I. Isingeniso Somkhiqizo Lo mkhiqizo uyisikhubazi-oksijini esisebenza kakhulu esenziwe nge-silicon dioxide esithuthukiswe ngokuzimela yiShandong Zhonglian Chemistry Co., Ltd. Kuyinto esekelayo eyenziwe ngokwezifiso eyenzelwe ngokukhethekile izikhubazi-oksijini, ehlose ukuxazulula izinkinga eziyinhloko embonini yezikhubazi-oksijini: "umthamo onganele wokumunca umoya obangelwa ukwakheka kwezimbotshana okungalungile, impilo emfushane ngenxa yokumelana nomswakama okungalungile, nomphumela wokukhubaza-oksijini ongalingani ngenxa yokuhlakazeka okungalungile". Ngokusekelwe ekulawuleni okunembayo kosayizi wamachips ezinhlayiyeni ezincane kakhulu (nano-scale) nokwakheka kwezimbotshana, kuhlanganiswe nezinqubo zokulungiselela ezithuthukisiwe njengendlela ye-sol-gel kanye nobuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe bokugudla komoya, lo mkhiqizo awuxazululi kuphela izinkinga eziyinhloko ze-silicon dioxide yakudala ekusetshenzisweni kwezikhubazi-oksijini, kodwa futhi unokusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokusiza ukumunca umoya, ukumelana nomswakama, nokuqina komqambathi. Usasetshenziswa kabanzi ekudleni, emithini, emifudeni, ezintweni zikagesi, ezinsizeni eziqine kakhulu nezinye izindawo ezidinga ukukhubaza-oksijini nokugcina, futhi uthunyelwa eYurophu, eMelika, eNingizimu-mpumalanga Asia naseMiddle East kanye nezinye izimakethe zamazwe ngamazwe. II. Izinzuzo Eziyinhloko Zomkhiqizo 1. Ukwakheka Kwezimbotshana Okuthuthukisiwe Nomthamo Ophezulu Wokusiza Ukumunca Umoya Lo mkhiqizo unendawo eqondile (specific surface area) efanele (≥400 m²/g) nokwakheka kwezimbotshana okungalawulwa (ububanzi bezimbotshana 3-60 nm), okungakwazi ukumunca kahle umswakama emoyeni ngenkathi kunikeza umqambathi ozinzile wezinto ezikhubaza-oksijini (njenge-iron powder, i-activated carbon), kuthuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza nomthamo wokumunca umoya wesikhubazi-oksijini. Indlela yayo eyinhloko isekelwe ekusebenziseni indlela ye-template kanye nendlela ye-sol-gel ethuthukisiwe ukulawula ngokunembayo inqubo yokuqala nokukhula kwamachips e-silica, ukufeza ukufanisana okunembayo komthamo wezimbotshana nokusatshalaliswa kobubanzi bezimbotshana nezinye izinhlelo zezikhubazi-oksijini. Lokhu kuthuthukisa ngempumelelo indawo yokuxhumana phakathi kwezinto ezikhubaza-oksijini nomoya, kushesisa isivinini sokuphendula sokukhubaza-oksijini, futhi kuqinisekisa umphumela osheshayo nowuphelele wokukhubaza-oksijini. 2. Ubumsulwa Obuphezulu Nokumelana Nomswakama Okuhle Kakhulu Ngokulandela ngokuqinile izidingo eziphakeme kakhulu zezinto ezisizayo zezikhubazi-oksijini, lo mkhiqizo unobumsulwa obungu-≥99% kanye nokuqukethwe okuncane kakhulu kwezinto ezingcolile (heavy metal lead ≤0.001%, arsenic ≤0.0003%), okuhambisana ngokuphelele namazinga kazwelonke okudla, imithi, namazinga aphezulu aphesheya. Yonke inqubo yokukhiqiza isebenzisa ukuvikelwa ngegesi elingenamoya kanye nobuchwepheshe bokulungiselela izinto ezingavuthiwe ezimsulwa kakhulu, okugwema ngokuyisisekelo ukungeniswa kwezinhlayiya ezingcolile ezingathinta umphumela wokukhubaza-oksijini noma zibangele ukungcola. Inokumelana nomswakama okuhle kakhulu nokuqina kwemvelo, ingagcina ubuqotho bomqambathi ezindaweni ezinomswakama (relative humidity ≤80%), ayimunci umswakama futhi ayihlanganisi, futhi iqinisekisa ngempumelelo ukusebenza okuzinzile kwesikhathi eside kwesikhubazi-oksijini. 3. Ukuhlakazeka Okuhle Kakhulu Nokuhambisana Nezinto Ezikhubaza-Oksijini Ngokusekelwe ekusatshalalisweni kosayizi wamachips ezinhlayiyeni ezincane kakhulu (D50=2-12 μm) kanye nobuchwepheshe bokuguqula ubuso, lo mkhiqizo unokusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokuhlakazeka futhi ungahlanganiswa ngokulinganayo nezingxenye ezahlukahlukene ezikhubaza-oksijini (njenge-iron powder, i-activated carbon, i-zeolite, njll.). Ungakha uhlelo lokuhlakazeka oluzinzile nezingxenye ezikhubaza-oksijini, ugweme ngempumelelo ukuhlanganiswa kwezinto ezikhubaza-oksijini ngesikhathi sokugcina nokusebenzisa, uqinisekise ukuthi zonke izingxenye ezikhubaza-oksijini zingathintana nomoya ngokugcwele. Kuthuthukisa izinga lokusetshenziswa kwezinto ezikhubaza-oksijini ngaphezu kuka-35%, futhi kuqinisekisa ukulingana nokuqina komphumela wokukhubaza-oksijini kuyo yonke indawo yokupakisha. 4. Amandla Okwenza Ngokwezifiso Avumelayo Kweseka izinsizakalo zokwenza ngokwezifiso ezibhekiswe kumapharamitha abalulekile njengosayizi wamachips (2-100 μm), indawo eqondile (300-900 m²/g) kanye nokwakheka kwezimbotshana (3-100 nm). Ngokwezici zenqubo nezidingo zokusebenza zezimo ezahlukahlukene zokusebenzisa izikhubazi-oksijini (njengokupakisha ukudla, ukupakisha imithi, ukugcina izinto zikagesi, ukugcina imfuyo), kunikeza izixazululo zomkhiqizo ezivumelana kakhulu. Ngokwesibonelo, ezikhubazini-oksijini zokudla, kungakwazi ukwenza ngokwezifiso i-silica enosayizi wamachips omncane, enobumsulwa obuphezulu ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha nokuhlakazeka; ezikhubazini-oksijini zezinto zikagesi, kungahlinzekwa imikhiqizo evikela umswakama neneqine kakhulu ukugwema ukulimala komswakama ezintweni zikagesi. 5. Isiqinisekiso Sesevisi Yezobuchwepheshe Yesikhathi Esigcwele Kuhlinzekwa ukwesekwa kwezobuchwepheshe okuyindawo eyodwa okuhlanganisa ngaphambi kokuthengisa, ngesikhathi sokuthengisa, nangemva kokuthengisa. Ngaphambi kokuthengisa, kungahlinzekwa izinsizakalo zokuhlola amasampula enziwe ngokwezifiso kanye nokuhlola ukusebenza kokukhubaza-oksijini; ngesikhathi sokuthengisa, kuhlinzekwa isiqondiso sezobuchwepheshe ngesilinganiso sokuhlanganisa sezinto ezikhubaza-oksijini ne-silica, kanye nesiqondiso senqubo yokusebenzisa; ngemva kokuthengisa, ithimba lochwepheshe be-R&D lilandelela umphumela wokusebenzisa, lixazulule izinkinga zobuchwepheshe njengokuncipha kokusebenza kokukhubaza-oksijini nokuhlanganiswa, futhi luthuthukise amapharamitha omkhiqizo ngokusekelwe kumpendulo yomsebenzisi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusetshenziswa okuphelele kokusebenza kwesikhubazi-oksijini. III. Isiqinisekiso Samandla Okukhiqiza I-Shandong Zhonglian Chemistry Co., Ltd., eyasungulwa ngo-2022, yibhizinisi lobuchwepheshe obuphezulu eligxile ku-R&D nokukhiqizwa kwezinto zamakhemikhali ezingaphezulu, elinamalungelo okungenisa nokuthekelisa azimele kanye nezitifiketi eziningi (kuhlanganise nesitifiketi somkhiqizo wokudla, imithi). Le nkampani inezimvume ezimbili eziyinhloko emkhakheni wokulungiswa kwe-silica, okuhlanganisa idivayisi yokugudla umoya ophakeme yokukhiqizwa kwe-silica kanye nohlelo lokuthuthukisa oluhlakaniphile lwezinqubo zokuphendula nge-electrochemical, okunikeza ukwesekwa okunamandla kwezobuchwepheshe ekuthuthukisweni kwekhwalithi yomkhiqizo. Isisekelo sokukhiqiza samukela ukulawulwa kwenqubo ecwengisiswe kahle, sihlinzekwa ngemishini yokuhlola ethuthukisiwe njenge-laser particle size analyzers, specific surface area and pore size analyzers, kanye ne-X-ray fluorescence spectrometers, futhi siye sakha izinqubo zokuhlola ezigcwele eziyi-18 ezihlanganisa ukuhlanzwa kwezinto ezingavuthiwe, ukuhlanganiswa kwesikhashana kuze kube ukuhlolwa komkhiqizo oqediwe. Kutholwe isitifiketi sohlelo lokuphatha ikhwalithi lwe-ISO9001 kanye nesitifiketi sokuphepha sokudla, kufezekiswe ukulawulwa okujwayelekile kuyo yonke iketango kusuka ku-R&D, ukukhiqizwa kuze kube ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi. IV. Izincazelo Zokupakisha Nokuthutha 1. Izincazelo Zokupakisha Ezijwayelekile Ukusebenzisa umklamo wokupakisha ojwayelekile ohambisana nezidingo zokupakisha zokudla nemithi, kunikeza izinketho zokupakisha izikhwama zamaphepha e-kraft eziyi-25kg kanye nezimbiza zensimbi ezihlanganisiwe eziyi-50kg ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezahlukahlukene zezinani le-oda nezokuthutha. Izinto zokupakisha zenziwe ngezinto ezingenasici, ezinganobuthi futhi ezingangcoli ukuze kugwenywe ukusabela kwamakhemikhali nomkhiqizo futhi kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha nokumsulwa komkhiqizo. 2. Umklamo Ochwepheshe Wokuvikela Umswakama Nokungangcoli Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuqina komkhiqizo ngesikhathi sokuthutha nokugcina, kusetshenziswa isixazululo sokuvikela esiphindwe kabili: ungqimba lwangaphakathi lusebenzisa ifilimu ye-PE yokudla enobubanzi obungu-≥0.08mm ukuze kuvalwe umswakama, kanti ungqimba lwangaphandle lusebenzisa izikhwama ezilukiwe ezinamandla noma izimbiza zensimbi ezihlanganisiwe ukuze kuvikelwe ukushayisana nokungangcoli. Emikhiqizweni ethunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, kusetshenziswa ukupakisha kwe-vacuum + ukuthunyelwa kwesitsha ukuze kugwenywe ukungena komswakama nokungangcoli okuhlangene ngesikhathi sokuthutha ibanga elide, kuqinisekisa ukuthi umkhiqizo ugcina ukusebenza kwawo kwasekuqaleni lapho ufika kumakhasimende. 3. Izidingo Zokugcina Nokuthutha - Izimo zokugcina: Kufanele zigcinwe endaweni epholile, eyomile futhi enomoya omuhle, kugwenywe ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu (≥40℃) kanye nendawo enomswakama (relative humidity ≤70%), futhi kufanele zigcinwe ngokuhlukile nezinto ezibangela ukubola, izinsipho ezinamandla nezinzalo; - Impilo yeshalofu: izinyanga ezingama-36 ngaphansi kwezimo zokugcina ezifanele; - Izici zokuthutha: Lo mkhiqizo uyikhemikhali engadali ingozi, usekela ukuthunyelwa ngolwandle, ngomhlaba, ngomoya nezinye izindlela zokuthutha, futhi ungadluliselwa ngokuphepha ezindaweni ezibekwe ngamakhasimende asekhaya naphesheya. Ngesikhathi sokuthutha, kuyadingeka ukugwema ukushayisana okunamandla, imvula nomswakama. 4. Ukulebula Okujwayelekile Wonke umthwalo womkhiqizo wokupakisha uphawulwe ngokuqinile ngolwazi lomkhiqizo njengobuntu besikhubazi-oksijini esisizayo, ubumsulwa, indawo eqondile, ububanzi bezimbotshana, inombolo yomthwalo wokukhiqiza kanye nempilo yeshalofu; ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngokwemibandela yemithetho yezimakethe ezahlukahlukene zokuthekelisa kanye nezindawo zokusebenzisa (ukudla, imithi), kungakwazi ukwenza ngokwezifiso amalebula ezilimi eziningi kanye namashidi emininingwane yokuphepha (SDS) ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhambisana namazinga okufinyelela emakethe endawo kanye nemithetho yokuphepha. V. Izindawo Zokusebenzisa Ezisebenzayo Lo mkhiqizo usetshenziswa kabanzi emkhakheni wezikhubazi-oksijini, uhlanganisa izimboni eziningi nezinye izimo ezidinga ukukhubaza-oksijini, ukuvimbela umswakama nokugcina: 1. Imboni Yokudla Usasetshenziswa njengento esizayo ezikhubazini-oksijini zokudla, ezisebenza ezintweni ezibhakiwe, amantongomane, izithelo ezomisiwe, imikhiqizo yenyama, amaswidi, imikhiqizo yezinhlamvu namafutha, njll. Kusiza izinto ezikhubaza-oksijini ukuba zikwazi ukumunca umoya ngokushesha emaphaketheni, kugwenywe ukubola kokudla, ukubola, ukushintsha umbala nokubola, kwandiswe impilo yeshalofu yokudla izikhathi ezi-2-3, futhi kugcinwe ukunambitheka kwasekuqaleni kanye nekhwalithi yokudla. 2. Imboni Yemithi Kusetshenziswa ezikhubazini-oksijini zokupakisha imithi, okuhlanganisa amaphilisi, amakhasimende, izimpushana, imijovo nezinye izimpahla zemithi. Kungakwazi ukususa ngempumelelo umoya emaphaketheni, kugwenywe ukubola kwezithako zemithi, kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kanye nokuqina kwemithi, futhi kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo eziqinile zekhwalithi zemboni yemithi. 3. Imboni Yemifuyo Usasetshenziswa njengento esizayo ezikhubazini-oksijini zemifuyo, ezisebenza ezinhlobonhlobo zezifuyo ezihlanganisiwe, izithako zemifuyo kanye nezifuyo zasemanzini. Kuvimbela ukubola kwezifuyo, ukubola kanye nokulahleka kwezakhamzimba ngesikhathi sokugcina, kuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yezifuyo, futhi kugwenywe izifo zezilwane ezibangelwa izifuyo ezibolile. 42. Imboni Yezinto Zikagesi Nezinsizakalo Eziqine Kakhulu Kusetshenziswa ezikhubazini-oksijini zezinto zikagesi nezinsizakalo eziqine kakhulu (njenge-chips, izinzwa, izilinganiso eziqine kakhulu). Akugcini nje ngokukhipha umoya emaphaketheni ukuvimbela izingxenye zensimbi ukuba zingaboli, kodwa futhi kunezinga elihle kakhulu lokuvikela umswakama, kugwenywe ukulimala komswakama ezintweni zikagesi nezinsizakalo eziqine kakhulu, kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kwazo okujwayelekile kanye nempilo. VI. Isiphetho I-silicon dioxide ye-Shandong Zhonglian Chemistry eyenzelwe izikhubazi-oksijini ibekwe enkabeni ye-"ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kokukhubaza-oksijini, ukwandisa isikhathi sokugcina nokuqinisekisa ukuphepha komkhiqizo". Ngokusekelwe kubuchwepheshe bokulungiselela obusha, uhlelo oluqinile lokulawula ikhwalithi kanye nethimba lezobuchwepheshe elichwepheshile, kunikeza izixazululo eziyindawo eyodwa ezisizayo zezikhubazi-oksijini ezinkampanini ezimbonini zokudla, imithi, imfuyo, izinto zikagesi nezinye izimboni. Le nkampani izibophezele ekuthuthukiseni imboni yezikhubazi-oksijini ngemikhiqizo esezingeni eliphezulu futhi yamukela ngobuqotho imibuzo kanye nokubambisana okuvela kumakhasimende asekhaya naphesheya.