I. Isingeniso Somkhiqizo Lo mkhiqizo uyisikhubazi-oksijeni esisebenza kakhulu esenziwe yi-Shandong Zhonglian Chemistry Co., Ltd. yodwa. Kuyinto esetshenziswayo eyenziwe ngokwezifiso eyenzelwe izikhubazi-oksijeni, ehlose ukuxazulula izinkinga eziyinhloko embonini yezikhubazi-oksijeni: "umthamo onganele wokumunca umoya-mpilo obangelwa ukwakheka kwezimbotshana okungalungile, impilo emfushane ngenxa yokumelana nomswakama okungalungile, kanye nomphumela wokukhubaza-oksijeni ongalingani ngenxa yokusabalala okungalungile". Ngokusekelwe ekulawuleni okunembayo kosayizi wezingxenye ezincane kakhulu (nano-scale) nokwakheka kwezimbotshana, kuhlanganiswe nezinqubo zokulungiselela ezithuthukisiwe njengendlela ye-sol-gel kanye nobuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe bokugaywa komoya, lo mkhiqizo awuxazululi kuphela izinkinga eziyinhloko ze-silicon dioxide yakudala ekusetshenzisweni kwezikhubazi-oksijeni, kodwa futhi unokusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokusiza ukumunca umoya-mpilo, ukumelana nomswakama, nokuqina kwezakhiwo. Usasetshenziswa kabanzi ekudleni, emithini, ezifuyweni, ezintweni zikagesi, kumishini enembayo nezinye izindawo ezidinga ukukhubaza-oksijeni nokugcina, futhi uthunyelwa eYurophu, eMelika, eNingizimu-mpumalanga Asia naseMiddle East kanye nezinye izimakethe zamazwe ngamazwe. II. Izinzuzo Eziyinhloko Zomkhiqizo 1. Ukwakheka Kwezimbotshana Okuthuthukisiwe kanye Nomthamo Omkhulu Wokusiza Ukumunca Umoya-mpilo Lo mkhiqizo unendawo eqondile (specific surface area) efanele (≥400 m²/g) nokwakheka kwezimbotshana okulawulekayo (ububanzi bezimbotshana 3-60 nm), okungakwazi ukumunca kahle umswakama emoyeni ngenkathi kuhlinzekwa ngesisekelo esiqinile sezinto ezikhubaza-oksijeni (njengomgqomo wensimbi, ukhola olusebenzayo), kuthuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza nomthamo wokumunca umoya-mpilo wesikhubazi-oksijeni. Indlela yayo eyinhloko isekelwe ekusebenziseni indlela ye-template kanye nendlela ye-sol-gel ethuthukisiwe ukulawula ngokunembayo inqubo yokuqala nokukhula kwamakristalu e-silica, ukufeza ukufanisana okunembayo komthamo wezimbotshana nokusatshalaliswa kobubanzi bezimbotshana nezinye izinhlelo zezikhubazi-oksijeni. Lokhu kuthuthukisa ngempumelelo indawo yokuxhumana phakathi kwezinto ezikhubaza-oksijeni nomoya-mpilo, kusheshe isivinini sokuphendula sokukhubaza-oksijeni, futhi kuqinisekise umphumela osheshayo nowuphelele wokukhubaza-oksijeni. 2. Ubumsulwa Obuphezulu Nokumelana Nomswakama Okuhle Kakhulu Ngokulandela ngokuqinile izidingo eziphakeme zezinto ezisizayo zezikhubazi-oksijeni, lo mkhiqizo unobumsulwa obungu-≥99% kanye nokuqukethwe okuphansi kakhulu kwezinto ezingenasidingo (insimbi esindayo lead ≤0.001%, arsenic ≤0.0003%), okuhambisana ngokuphelele namazinga okudla, imithi, kanye namazinga aphezulu amazwe ngamazwe. Yonke inqubo yokukhiqiza isebenzisa ukuvikelwa ngegazi elingenamoya (inert gas) kanye nobuchwepheshe bokulungiselela izinto zokusetshenziswa ezimsulwa kakhulu, okugwema ngokuyisisekelo ukungena kwezinhlayiya ezingenasidingo ezingathinta umphumela wokukhubaza-oksijeni noma zibangele ukungcola. Inokumelana nomswakama okuhle kakhulu nokuqina kwemvelo, ingagcina ubuqotho bezakhiwo endaweni enomswakama (relative humidity ≤80%), ayimunci umswakama futhi ayihlangani, futhi iqinisekisa ngempumelelo ukusebenza okuzinzile kwesikhathi eside kwesikhubazi-oksijeni. 3. Ukusabalala Okuhle Kakhulu Nokuhambisana Nezinto Ezikhubaza-oksijeni Ngokusekelwe ekusatshalalisweni kosayizi wezingxenye ezincane kakhulu (nano-scale) okuthuthukisiwe (D50=2-12 μm) kanye nobuchwepheshe bokuguqula ubuso, lo mkhiqizo unokusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokusabalala futhi ungahlanganiswa ngokulinganayo nezinto ezahlukahlukene ezikhubaza-oksijeni (njengomgqomo wensimbi, ukhola olusebenzayo, i-zeolite, njll.). Ungakha uhlelo lokusabalala oluqinile nezingxenye ezikhubaza-oksijeni, ugweme ngempumelelo ukuhlanganiswa kwezingxenye ezikhubaza-oksijeni ngesikhathi sokugcina nokusebenzisa, uqinisekise ukuthi ingxenye ngayinye ekhubaza-oksijeni ingathintana ngokugcwele nomoya-mpilo. Kuthuthukisa izinga lokusetshenziswa kwezingxenye ezikhubaza-oksijeni ngaphezu kuka-35%, futhi kuqinisekisa ukulingana nokuqina komphumela wokukhubaza-oksijeni kuyo yonke indawo yokupakisha. 4. Amandla Okwenza Ngokwezifiso Avumelayo Kwesekela izinsizakalo zokwenza ngokwezifiso ezibhekiswe kumapharamitha abalulekile njengosayizi wezingxenye (2-100 μm), indawo eqondile (300-900 m²/g) kanye nokwakheka kwezimbotshana (3-100 nm). Ngokwezici zenqubo nezidingo zokusebenza zezimo ezahlukahlukene zokusebenzisa izikhubazi-oksijeni (njengokupakisha ukudla, ukupakisha imithi, ukugcina izinto zikagesi, ukugcina izifuyo), kuhlinzekwa izixazululo zomkhiqizo ezihambisana kakhulu. Ngokwesibonelo, ezikhubazini-oksijeni zokudla, kungakwenziwa ngokwezifiso i-silica enosayizi wezingxenye ezincane, enobumsulwa obuphezulu ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha nokusabalala; ezikhubazini-oksijeni zezinto zikagesi, kungahlinzekwa imikhiqizo evikela umswakama futhi enokuqina okuphezulu ukugwema ukulimala komswakama ezintweni zikagesi. 5. Isiqinisekiso Sesevisi Yezobuchwepheshe Esigcwele Isikhathi Kuhlinzekwa ukwesekwa kwezobuchwepheshe okuyindawo eyodwa okuhlanganisa ngaphambi kokuthengisa, ngesikhathi sokuthengisa, nangemva kokuthengisa. Ngaphambi kokuthengisa, kungahlinzekwa izinsizakalo zokuhlola amasampula enziwe ngokwezifiso kanye nokuhlola ukusebenza kokukhubaza-oksijeni; ngesikhathi sokuthengisa, kuhlinzekwa isiqondiso sezobuchwepheshe ngesilinganiso sokuhlanganisa sezinto ezikhubaza-oksijeni ne-silica, kanye nesiqondiso senqubo yokusebenzisa; ngemva kokuthengisa, ithimba lochwepheshe lokucwaninga lithuthukisa umphumela wokusebenzisa, lixazulule izinkinga zobuchwepheshe njengokuncipha kokusebenza kokukhubaza-oksijeni nokuhlanganiswa, futhi luthuthukise amapharamitha omkhiqizo ngokusekelwe empendulweni yomsebenzisi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuphelele kwesikhubazi-oksijeni. III. Isiqinisekiso Samandla Okukhiqiza I-Shandong Zhonglian Chemistry Co., Ltd., eyasungulwa ngo-2022, iyibhizinisi lobuchwepheshe obuphezulu eligxile ekucwaningeni nasekukhiqizeni izinto zamakhemikhali eziphakeme, nelungelo lokungenisa nokuthumela ngaphandle elizimele kanye nezitifiketi eziningi (kuhlanganise nesitifiketi somkhiqizo wokudla, imithi). Le nkampani inezimvume ezimbili eziyinhloko emkhakheni wokulungiselela i-silica, okuhlanganisa idivayisi yokugaywa komoya ephezulu kakhulu yokukhiqiza i-silica kanye nohlelo lokuthuthukisa oluhlakaniphile lwezinqubo zokuphendula nge-electrochemical, okuhlinzeka ngesekelo lobuchwepheshe eliqinile ekuthuthukisweni kwekhwalithi yomkhiqizo. Isisekelo sokukhiqiza samukela ukulawulwa kwenqubo eqondile, sihlinzekwa ngemishini yokuhlola ethuthukisiwe njenge-laser particle size analyzers, specific surface area and pore size analyzers, kanye ne-X-ray fluorescence spectrometers, futhi siye sakha izinqubo zokuhlola ezigcwele eziyi-18 ezihlanganisa ukuhlanzwa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa, ukuhlanganiswa kwesikhashana kuze kube ukuhlolwa komkhiqizo ophelile. Kutholwe isitifiketi sohlelo lokuphatha ikhwalithi lwe-ISO9001 kanye nesitifiketi sokuphepha sokudla, kufezekiswe ukulawulwa okujwayelekile kuyo yonke iminyaka kusukela ekucwaningeni, ukukhiqiza kuze kube ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi. IV. Izincazelo Zokupakisha Nokuthutha 1. Izincazelo Zokupakisha Ezejwayelekile Kwamukelwa umklamo wokupakisha ojwayelekile ohambisana nezidingo zokupakisha zokudla nemithi, kuhlinzekwa izinketho zokupakisha izikhwama zephepha le-kraft eziyi-25kg kanye namabhodlela ensimbi agalelwe i-zinc angama-50kg ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezahlukene zenani le-oda nezokuthutha. Izinto zokupakisha zonke zenziwe ngezinto ezingenasidingo, ezinganobuthi futhi ezingangcoli ukuze kugwenywe ukusabela kwamakhemikhali nomkhiqizo futhi kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha nokumsulwa komkhiqizo. 2. Umklamo Ochwepheshe Wokuvikela Umswakama Nokungcola Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuqina komkhiqizo ngesikhathi sokuthutha nokugcina, kusebenziswa isixazululo sokuvikela esiphindwe kabili: ungqimba lwangaphakathi lusebenzisa ifilimu ye-PE yokudla enobubanzi obungu-≥0.08mm ukuze kuvalwe umswakama, kanti ungqimba lwangaphandle lusebenzisa izikhwama ezilukiwe eziqinile noma amabhodlela ensimbi agalelwe i-zinc ukuze kuvikelwe ukushayisana nokungcola. Emikhiqizweni ethunyelwa ngaphandle, kusetshenziswa ukupakisha kwe-vacuum + ukuthunyelwa kwesitsha ukuze kugwenywe ukungena komswakama nokungcola okuxubile ngesikhathi sokuthutha ibanga elide, kuqinisekiswe ukuthi umkhiqizo ugcina ukusebenza kwawo kwasekuqaleni lapho ufika kumakhasimende. 3. Izidingo Zokugcina Nokuthutha - Izimo zokugcina: Kufanele zigcinwe endaweni epholile, eyomile futhi enomoya omuhle, kugwenywe ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu (≥40℃) kanye nendawo enomswakama (relative humidity ≤70%), futhi kufanele zigcinwe ngokuhlukile nezinto ezikhubaza-oksijeni, izinsipho ezinamandla nama-alkali; - Impilo yeshalofu: izinyanga ezingama-36 ngaphansi kwezimo zokugcina ezifanele; - Izici zokuthutha: Lo mkhiqizo uyikhemikhali engenawo ubungozi, usekela ukuthunyelwa ngolwandle, ngomhlaba, ngomoya nezinye izindlela zokuthutha, futhi ungadluliselwa ngokuphepha ezindaweni ezibekwe ngamakhasimende asekhaya naphesheya. Ngesikhathi sokuthutha, kuyadingeka ukugwema ukushayisana okunamandla, imvula nomswakama. 4. Ukulebula Okujwayelekile Wonke umthwalo womkhiqizo wokupakisha uphawulwe ngokuqinile ngolwazi lomkhiqizo njengobumsulwa, indawo eqondile, ububanzi bezimbotshana, inombolo yomthwalo wokukhiqiza kanye nempilo yeshalofu; ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngokwemibandela yemithetho yezimakethe ezahlukene zokuthumela ngaphandle kanye nezindawo zokusebenzisa (ukudla, imithi), kungenziwa ngokwezifiso amalebula emilimi eminingi kanye namashidi emininingo yokuphepha (SDS) ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhambisana namazinga okufinyelela emakethe endawo kanye nemithetho yokuphepha. V. Izindawo Zokusebenzisa Ezisebenzayo Lo mkhiqizo usetshenziswa kabanzi emkhakheni wezikhubazi-oksijeni, uhlanganisa izimboni eziningi nezinqubo ezidinga ukukhubaza-oksijeni, ukuvikela umswakama nokugcina: 1. Imboni Yokudla Kusetshenziswa njengento esizayo ezikhubazini-oksijeni zokudla, okusebenzayo ezintweni ezibhakiwe, amantongomane, izithelo ezomisiwe, imikhiqizo yenyama, amaswidi, imikhiqizo yezinhlamvu namafutha, njll. Kusiza izinto ezikhubaza-oksijeni ukuba zikwazi ukumunca ngokushesha umoya-mpilo ekupakisheni, kugwenywe ukubola kokudla, ukubola, ukushintsha umbala nokubola, kwandiswe impilo yokudla izikhathi ezi-2-3, futhi kugcinwe ukunambitheka kwasekuqaleni kanye nekhwalithi yokudla. 2. Imboni Yemithi Kusetshenziswa ezikhubazini-oksijeni zokupakisha imithi, okuhlanganisa amaphilisi, amakhasimende, izimpushana, imijovo nezinye izimpahla zemithi. Kungakwazi ukususa ngempumelelo umoya-mpilo ekupakisheni, kugwenywe ukubola kwezithako zemithi, kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kanye nokuqina kwemithi, futhi kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo eziqinile zekhwalithi zemboni yemithi. 3. Imboni Yezifuyo Kusetshenziswa njengento esizayo ezikhubazini-oksijeni zezifuyo, okusebenzayo ezifuyweni ezixubile ezahlukahlukene, izithako zezifuyo kanye nezifuyo zasemanzini. Kuvimbela ukubola kwezifuyo, ukubola kanye nokulahleka kwezakhamzimba ngesikhathi sokugcina, kuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yezifuyo, futhi kugwenywe izifo zezilwane ezibangelwa izifuyo ezibolile. 11. Imboni Yezinto Zikagesi Nemishini Enembayo Kusetshenziswa ezikhubazini-oksijeni zezinto zikagesi nemishini enembayo (njengama-chip, izinzwa, imitha enembayo). Akusona kuphela ukuthi kususa umoya-mpilo ekupakisheni ukuze kugwenywe ukugqwala kwezingxenye zensimbi, kodwa futhi kunezinga elihle kakhulu lokuvikela umswakama, kugwenywe ukulimala komswakama ezintweni zikagesi nemishini enembayo, kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kwazo okujwayelekile kanye nempilo. VI. Isiphetho I-silicon dioxide ye-Shandong Zhonglian Chemistry eyenzelwe izikhubazi-oksijeni ibekwe enkabeni ye-"ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kokukhubaza-oksijeni, ukwandisa isikhathi sokugcina nokuqinisekisa ukuphepha komkhiqizo". Ngokusekelwe kubuchwepheshe bokulungiselela obusha, uhlelo oluqinile lokulawula ikhwalithi kanye nethimba lezobuchwepheshe eliqeqeshiwe, kuhlinzekwa izixazululo eziyindawo eyodwa zezinto ezisizayo zezikhubazi-oksijeni ezinkampanini ezimbonini zokudla, imithi, izifuyo, izinto zikagesi nezinye izimboni. Le nkampani izibophezele ekuthuthukiseni imboni yezikhubazi-oksijeni ngemikhiqizo esezingeni eliphezulu futhi yamukela ngobuqotho imibuzo kanye nokubambisana okuvela kumakhasimende asekhaya naphesheya.