I. Isingeniso Somkhiqizo Lo mkhiqizo uyisikhubazi-oksijini esisebenza kakhulu esenziwe nge-silicon dioxide esithuthukiswe ngokuzimela yiShandong Zhonglian Chemistry Co., Ltd. Kuyinto esiza ukwenziwa ngokwezifiso eyenzelwe ngokukhethekile izikhubazi-oksijini, ihlose ukuxazulula izinkinga eziyinhloko embonini yezikhubazi-oksijini: "umthamo onganele wokumunca umoya-mpilo obangelwa ukwakheka kwezimbotshana okungalungile, impilo emfushane ngenxa yokumelana nomswakama okungalungile, nomphumela wokukhubaza-oksijini ongalingani ngenxa yokuhlakazeka okungalungile". Ngokusekelwe ekulawuleni okunembayo kosayizi wezinhlayiya zesayizi we-nano nokwakheka kwezimbotshana, kuhlanganiswe nezinqubo zokulungiselela ezithuthukisiwe njengendlela ye-sol-gel kanye nobuchwepheshe bokugaya umoya obulungisiwe, lo mkhiqizo awuxazululi kuphela izinkinga eziyinhloko ze-silicon dioxide yakudala ekusetshenzisweni kwezikhubazi-oksijini kodwa futhi unokusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokusiza ukumunca umoya-mpilo, ukumelana nomswakama, nokuqina komqeqebhe. Usasetshenziswa kabanzi ekudleni, emithini, emifudweni, ezintweni zikagesi, kumishini enembayo nezinye izindawo ezidinga ukukhubaza-oksijini nokugcina, futhi uthunyelwa eYurophu, eMelika, eNingizimu-mpumalanga Asia naseMiddle East nezinye izimakethe zamazwe ngamazwe. II. Izinzuzo Eziyinhloko Zomkhiqizo 1. Ukwakheka Kwezimbotshana Okulungisiwe Nomthamo Ophezulu Wokusiza Ukumunca Umoya-mpilo Lo mkhiqizo unendawo eqondile efanelekayo (≥400 m²/g) nokwakheka kwezimbotshana okulawulekayo (ububanzi bezimbotshana 3-60 nm), okungakwazi ukumunca kahle umswakama emvelweni ngenkathi kuhlinzekwa ngomthwali ozinzile wezinto ezikhubaza-oksijini (njengempuphu yensimbi, i-activated carbon), kuthuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza nomthamo wokumunca umoya-mpilo wesikhubazi-oksijini. Indlela yayo eyinhloko isekelwe ekusebenziseni indlela ye-template kanye nendlela ye-sol-gel ethuthukisiwe ukulawula ngokunembayo inqubo yokuqala nokukhula kwamatshe amatshe e-silica, ukufeza ukufanisana okunembayo komthamo wezimbotshana nokusatshalaliswa kwezimbotshana nezinhlelo ezahlukene zezikhubazi-oksijini. Lokhu kuthuthukisa ngempumelelo indawo yokuxhumana phakathi kwezinto ezikhubaza-oksijini nomoya-mpilo, kusheshe isivinini sokuphendula sokukhubaza-oksijini, futhi kuqinisekise umphumela osheshayo nowonke wokukhubaza-oksijini. 2. Ubumsulwa Obuphezulu Nokumelana Nomswakama Okuhle Kakhulu Ngokulandela ngokuqinile izidingo eziphakeme zezinto ezisiza izikhubazi-oksijini, lo mkhiqizo unobumsulwa obungu-≥99% nokuqukethwe okuphansi kakhulu kwezinto ezingcolile (insimbi esindayo lead ≤0.001%, arsenic ≤0.0003%), okuhambisana ngokuphelele namazinga kazwelonke okudla, amabanga emithi kanye namazinga aphezulu amazwe omhlaba. Yonke inqubo yokukhiqiza isebenzisa ukuvikelwa ngegazi elingenamoya kanye nobuchwepheshe bokulungiselela izinto ezingcolile ezingcolile, okugwema ngokuyisisekelo ukungeniswa kwezinhlayiya ezingcolile ezingathinta umphumela wokukhubaza-oksijini noma zibangele ukungcola. Inokumelana nomswakama okuhle kakhulu nokuqina kwemvelo, ingagcina ubuqotho bomqeqebhe ezindaweni ezinomswakama (umswakama ohlobene ≤80%), ayimunci umswakama futhi ayihlangani, futhi iqinisekisa ngempumelelo ukusebenza okuzinzile kwesikhathi eside kwesikhubazi-oksijini. 3. Ukuhlakazeka Okuhle Kakhulu Nokuhambisana Nezinto Ezikhubaza-oksijini Ngokuncika ekusatshalalisweni kosayizi wezinhlayiya ze-nano ezilungisiwe (D50=2-12 μm) nobuchwepheshe bokuguqula ubuso, lo mkhiqizo unokusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokuhlakazeka futhi ungahlanganiswa ngokulinganayo nezinto ezahlukene ezikhubaza-oksijini (njengempuphu yensimbi, i-activated carbon, i-zeolite, njll.). Ingakha uhlelo lokuhlakazeka oluzinzile ngezinto ezikhubaza-oksijini, igweme ngempumelelo ukuhlanganiswa kwezinto ezikhubaza-oksijini ngesikhathi sokugcina nokusetshenziswa, iqinisekise ukuthi zonke izinto ezikhubaza-oksijini zingathintana ngokugcwele nomoya-mpilo. Kuthuthukisa izinga lokusetshenziswa kwezinto ezikhubaza-oksijini ngaphezu kuka-35%, futhi kuqinisekisa ukulingana nokuqina komphumela wokukhubaza-oksijini kuso sonke isikhala sokupakisha. 4. Amandla Okwenza Ngokwezifiso Avumelayo Kusekela izinsizakalo zokwenza ngokwezifiso ezibhekiswe kubantu ngamapharamitha ayinhloko njengosayizi wezinhlayiya (2-100 μm), indawo eqondile (300-900 m²/g) nokwakheka kwezimbotshana (3-100 nm). Ngokwezici zenqubo nezidingo zokusebenza zezimo ezahlukene zokusebenzisa izikhubazi-oksijini (njengokupakisha ukudla, ukupakisha imithi, ukugcina izinto zikagesi, ukugcina imifudu), kuhlinzekwa ngezixazululo zomkhiqizo ezivumelana kakhulu. Isibonelo, ezikhubazini-oksijini zokudla, kungenziwa ngokwezifiso i-silica enosayizi wezinhlayiya ezinhle, enobumsulwa obuphezulu ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha nokuhlakazeka; ezikhubazini-oksijini zezinto zikagesi, kungahlinzekwa imikhiqizo evimbela umswakama futhi enokuqina okuphezulu ukugwema ukulimala komswakama ezintweni zikagesi. 5. Isiqinisekiso Sesevisi Yezobuchwepheshe Yesikhathi Esigcwele Kuhlinzekwa ngosekelo lobuchwepheshe olulodwa oluhlanganisa ngaphambi kokuthengisa, ngesikhathi sokuthengisa nangemva kokuthengisa. Ngaphambi kokuthengisa, kungahlinzekwa izinsizakalo zokuhlola amasampula enziwe ngokwezifiso kanye nokuhlola ukusebenza kokukhubaza-oksijini; ngesikhathi sokuthengisa, kuhlinzekwa ngesiqondiso sobuchwepheshe ngesilinganiso sokuhlanganisa sezinto ezikhubaza-oksijini ne-silica, kanye nesiqondiso senqubo yokusebenzisa; ngemva kokuthengisa, ithimba lochwepheshe le-R&D lilandelela umphumela wokusebenzisa, lixazulule izinkinga zobuchwepheshe njengokuncipha kokusebenza kokukhubaza-oksijini nokuhlanganiswa, futhi lulungise amapharamitha omkhiqizo ngokusekelwe empendulweni yomsebenzisi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuphezulu kwezikhubazi-oksijini. III. Isiqinisekiso Samandla Okukhiqiza I-Shandong Zhonglian Chemistry Co., Ltd., eyasungulwa ngo-2022, iyibhizinisi lobuchwepheshe obuphezulu eligxile ku-R&D nokukhiqizwa kwezinto zamakhemikhali eziphakeme, nelungelo lokungenisa nokuthekelisa ngokuzimela kanye nezitifiketi eziningi (kuhlanganise nesitifiketi somkhiqizo wokudla, ibanga lemithi). Le nkampani inezimvume ezi-2 eziyinhloko emkhakheni wokulungiswa kwe-silica, okuhlanganisa idivayisi yokugaya umoya ephezulu yokukhiqizwa kwe-silica kanye nohlelo lokulungisa oluhlakaniphile lwezinqubo zokuphendula kwe-electrochemical, ihlinzeka ngosekelo oluqinile lobuchwepheshe lokuqhubekisela phambili ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo. Isisekelo sokukhiqiza samukela ukulawulwa kwenqubo eyenziwe kahle, sifakwe izinto zokuhlola ezithuthukisiwe njengezihlaziya zosayizi wezinhlayiya ze-laser, izihlaziya zendawo eqondile nezimbotshana, nezihlaziya ze-X-ray fluorescence, futhi sakhe izinqubo zokuhlola ezigcwele eziyi-18 ezihlanganisa ukuhlanzwa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa, ukuhlanganiswa kwesikhashana kuze kube ukuhlolwa komkhiqizo oqediwe. Ithole isitifiketi sohlelo lokuphatha ikhwalithi lwe-ISO9001 kanye nesitifiketi sokuphepha kokudla, kufezekisa ukulawulwa okujwayelekile kuyo yonke iketango kusuka ku-R&D, ukukhiqizwa kuze kube ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi. IV. Izincazelo Zokupakisha Nokuthutha 1. Izincazelo Zokupakisha Ezijwayelekile Kwamukelwa umklamo wokupakisha ojwayelekile ohambisana nezidingo zokupakisha zokudla nezemithi, kuhlinzekwa ngezinketho zokupakisha izikhwama zamaphepha e-kraft eziyi-25kg kanye nezimvaba zensimbi ezigoqwe nge-galvanized eziyi-50kg ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezahlukene zenani le-oda nezokuthutha. Izinto zokupakisha zenziwe ngezinto ezingenasici, ezinganabuthi futhi ezingangcoli ukuze kugwenywe ukusabela kwamakhemikhali nomkhiqizo futhi kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha nokuhlanzeka komkhiqizo. 2. Umklamo Ochwepheshile Ovimbela Umswakama Nokungcola Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuqina komkhiqizo ngesikhathi sokuthutha nokugcina, kusebenziswa isixazululo sokuvikela esiphindwe kabili: ungqimba lwangaphakathi lusebenzisa ifilimu ye-PE yokudla enobubanzi obungu-≥0.08mm ukuze kuvalwe umswakama, kanti ungqimba lwangaphandle lusebenzisa izikhwama ezilukiwe eziqinile noma izimvaba zensimbi ezigoqwe nge-galvanized ukuze kuvikelwe ukushayisana nokungcola. Kwimikhiqizo ethunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, kusetshenziswa ukupakisha kwe-vacuum + ukuthunyelwa kwesitsha ukuze kugwenywe ukungena komswakama nokungcola okuhlangene ngesikhathi sokuthutha ibanga elide, kuqinisekiswe ukuthi umkhiqizo ugcina ukusebenza kwawo kwasekuqaleni lapho ufika kumakhasimende. 3. Izidingo Zokugcina Nokuthutha - Izimo zokugcina: Kufanele zigcinwe endaweni epholile, eyomile futhi enomoya omuhle, kugwenywe ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu (≥40℃) kanye nemvelo enomswakama (umswakama ohlobene ≤70%), futhi kufanele zigcinwe ngokuhlukile kuma-oxidants, izinsipho ezinamandla nama-alkalis; - Impilo yeshalofu: izinyanga ezingama-36 ngaphansi kwezimo zokugcina ezifanele; - Izici zokuthutha: Lo mkhiqizo uyikhemikhali engadali ingozi, usekela ukuthunyelwa ngolwandle, ngomhlaba, ngomoya nezinye izindlela zokuthutha, futhi ungadluliselwa ngokuphepha ezindaweni ezibekwe ngamakhasimende asekhaya nawangaphandle. Ngesikhathi sokuthutha, kuyadingeka ukugwema ukushayisana okunodlame, imvula nomswakama. 4. Ukulebula Okujwayelekile Wonke umthwalo womkhiqizo uphethwe uphawulwe ngemininingwane yomkhiqizo njengobuntu besikhubazi-oksijini, ubumsulwa, indawo eqondile, usayizi wezimbotshana, inombolo yomthwalo wokukhiqiza kanye nempilo yeshalofu; ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngokwemibandela yemithetho yezimakethe ezahlukene zokuthekelisa kanye nezindawo zokusebenzisa (ukudla, imithi), kungenziwa ngokwezifiso amalebula emilimi eminingi kanye namashidi emininingwane yokuphepha (SDS) ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhambisana namazinga okufinyelela emakethe endawo kanye nemithetho yokuphepha. V. Izindawo Zokusebenzisa Ezisebenzayo Lo mkhiqizo usetshenziswa kabanzi emkhakheni wezikhubazi-oksijini, uhlanganisa izimboni eziningi nezigameko ezidinga ukukhubaza-oksijini, ukuvimbela umswakama nokugcina: 1. Imboni Yokudla Kusetshenziswa njengento esiza izikhubazi-oksijini zokudla, okusebenzayo ezintweni ezibhakiwe, amantongomane, izithelo ezomisiwe, imikhiqizo yenyama, amaswidi, imikhiqizo yezinhlamvu namafutha, njll. Kusiza izinto ezikhubaza-oksijini ukuthi zikwazi ukumunca ngokushesha umoya-mpilo esikhwameni, kugwenywe ukuguga kokudla, ukubola, ukushintsha umbala nokubola, kwandiswe impilo yeshalofu yokudla izikhathi ezi-2-3, futhi kugcinwe ukunambitheka kwasekuqaleni kanye nekhwalithi yokudla. 2. Imboni Yemithi Kusetshenziswa ezikhubazini-oksijini zokupakisha imithi, okuhlanganisa amaphilisi, amakhasimende, izimpushana, imijovo neminye imikhiqizo yemithi. Kungakwazi ukususa ngempumelelo umoya-mpilo esikhwameni, kugwenywe ukuguga kwezithako zemithi, kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kanye nokuqina kwemithi, futhi kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zekhwalithi eziqinile zemboni yemithi. 3. Imboni Yemifudu Kusetshenziswa njengento esiza izikhubazi-oksijini zemifudu, okusebenzayo ezinhlobonhlobo zemifudu eyenziwe ngokuhlanganiswa, izithako zemifudu kanye nemifudu yamanzi. Kuvimbela ukuguga kwemifudu, ukubola nokulahleka kwezakhamzimba ngesikhathi sokugcina, kuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yemifudu, futhi kugwenywe izifo zezilwane ezibangelwa imifudu ebolile. 55. Imboni Yezinto Zikagesi Nemishini Enembayo Kusetshenziswa ezikhubazini-oksijini zezinto zikagesi nemishini enembayo (njengama-chip, izinzwa, imitha enembayo). Akugcini nje ngokukhipha umoya-mpilo esikhwameni ukuvimbela izingxenye zensimbi ukuthi zingagqoli kodwa futhi inokusebenza okuhle kakhulu okuvimbela umswakama, kugwenywe ukulimala komswakama ezintweni zikagesi nemishini enembayo, kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kwazo okujwayelekile kanye nempilo. VI. Isiphetho I-silicon dioxide ye-deoxidizer-grade ye-Shandong Zhonglian Chemistry ibekwe enkabeni ye-"ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kokukhubaza-oksijini, ukwandisa isikhathi sokugcina nokuqinisekisa ukuphepha komkhiqizo". Ngokuncika kubuchwepheshe bokulungiselela obusha, uhlelo oluqinile lokulawula ikhwalithi kanye nethimba lezobuchwepheshe eliqeqeshiwe, lihlinzeka ngezixazululo eziphelele zezikhubazi-oksijini ezizokusiza ezimbonini zokudla, zemithi, zemifudu, zikagesi nezinye izimboni. Le nkampani izibophezele ekuthuthukiseni imboni yezikhubazi-oksijini ngemikhiqizo esezingeni eliphezulu futhi yamukela ngobuqotho imibuzo kanye nokubambisana okuvela kumakhasimende asekhaya nawangaphandle.