I. Isingeniso Somkhiqizo Lo mkhiqizo uyisikhubazi-oksijini esisebenza kakhulu esenziwe nge-silicon dioxide esizimele esenziwe yi-Shandong Zhonglian Chemistry Co., Ltd. Kuyinto esetshenziswa ngokwezifiso eyenzelwe ngokukhethekile izikhubazi-oksijini, ehlose ukuxazulula izinkinga eziyinhloko embonini yezikhubazi-oksijini: "umthamo onganele wokumunca umoya obangelwa ukwakheka kwezimbotshana okungalungile, impilo emfushane ngenxa yokumelana nomswakama okungalungile, nomphumela wokukhubaza-oksijini ongalingani ngenxa yokusabalala okungalungile". Ngokusekelwe ekulawuleni okunembayo kosayizi wezingxenye ze-nano kanye nokwakheka kwezimbotshana, kuhlanganiswe nezinqubo zokulungiselela ezithuthukisiwe njengendlela ye-sol-gel kanye nobuchwepheshe bokugaya umoya obuhle kakhulu, lo mkhiqizo awuxazululi kuphela izinkinga eziyinhloko ze-silicon dioxide yakudala ekusetshenzisweni kwezikhubazi-oksijini kodwa futhi unokusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokusiza ukumunca umoya, ukumelana nomswakama, nokuqina komqeqebho. Isetshenziswa kabanzi ekudleni, emithini, ekudleni kwezilwane, ezikagesi, kumishini enembayo nezinye izindawo ezidinga ukukhubaza-oksijini nokugcina, futhi ithunyelwa eYurophu, eMelika, eNingizimu-mpumalanga Asia naseMiddle East kanye nezinye izimakethe zamazwe ngamazwe. II. Izinzuzo Eziyinhloko Zomkhiqizo 1. Ukwakheka Kwezimbotshana Okuhle Kakhulu Nomthamo Omkhulu Wokusiza Ukumunca Umoya Lo mkhiqizo unendawo eqondile (≥400 m²/g) kanye nokwakheka kwezimbotshana okungalawulwa (ububanzi bezimbotshana 3-60 nm), okungakwazi ukumunca umswakama emoyeni ngenkathi kuhlinzekwa ngesikhundla esizinzile sezinto ezikhubaza-oksijini (njengezinsimbi, i-activated carbon), kuthuthukiswe kakhulu ukusebenza nokumunca umoya kwezikhubazi-oksijini. Indlela yayo eyinhloko isekelwe ekusebenziseni indlela ye-template kanye nendlela ye-sol-gel ethuthukisiwe ukulawula ngokunemba inqubo yokuqala nokukhula kwamatshe amatshe e-silica, ukufeza ukufanisana okunembayo komthamo wezimbotshana nokusatshalaliswa kwezimbotshana nezinhlelo ezahlukene zezikhubazi-oksijini. Lokhu kuthuthukisa kakhulu indawo yokuxhumana phakathi kwezinto ezikhubaza-oksijini nomoya, kusheshe isivinini sokuphendula sokukhubaza-oksijini, futhi kuqinisekise umphumela osheshayo noqotho wokukhubaza-oksijini. 2. Ubumsulwa Obuphezulu Nokumelana Nomswakama Okuhle Kakhulu Ngokulandela ngokuqinile izidingo eziphakeme zezinto ezisiza izikhubazi-oksijini, lo mkhiqizo unobumsulwa obungu-≥99% kanye nokuqukethwe okuphansi kakhulu kwezinto ezingcolile (insimbi esindayo lead ≤0.001%, arsenic ≤0.0003%), okuhambisana ngokuphelele namazinga okudla, imithi, kanye namazinga aphezulu amazwe omhlaba. Yonke inqubo yokukhiqiza isebenzisa ukuvikelwa ngegazi elingasebenzi kanye nobuchwepheshe bokulungiselela izinto zokusetshenziswa ezimsulwa kakhulu, okugwema ngokuyisisekelo ukungeniswa kwezinhlayiya ezingcolile ezingathinta umphumela wokukhubaza-oksijini noma zibangele ukungcola. Inokumelana nomswakama okuhle kakhulu nokuqina kwemvelo, ingagcina ubuqotho bomqeqebho ezindaweni ezinomswakama (umswakama ohlobene ≤80%), ayimunci umswakama futhi ayihlanganisi, futhi iqinisekisa ngempumelelo ukusebenza okuzinzile kwesikhathi eside kwezikhubazi-oksijini. 3. Ukusabalala Okuhle Kakhulu Nokuhambisana Nezinto Ezikhubaza-Oksijini Ngokusekelwe ekusatshalalisweni kosayizi wezingxenye ze-nano okuhle kakhulu (D50=2-12 μm) kanye nobuchwepheshe bokuguqula ubuso, lo mkhiqizo unokusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokusabalala futhi ungahlanganiswa ngokulinganayo nezinto ezahlukene ezikhubaza-oksijini (njengezinsimbi, i-activated carbon, i-zeolite, njll.). Ingakha uhlelo lokusabalala oluzinzile ngezinto ezikhubaza-oksijini, igweme ngempumelelo ukuhlanganiswa kwezinto ezikhubaza-oksijini ngesikhathi sokugcina nokusebenzisa, iqinisekise ukuthi zonke izinto ezikhubaza-oksijini zingathintana ngokugcwele nomoya. Kuthuthukisa izinga lokusetshenziswa kwezinto ezikhubaza-oksijini ngaphezu kuka-35%, futhi kuqinisekisa ukulingana nokuqina komphumela wokukhubaza-oksijini kuso sonke isikhala sokupakisha. 4. Amandla Okwenza Ngokwezifiso Avumelayo Kusekela izinsizakalo zokwenza ngokwezifiso ezibhekiswe kubantu ngamapharamitha abalulekile njengosayizi wezingxenye (2-100 μm), indawo eqondile (300-900 m²/g) kanye nokwakheka kwezimbotshana (3-100 nm). Ngokwezici zenqubo nezidingo zokusebenza zezimo ezahlukene zokusebenzisa izikhubazi-oksijini (njengokupakisha ukudla, ukupakisha imithi, ukugcina izinto zikagesi, ukugcina izinto zokudla kwezilwane), kuhlinzekwa ngezixazululo zomkhiqizo ezihambisana kakhulu. Ngokwesibonelo, ezikhubazini-oksijini zokudla, kungenziwa ngokwezifiso i-silica enezinhlayiya ezincane, ezimsulwa kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha nokusabalala; ezikhubazini-oksijini zezinto zikagesi, kungahlinzekwa imikhiqizo evimbela umswakama futhi ezinzile kakhulu ukugwema ukulimala okubangelwa umswakama ezintweni zikagesi. 5. Isiqinisekiso Sesevisi Yezobuchwepheshe Esigcwele Isikhathi Sokusebenza Kuhlinzekwa ngosekelo lobuchwepheshe olulodwa oluhlanganisa ngaphambi kokuthengisa, ngesikhathi sokuthengisa, nangemva kokuthengisa. Ngaphambi kokuthengisa, kungahlinzekwa izinsizakalo zokuhlola amasampula enziwe ngokwezifiso kanye nokuhlola ukusebenza kokukhubaza-oksijini; ngesikhathi sokuthengisa, kuhlinzekwa ngesiqondiso sobuchwepheshe esihlobene nesilinganiso sokuhlanganisa izinto ezikhubaza-oksijini ne-silica, kanye nesiqondiso senqubo yokusebenzisa; ngemva kokuthengisa, ithimba lochwepheshe le-R&D lilandelela umphumela wokusebenzisa, lixazulule izinkinga zobuchwepheshe njengokuncipha kokusebenza kokukhubaza-oksijini nokuhlanganiswa, futhi luthuthukise amapharamitha omkhiqizo ngokusekelwe empendulweni yomsebenzisi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuphezulu kwezikhubazi-oksijini. III. Isiqinisekiso Samandla Okukhiqiza I-Shandong Zhonglian Chemistry Co., Ltd., eyasungulwa ngo-2022, iyibhizinisi lobuchwepheshe obuphezulu eligxile ku-R&D kanye nokukhiqizwa kwezinto zamakhemikhali eziphakeme, nelungelo lokungenisa nokuthumela ngaphandle elizimele kanye nezitifiketi eziningi (kuhlanganise nesitifiketi somkhiqizo wokudla, imithi). Le nkampani inezimvume ezimbili eziyinhloko emkhakheni wokulungiselela i-silica, okuhlanganisa idivayisi yokugaya umoya ephezulu yokukhiqiza i-silica kanye nohlelo lokuthuthukisa oluhlakaniphile lwezinqubo zokuphendula nge-electrochemical, okuhlinzeka ngosekelo oluqinile lobuchwepheshe loku thuthukisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo. Isisekelo sokukhiqiza samukela ukulawulwa kwenqubo eqondile, sifakwe izinto zokuhlola ezithuthukisiwe njengezihlaziya zosayizi wezingxenye ze-laser, izihlaziya zendawo eqondile nezimbotshana, kanye ne-X-ray fluorescence spectrometers, futhi sakhe izinqubo zokuhlola ezigcwele eziyi-18 ezihlanganisa ukuhlanzwa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa, ukuhlanganiswa kwesikhashana kuze kube ukuhlolwa komkhiqizo oqediwe. Ithole isitifiketi sohlelo lokuphatha ikhwalithi lwe-ISO9001 kanye nesitifiketi sokuphepha sokudla, okwenza ukulawulwa okujwayelekile kwayo yonke iminyango kusuka ku-R&D, ukukhiqiza kuze kube ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi. IV. Izincazelo Zokupakisha Nokuthutha 1. Izincazelo Zokupakisha Ezijwayelekile Ukusebenzisa umklamo wokupakisha ojwayelekile ohambisana nezidingo zokupakisha zokudla nemithi, kuhlinzekwa ngezinketho zokupakisha izikhwama zamaphepha e-kraft eziyi-25kg kanye namabhodlela ensimbi agalelweyo angama-50kg ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezahlukene zenani le-oda nezokuthutha. Izinto zokupakisha zenziwe ngezinto ezingasebenzi, ezinganobuthi futhi ezingangcoli ukuze kugwenywe ukusabela kwamakhemikhali nomkhiqizo futhi kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha nokumsulwa komkhiqizo. 2. Umklamo Ochwepheshe Wokuvimbela Umswakama Nokuvimbela Ukungcola Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuqina komkhiqizo ngesikhathi sokuthutha nokugcina, kusebenziswe isixazululo sokuvikela esiphindwe kabili: umngcele wangaphakathi usebenzisa ifilimu ye-PE yokudla enobubanzi obungu-≥0.08mm ukuze kuvinjelwe umswakama, kanti umngcele wangaphandle usebenzisa izikhwama ezilukiwe ezinamandla noma amabhodlela ensimbi agalelweyo ukuze kuvinjelwe ukushayisana nokungcola. Emikhiqizweni ethunyelwa ngaphandle, kusetshenziswa ukupakisha kwe-vacuum + ukuthunyelwa kwesitsha ukuze kugwenywe ukungena komswakama nokungcola okuhlangene ngesikhathi sokuthutha ibanga elide, kuqinisekiswe ukuthi umkhiqizo ugcina ukusebenza kwawo kwasekuqaleni lapho ufika kumakhasimende. 3. Izidingo Zokugcina Nokuthutha - Izimo zokugcina: Kufanele zigcinwe endaweni epholile, eyomile futhi enomoya omuhle, kugwenywe ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu (≥40℃) kanye nendawo enomswakama (umswakama ohlobene ≤70%), futhi kufanele zigcinwe ngokuhlukile nezinto ezikhubaza-oksijini, izinsipho ezinamandla kanye ne-alkalis; - Impilo yeshalofu: izinyanga ezingama-36 ngaphansi kwezimo zokugcina ezifanele; - Izici zokuthutha: Lo mkhiqizo uyikhemikhali engadali ingozi, usekela ukuthunyelwa ngolwandle, ngomhlaba, ngomoya nezinye izindlela zokuthutha, futhi ungadluliselwa ngokuphepha ezindaweni ezibekwe ngamakhasimende asekhaya naphesheya. Ngesikhathi sokuthutha, kuyadingeka ukugwema ukushayisana okunamandla, imvula nomswakama. 4. Ukulebula Okujwayelekile Wonke umthwalo womkhiqizo uphethwe ngokucophelela ngolwazi lomkhiqizo njengobuntu besikhubazi-oksijini, ubumsulwa, indawo eqondile, usayizi wezimbotshana, inombolo yomthwalo wokukhiqiza kanye nempilo yeshalofu; ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngokwemibandela yemithetho yezimakethe ezahlukene zokuthumela ngaphandle kanye nezindawo zokusebenzisa (ukudla, imithi), kungenziwa ngokwezifiso amalebula emilimi eminingi kanye namashidi edatha yokuphepha (SDS) ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhambisana namazinga okufinyelela emakethe endawo kanye nemithetho yokuphepha. V. Izindawo Zokusebenzisa Ezisebenzayo Lo mkhiqizo usetshenziswa kabanzi emkhakheni wezikhubazi-oksijini, uhlanganisa izimboni eziningi nezinye izimo ezidinga ukukhubaza-oksijini, ukuvimbela umswakama nokugcina: 1. Imboni Yokudla Kusetshenziswa njengento esiza izikhubazi-oksijini zokudla, okusebenzayo ezintweni ezibhakiwe, amantongomane, izithelo ezomisiwe, imikhiqizo yenyama, amaswidi, imikhiqizo yezinhlamvu namafutha, njll. Kusekela izinto ezikhubaza-oksijini ukuthi zikwazi ukumunca umoya ngokushesha ekupakisheni, kugwenywe ukubola kokudla, ukubola, ukushintsha umbala nokubola, kwandiswe impilo yokudla izikhathi ezi-2-3, futhi kugcinwe ukunambitheka kwasekuqaleni kanye nekhwalithi yokudla. 2. Imboni Yemithi Kusetshenziswa ezikhubazini-oksijini zokupakisha imithi, okuhlanganisa amaphilisi, amakhasimende, izimpushana, imijovo nezinye izimpahla zemithi. Kungakwazi ukususa ngempumelelo umoya ekupakisheni, kugwenywe izithako zemithi ukuthi zibole noma zonakale, kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kanye nokuqina kwemithi, futhi kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo eziqinile zekhwalithi zemboni yemithi. 3. Imboni Yokudla Kwezilwane Kusetshenziswa njengento esiza izikhubazi-oksijini zokudla kwezilwane, okusebenzayo ezinhlobonhlobo zokudla okuhlanganisiwe, izithako zokudla kwezilwane kanye nokudla kwezilwane zasemanzini. Kuvimbela ukubola kokudla kwezilwane, ukubola kanye nokulahlekelwa kwezakhamzimba ngesikhathi sokugcina, kuthuthukise ikhwalithi yokudla kwezilwane, futhi kugwenywe izifo zezilwane ezibangelwa ukudla kwezilwane okubolile. 26. Imboni Yezikagesi Nemishini Enembayo Kusetshenziswa ezikhubazini-oksijini zezinto zikagesi nemishini enembayo (njenge-chips, izinzwa, imitha enembayo). Akugcini nje ngokukhipha umoya ekupakisheni ukuvimbela izingxenye zensimbi ukuthi zingaboli kodwa futhi inokusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokuvimbela umswakama, kugwenywe ukulimala okubangelwa umswakama ezintweni zikagesi nemishini enembayo, kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kwazo okujwayelekile kanye nempilo. VI. Isiphetho I-silicon dioxide ye-Shandong Zhonglian Chemistry yokukhubaza-oksijini ibekwe enkabeni ye-"ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kokukhubaza-oksijini, ukwandisa isikhathi sokugcina nokuqinisekisa ukuphepha komkhiqizo". Ngokusekelwe kubuchwepheshe bokulungiselela obusha, uhlelo oluqinile lokulawula ikhwalithi kanye nethimba lezinsizakalo zobuchwepheshe, kuhlinzekwa ngezixazululo eziphelele zezikhubazi-oksijini ezihlinzekwa ezinkampanini ezimbonini zokudla, imithi, ukudla kwezilwane, izikagesi nezinye izimboni. Le nkampani izibophezele ekuthuthukiseni imboni yezikhubazi-oksijini ngemikhiqizo esezingeni eliphezulu futhi yamukela ngobuqotho imibuzo kanye nokubambisana namakhasimende asekhaya naphesheya.