokukhipha umoya-mpilo esikhwameni ukuze kugwenywe ukubola kwezingxenye zensimbi, kodwa futhi kunezinga elihle kakhulu lokuvimbela umswakama, kugwenywe ukulimala komswakama ezintweni zikagesi nemishini enembayo, kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kwazo okujwayelekile kanye nempilo. VI. Isiphetho I-silicon dioxide ye-Shandong Zhonglian Chemistry eyenzelwe izikhubazi-oksijini ibekwe enkabeni yokuthi "kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kokukhubaza i-oksijini, kwandiswe isikhathi sokugcina, futhi kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha komkhiqizo". Ngokuncika kubuchwepheshe bokulungiselela obusha, uhlelo oluqinile lokulawula ikhwalithi kanye nethimba lezinsizakalo zobuchwepheshe, kuhlinzekwa ngezixazululo eziphelele zezikhubazi-oksijini ezisiza izinkampani ezimbonini zokudla, zemithi, zezilwane, zikagesi nezinye izimboni. Le nkampani izibophezele ekuthuthukiseni imboni yezikhubazi-oksijini ngemikhiqizo esezingeni eliphezulu futhi yamukela ngobuqotho imibuzo kanye nokubambisana okuvela kumakhasimende asekhaya naphesheya.