I. Isingeniso Somkhiqizo Lo mkhiqizo uyisikhubazi-oksijini esisebenza kakhulu esenziwe nge-silicon dioxide esithuthukiswe ngokuzimela yiShandong Zhonglian Chemistry Co., Ltd. Kuyinto esetshenziswa ngokwezifiso eyenzelwe ngokukhethekile izikhubazi-oksijini, ehlose ukuxazulula izinkinga eziyinhloko embonini yezikhubazi-oksijini: "umthamo onganele wokumunca umoya obangelwa ukwakheka kwezimbotshana okungalungile, impilo emfushane ngenxa yokumelana nomswakama okungalungile, nomphumela wokukhubaza-oksijini ongalingani ngenxa yokusabalala okungalungile". Ngokusekelwe ekulawuleni okunembayo kosayizi wamapharele e-nano nesakhiwo sezimbotshana, kuhlanganiswe nezinqubo zokulungiselela ezithuthukisiwe njengendlela ye-sol-gel kanye nobuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe bokugaya ngomoya, lo mkhiqizo awuxazululi kuphela izinkinga eziyinhloko ze-silicon dioxide yakudala ekusetshenzisweni kwezikhubazi-oksijini kodwa futhi unokusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokusiza ukumunca umoya, ukumelana nomswakama, nokuqina kwesakhiwo. Isetshenziswa kabanzi ekudleni, emithini, ekudleni kwezilwane, ezintweni zikagesimende, kumishini enembayo nezinye izindawo ezidinga ukukhubaza-oksijini nokugcina, futhi ithunyelwa eYurophu, eMelika, eNingizimu-mpumalanga Asia naseMiddle East kanye nezinye izimakethe zamazwe omhlaba. II. Izinzuzo Eziyinhloko Zomkhiqizo 1. Isakhiwo Sezimbotshana Esithuthukisiwe kanye Nomthamo Omkhulu Wokusiza Ukumunca Umoya Lo mkhiqizo unendawo eqondile (≥400 m²/g) kanye nesakhiwo sezimbotshana esilawulwayo (ububanzi bezimbotshana 3-60 nm), esingakwazi ukumunca kahle umswakama emoyeni ngenkathi sihlinzeka ngesisekelo esiqinile sezinto ezikhubaza-oksijini (njengomgqomo wensimbi, ikhaboni elisebenzayo), sithuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza nomthamo wokumunca umoya wesikhubazi-oksijini. Indlela yayo eyinhloko isekelwe ekusebenziseni indlela ye-template kanye nendlela ye-sol-gel ethuthukisiwe ukulawula ngokunembayo inqubo yokuqala nokukhula kwamakristalu e-silica, ukufeza ukufanisana okunembayo komthamo wezimbotshana nokusatshalaliswa kobubanzi bezimbotshana nezinye izinhlelo zezikhubazi-oksijini. Lokhu kuthuthukisa ngempumelelo indawo yokuxhumana phakathi kwezinto ezikhubaza-oksijini nomoya, kushesisa izinga lokuphendula lokukhubaza-oksijini, futhi kuqinisekisa umphumela osheshayo noqotho wokukhubaza-oksijini. 2. Ukuhlanzeka Okuphezulu Nokumelana Nomswakama Okuhle Kakhulu Ngokulandela ngokuqinile izidingo eziphakeme kakhulu zezinto ezisiza izikhubazi-oksijini, lo mkhiqizo unokuhlanzeka okungu-≥99% kanye nokuqukethwe okuphansi kakhulu kwezinto ezingcolile (insimbi esindayo lead ≤0.001%, arsenic ≤0.0003%), okuhambisana ngokuphelele namazinga okudla okuphezulu, imithi, kanye namazinga aphezulu amazwe omhlaba. Yonke inqubo yokukhiqiza isebenzisa ukuvikelwa ngegazi elingenamoya kanye nobuchwepheshe bokulungiselela izinto ezingavuthiwe eziphakeme kakhulu, okugwema ngokuyisisekelo ukungena kwezinhlayiya ezingcolile ezingathinta umphumela wokukhubaza-oksijini noma zibangele ukungcola. Inokumelana nomswakama okuhle kakhulu nokuqina kwemvelo, ingagcina ubuqotho besakhiwo endaweni enomswakama (umswakama ohlobene ≤80%), ayimunci umswakama futhi ayihlangani, futhi iqinisekisa ngempumelelo ukusebenza okuzinzile kwesikhathi eside kwesikhubazi-oksijini. 3. Ukusabalala Okuhle Kakhulu Nokuhambisana Nezinto Ezikhubaza-oksijini Ngokusekelwe ekusabalaleni kosayizi wamapharele e-nano okuthuthukisiwe (D50=2-12 μm) kanye nobuchwepheshe bokuguqula ubuso, lo mkhiqizo unokusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokusabalala futhi ungahlanganiswa ngokulinganayo nezingxenye ezahlukahlukene ezikhubaza-oksijini (njengomgqomo wensimbi, ikhaboni elisebenzayo, i-zeolite, njll.). Ingakha uhlelo lokusabalala oluqinile nezingxenye ezikhubaza-oksijini, igweme ngempumelelo ukuhlanganiswa kwezingxenye ezikhubaza-oksijini ngesikhathi sokugcina nokusebenzisa, iqinisekisa ukuthi ingxenye ngayinye ekhubaza-oksijini ingathintana ngokugcwele nomoya. Ithuthukisa izinga lokusetshenziswa kwezingxenye ezikhubaza-oksijini ngaphezu kuka-35%, futhi iqinisekisa ukulingana nokuqina komphumela wokukhubaza-oksijini kuso sonke isikhala sokupakisha. 4. Amandla Okwenza Ngokwezifiso Avumelayo Isekela izinsizakalo zokwenza ngokwezifiso ezibhekiswe kumapharamitha abalulekile njengosayizi wamapharele (2-100 μm), indawo eqondile (300-900 m²/g) kanye nesakhiwo sezimbotshana (3-100 nm). Ngokwezici zenqubo nezidingo zokusebenza zezimo ezahlukahlukene zokusebenzisa izikhubazi-oksijini (njengokupakisha ukudla, ukupakisha imithi, ukugcina izinto zikagesimende, ukugcina izinto zokudla kwezilwane), ihlinzeka ngezixazululo zomkhiqizo ezihambisana kakhulu. Isibonelo, ezikhubazini-oksijini zokudla, ingenza ngokwezifiso i-silica enosayizi wamapharele amancane, ehlanzekile ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha nokusabalala; ezikhubazini-oksijini zezinto zikagesimende, inganikeza imikhiqizo evikela umswakama futhi enokuqina okuphezulu ukugwema ukulimala komswakama ezintweni zikagesimende. 5. Isiqinisekiso Sesevisi Yezobuchwepheshe Yesikhathi Esigcwele Iyanikeza ukwesekwa kwezobuchwepheshe okuyindawo eyodwa okuhlanganisa ngaphambi kokuthengisa, ngesikhathi sokuthengisa, nangemva kokuthengisa. Ngaphambi kokuthengisa, inganikeza izinsizakalo zokuhlola amasampula enziwe ngokwezifiso kanye nokuhlola ukusebenza kokukhubaza-oksijini; ngesikhathi sokuthengisa, inikeza isiqondiso sezobuchwepheshe ngesilinganiso sokuhlanganisa sezinto ezikhubaza-oksijini ne-silica, kanye nesiqondiso senqubo yokusebenzisa; ngemva kokuthengisa, ithimba lochwepheshe le-R&D lilandelela umphumela wokusebenzisa, lixazulule izinkinga zobuchwepheshe njengokuncipha kokusebenza kokukhubaza-oksijini nokuhlanganiswa, futhi luthuthukise amapharamitha omkhiqizo ngokusekelwe kumpendulo yomsebenzisi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuphezulu kwezikhubazi-oksijini. III. Isiqinisekiso Samandla Okukhiqiza I-Shandong Zhonglian Chemistry Co., Ltd., eyasungulwa ngo-2022, iyibhizinisi eliphezulu lobuchwepheshe eligxile ku-R&D kanye nokukhiqizwa kwezinto zamakhemikhali eziphezulu, nelamalungelo okungenisa nokuthumela ngaphandle azimele kanye nezitifiketi eziningi (kuhlanganise nesitifiketi somkhiqizo wokudla, imithi). Le nkampani inezimvume ezimbili eziyinhloko emkhakheni wokulungiswa kwe-silica, okuhlanganisa idivayisi yokugaya ngomoya ephezulu yokukhiqizwa kwe-silica kanye nohlelo oluhlakaniphile lokuthuthukisa izinqubo zokuphendula nge-electrochemical, ihlinzeka ngokwesekwa okuqinile kwezobuchwepheshe ekuthuthukisweni kwekhwalithi yomkhiqizo. Isisekelo sokukhiqiza sisebenzisa ukulawula okunembayo kwenqubo, sifakwe imishini yokuhlola ethuthukisiwe njenge-laser particle size analyzers, specific surface area and pore size analyzers, kanye ne-X-ray fluorescence spectrometers, futhi siye sakha izinqubo zokuhlola ezigcwele eziyi-18 ezihlanganisa ukuhlanzwa kwezinto ezingavuthiwe, ukuhlanganiswa kwesikhashana kuze kube ukuhlolwa komkhiqizo oqediwe. Ithole isitifiketi sohlelo lokuphatha ikhwalithi lwe-ISO9001 kanye nesitifiketi sokuphepha sokudla, siqaphela ukulawulwa okujwayelekile kuyo yonke indawo kusuka ku-R&D, ukukhiqizwa kuze kube ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi. IV. Izincazelo Zokupakisha Nokuthutha 1. Izincazelo Zokupakisha Ezijwayelekile Kusetshenziswa umklamo wokupakisha ojwayelekile ohambisana nezidingo zokupakisha zokudla nemithi, kuhlinzekwa ngezinketho zokupakisha izikhwama zephepha le-kraft eziyi-25kg kanye namadili e-galvanized iron angama-50kg ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezahlukene zezinamba zama-oda nezokuthutha. Izinto zokupakisha zonke zenziwe ngezinto ezingenasidingo, ezinganobuthi, ezingangcoli ukuze kugwenywe ukusabela kwamakhemikhali nomkhiqizo futhi kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha nokuhlanzeka komkhiqizo. 2. Umklamo Ochwepheshe Wokuvikela Umswakama Nokungcola Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuqina komkhiqizo ngesikhathi sokuthutha nokugcina, kusebenziswa isixazululo sokuvikela esiphindwe kabili: umzinga wangaphakathi usebenzisa ifilimu ye-PE yokudla enobubanzi obungu-≥0.08mm ukuze kuvalwe umswakama, kanti umzinga wangaphandle usebenzisa izikhwama ezilukiwe eziqinile noma amadili e-galvanized iron ukuze kuvikelwe ukushayisana nokungcola. Kwimikhiqizo ethunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, kusetshenziswa ukupakisha kwe-vacuum + ukuthunyelwa kwesitsha ukuze kugwenywe ukungena komswakama nokungcola okuhlangene ngesikhathi sokuthutha ibanga elide, kuqinisekiswe ukuthi umkhiqizo ugcina ukusebenza kwawo kwasekuqaleni lapho ufika kumakhasimende. 3. Izidingo Zokugcina Nokuthutha - Izimo zokugcina: Kufanele zigcinwe endaweni epholile, eyomile futhi enomoya omuhle, kugwenywe ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu (≥40℃) kanye nendawo enomswakama (umswakama ohlobene ≤70%), futhi kufanele zigcinwe ngokuhlukile nezinto ezikhubaza-oksijini, izinsipho eziqinile kanye ne-alkalis; - Impilo yeshalofu: izinyanga ezingama-36 ngaphansi kwezimo zokugcina ezifanele; - Izici zokuthutha: Lo mkhiqizo uyikhemikhali engadali ingozi, usekela ukuthunyelwa ngolwandle, ngomhlaba, ngomoya nezinye izindlela zokuthutha, futhi ungadluliselwa ngokuphepha ezindaweni ezibekwe ngamakhasimende asekhaya naphesheya. Ngesikhathi sokuthutha, kuyadingeka ukugwema ukushayisana okunamandla, imvula nomswakama. 4. Ukulebula Okujwayelekile Wonke umthwalo womkhiqizo uphethwe ngokucacile ngolwazi lomkhiqizo njengobuntu besikhubazi-oksijini, ukuhlanzeka, indawo eqondile, ububanzi bezimbotshana, inombolo yomthwalo wokukhiqiza kanye nempilo yeshalofu; ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngokwemibandela yemithetho yezimakethe ezahlukene zokuthumela ngaphandle kanye nezindawo zokusebenzisa (ukudla, imithi), izilebula zezilimi eziningi kanye namashidi emininingwane yokuphepha (SDS) angakwenziwa ngokwezifiso ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhambisana namazinga okufinyelela emakethe endawo kanye nemithetho yokuphepha. V. Izindawo Zokusebenzisa Ezisebenzayo Lo mkhiqizo usetshenziswa kabanzi emkhakheni wezikhubazi-oksijini, uhlanganisa izimboni eziningi kanye nezinye izimo ezidinga ukukhubaza-oksijini, ukuvimbela umswakama nokugcina: 1. Imboni Yokudla Isetshenziswa njengento esiza izikhubazi-oksijini zokudla, esebenza ezintweni ezibhakiwe, amantongomane, izithelo ezomisiwe, imikhiqizo yenyama, amaswidi, imikhiqizo yezinhlamvu namafutha, njll. Isiza izinto ezikhubaza-oksijini ukuba zimunce ngokushesha umoya esikhwameni, igweme ukubola kokudla, ukubola, ukushintsha umbala nokubola, yandise impilo yeshalofu yokudla izikhathi ezi-2-3, futhi igcine ukunambitheka kwasekuqaleni kanye nekhwalithi yokudla. 2. Imboni Yemithi Isetshenziswa ezikhubazini-oksijini zokupakisha imithi, okuhlanganisa amaphilisi, amakhasimende, izimpushana, imijovo nezinye izimpahla zemithi. Ingakwazi ukususa ngempumelelo umoya esikhwameni, igweme izithako zemithi ukuba zibole noma zonakale, iqinisekise ukusebenza nokuqina kwemithi, futhi ihlangabezane nezidingo eziqinile zekhwalithi zemboni yemithi. 3. Imboni Yokudla Kwezilwane Isetshenziswa njengento esiza izikhubazi-oksijini zokudla kwezilwane, esebenza ezinhlobonhlobo zezinto zokudla ezihlanganisiwe, izithako zokudla kwezilwane kanye nezokudla kwezilwane zasemanzini. Ivimbela ukubola kokudla kwezilwane, ukubola kanye nokulahleka kwezakhiwo ngesikhathi sokugcina, ithuthukisa ikhwalithi yokudla kwezilwane, futhi igwema izifo zezilwane ezibangelwa ukudla kwezilwane okubolile. 12. Imboni Yezinto Zikagesimende Nemishini Enembayo Isetshenziswa ezikhubazini-oksijini zezinto zikagesimende nemishini enembayo (njengama-chip, izinzwa, imitha enembayo). Ayisusi kuphela umoya esikhwameni ukuze igweme ukubola kwezingxenye zensimbi kodwa futhi inokusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokuvimbela umswakama, igweme ukulimala komswakama ezintweni zikagesimende nemishini enembayo, iqinisekisa ukusebenza kwayo okujwayelekile kanye nempilo yeshalofu. VI. Isiphetho I-silicon dioxide ye-Shandong Zhonglian Chemistry esetshenziselwa izikhubazi-oksijini ibekwe enkabeni ye-"ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kokukhubaza-oksijini, ukwandisa isikhathi sokugcina nokuqinisekisa ukuphepha komkhiqizo". Ngokusekelwe kubuchwepheshe bokulungiselela obusha, uhlelo oluqinile lokulawula ikhwalithi kanye nethimba lezobuchwepheshe elichwepheshile, lihlinzeka ngezixazululo eziyindawo eyodwa ezisiza izikhubazi-oksijini ezinkampanini ezimbonini zokudla, zemithi, zezokudla kwezilwane, zikagesimende nezinye izimboni. Le nkampani izibophezele ekuthuthukiseni imboni yezikhubazi-oksijini ngemikhiqizo esezingeni eliphezulu futhi yamukela ngobuqotho imibuzo kanye nokubambisana okuvela kumakhasimende asekhaya naphesheya.