I. Isingeniso Somkhiqizo Lo mkhiqizo uyisikhubazi-oksijini esisebenza kakhulu esenziwe yi-Shandong Zhonglian Chemistry Co., Ltd. yodwa. Kuyinto esetshenziswayo eyenziwe ngokwezifiso eyenzelwe izikhubazi-oksijini, ehlose ukuxazulula izinkinga eziyinhloko embonini yezikhubazi-oksijini: "umthamo onganele wokumunca umoya-mpilo obangelwa ukwakheka kwezimbotshana okungalungile, impilo emfushane ngenxa yokumelana nomswakama okungalungile, kanye nomphumela wokukhubaza i-oksijini ongalingani ngenxa yokusabalala okungalungile". Ngokusekelwe ekulawuleni okunembayo kosayizi wezingxenye ze-nano kanye nokwakheka kwezimbotshana, kuhlanganiswe nezinqubo zokulungiselela ezithuthukisiwe njengendlela ye-sol-gel kanye nobuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe bokugaya ngomoya, lo mkhiqizo awuxazululi kuphela izinkinga eziyinhloko ze-silicon dioxide yakudala ekusetshenzisweni kwezikhubazi-oksijini, kodwa futhi unokusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokusiza ukumunca i-oksijini, ukumelana nomswakama, kanye nokuzinza kwezakhiwo. Usasetshenziswa kabanzi ekudleni, emithini, ezifuyweni, ezintweni zikagesimende, ezinsizeni eziqine kakhulu nezinye izindawo ezidinga ukukhubaza i-oksijini nokugcina, futhi uthunyelwa eYurophu, eMelika, eNingizimu-mpumalanga Asia naseMiddle East kanye nezinye izimakethe zamazwe ngamazwe. II. Izinzuzo Eziyinhloko Zomkhiqizo 1. Ukwakheka Kwezimbotshana Okuthuthukisiwe kanye Nomthamo Omkhulu Wokusiza Ukumunca i-oksijini Lo mkhiqizo unendawo ethile enobubanzi obufanele (≥400 m²/g) kanye nokwakheka kwezimbotshana okulawulekayo (ububanzi bezimbotshana 3-60 nm), okungakwazi ukumunca kahle umswakama emoyeni ngenkathi kuhlinzekwa ngesisekelo esizinzile sezinto ezikhubaza i-oksijini (njengomgqomo wensimbi, ukhola olusebenzayo), kuthuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kahle komthamo wokumunca i-oksijini wesikhubazi-oksijini. Indlela yayo eyinhloko isekelwe ekusebenziseni indlela ye-template kanye nendlela ye-sol-gel ethuthukisiwe ukulawula ngokunembayo inqubo yokuqala nokukhula kwamakristalu e-silica, ukufeza ukufanisana okunembayo komthamo wezimbotshana nokusatshalaliswa kwezimbotshana nezinhlelo ezahlukene zezikhubazi-oksijini. Lokhu kuthuthukisa ngempumelelo indawo yokuxhumana phakathi kwezinto ezikhubaza i-oksijini ne-oksijini, kusheshe isivinini sokuphendula sokukhubaza i-oksijini, futhi kuqinisekise umphumela osheshayo nowuphelele wokukhubaza i-oksijini. 2. Ukuhlanzeka Okuphezulu Nokumelana Nomswakama Okuhle Kakhulu Ngokulandela ngokuqinile izidingo eziphakeme zezinto ezisetshenziswa ezikhubazini-oksijini, lo mkhiqizo unokuhlanzeka okungu-≥99% kanye nokuqukethwe okuncane kakhulu kwezinto ezingcolile (insimbi esindayo i-lead ≤0.001%, i-arsenic ≤0.0003%), okuhambisana ngokuphelele namazinga kazwelonke okudla, imithi, namazinga aphezulu aphesheya. Yonke inqubo yokukhiqiza isebenzisa ukuvikelwa ngegazi elingenamoya kanye nobuchwepheshe bokulungiselela izinto ezingavuthiwe eziphakeme kakhulu, okugwema ngokuyisisekelo ukungeniswa kwezinhlayiya ezingcolile ezingathinta umphumela wokukhubaza i-oksijini noma zibangele ukungcola. Inokumelana nomswakama okuhle kakhulu kanye nokuzinza kwemvelo, ingagcina ubuqotho bezakhiwo endaweni enomswakama (umswakama ohlobene ≤80%), ayimunci umswakama futhi ayihlanganisi, futhi iqinisekisa ngempumelelo ukusebenza okuzinzile kwesikhathi eside kwesikhubazi-oksijini. 3. Ukusabalala Okuhle Kakhulu kanye Nokuhambisana Nezinto Ezikhubaza i-oksijini Ngokusekelwe ekusatshalalisweni kosayizi wezingxenye ze-nano okuthuthukisiwe (D50=2-12 μm) kanye nobuchwepheshe bokuguqula ubuso, lo mkhiqizo unokusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokusabalala futhi ungahlanganiswa ngokulinganayo nezinto ezahlukene ezikhubaza i-oksijini (njengomgqomo wensimbi, ukhola olusebenzayo, i-zeolite, njll.). Ingakha uhlelo lokusabalala oluzinzile ngezinto ezikhubaza i-oksijini, igweme ngempumelelo ukuhlanganiswa kwezinto ezikhubaza i-oksijini ngesikhathi sokugcina nokusebenzisa, iqinisekise ukuthi zonke izinto ezikhubaza i-oksijini zingathintana ngokugcwele ne-oksijini. Kuthuthukisa izinga lokusetshenziswa kwezinto ezikhubaza i-oksijini ngaphezu kuka-35%, futhi kuqinisekisa ukulingana nokuzinza komphumela wokukhubaza i-oksijini kuso sonke isikhala sokupakisha. 4. Amandla Okwenza Ngokwezifiso Avumelayo Kusekela izinsizakalo zokwenza ngokwezifiso eziyimfihlo zamapharamitha ayinhloko njengosayizi wezingxenye (2-100 μm), indawo ethile (300-900 m²/g), kanye nokwakheka kwezimbotshana (3-100 nm). Ngokwezici zenqubo nezidingo zokusebenza zezimo ezahlukene zokusebenzisa izikhubazi-oksijini (njengokupakisha ukudla, ukupakisha imithi, ukugcina izinto zikagesimende, ukugcina izifuyo), kuhlinzekwa ngezixazululo zomkhiqizo ezivumelana kakhulu. Ngokwesibonelo, ezikhubazini-oksijini zokudla, kungakwazi ukwenza ngokwezifiso i-silica enosayizi wezingxenye ezinhle, ehlanzekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha nokusabalala; ezikhubazini-oksijini zezinto zikagesimende, kungahlinzekwa ngemikhiqizo evikela umswakama futhi ezimile kakhulu ukugwema ukulimala okubangelwa umswakama ezintweni. 5. Isiqinisekiso Sesevisi Yezobuchwepheshe Yesikhathi Esigcwele Kuhlinzekwa ngosekelo lobuchwepheshe olulodwa oluhlanganisa ngaphambi kokuthengisa, ngesikhathi sokuthengisa, nangemva kokuthengisa. Ngaphambi kokuthengisa, kungahlinzekwa ngezinsizakalo zokuhlola amasampula ngokwezifiso kanye nokuhlola ukusebenza kokukhubaza i-oksijini; ngesikhathi sokuthengisa, kuhlinzekwa ngesiqondiso sobuchwepheshe esihlobene nesilinganiso sokuhlanganisa izinto ezikhubaza i-oksijini ne-silica, kanye nesiqondiso senqubo yokusebenzisa; ngemva kokuthengisa, ithimba lochwepheshe le-R&D lilandelela umphumela wokusebenzisa, lixazulule izinkinga zobuchwepheshe njengokuncipha kokusebenza kokukhubaza i-oksijini nokuhlanganiswa, futhi luthuthukise amapharamitha omkhiqizo ngokusekelwe empendulweni yomsebenzisi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuphelele kwesikhubazi-oksijini. III. Isiqinisekiso Samandla Okukhiqiza I-Shandong Zhonglian Chemistry Co., Ltd., eyasungulwa ngo-2022, iyibhizinisi lobuchwepheshe obuphezulu eligxile ku-R&D kanye nokukhiqizwa kwezinto zamakhemikhali eziphezulu, elinamalungelo okungenisa nokuthekelisa azimele kanye nezitifiketi eziningi (kuhlanganise nesitifiketi somkhiqizo wokudla, imithi). Le nkampani inezimvume ezimbili eziyinhloko emkhakheni wokulungiselela i-silica, okuhlanganisa idivayisi yokugaya ngomoya ephezulu yokukhiqiza i-silica kanye nohlelo lokuthuthukisa oluhlakaniphile lwezinqubo zokuphendula nge-electrochemical, okuhlinzeka ngosekelo oluqinile lobuchwepheshe loku thuthukisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo. Isisekelo sokukhiqiza samukela ukulawulwa kwezinqubo eziyinhloko, sihlinzekwa ngemishini yokuhlola ethuthukisiwe njenge-laser particle size analyzers, specific surface area and pore size analyzers, kanye ne-X-ray fluorescence spectrometers, futhi siye saqala izinqubo eziyi-18 zokuhlola ezihlanganisa ukuhlanzwa kwezinto ezingavuthiwe, ukuhlanganiswa kwesikhashana kuze kube ukuhlolwa komkhiqizo oqediwe. Kutholwe isitifiketi sohlelo lokuphatha ikhwalithi lwe-ISO9001 kanye nesitifiketi sokuphepha sokudla, kufezekiswe ukulawulwa okujwayelekile kwayo yonke imiqulu kusukela ku-R&D, ukukhiqiza kuze kube ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi. IV. Izincazelo Zokupakisha Nokuthutha 1. Izincazelo Zokupakisha Ezejwayelekile Kwamukelwa umklamo wokupakisha ojwayelekile ohambisana nezidingo zokupakisha zokudla nemithi, kuhlinzekwa ngezinketho zokupakisha izikhwama zamaphepha e-kraft eziyi-25kg kanye nezimbiza zensimbi ezihlanganisiwe eziyi-50kg ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezahlukene zezinani le-oda nezokuthutha. Izinto zokupakisha zenziwe ngezinto ezingenasici, ezinganobuthi futhi ezingangcoli ukuze kugwenywe ukusabela kwamakhemikhali nomkhiqizo futhi kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha nokuhlanzeka komkhiqizo. 2. Umklamo Ochwepheshe Wokuvikela Umswakama Nokungcola Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuzinza komkhiqizo ngesikhathi sokuthutha nokugcina, kusebenziswa isixazululo sokuvikela esiphindwe kabili: ungqimba lwangaphakathi lusebenzisa ifilimu ye-PE yokudla enobubanzi obungu-≥0.08mm ukuze kuvalwe umswakama, kanti ungqimba lwangaphandle lusebenzisa izikhwama ezilukiwe eziqinile noma izimbiza zensimbi ezihlanganisiwe ukuze kuvikelwe ukushayisana nokungcola. Emikhiqizweni ethunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, kusetshenziswa ukupakisha kwe-vacuum + ukuthunyelwa kwesitsha ukuze kugwenywe ukungena komswakama nokungcola okuhlangene ngesikhathi sokuthutha ibanga elide, kuqinisekiswe ukuthi umkhiqizo ugcina ukusebenza kwawo kwasekuqaleni lapho ufika kumakhasimende. 3. Izidingo Zokugcina Nokuthutha - Izimo zokugcina: Kufanele zigcinwe endaweni epholile, eyomile futhi enomoya omuhle, kugwenywe ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu (≥40℃) kanye nemvelo enomswakama (umswakama ohlobene ≤70%), futhi kufanele kugcinwe ngokuhlukile nezinto ezikhubaza i-oksijini, izinsipho ezinamandla, kanye ne-alkalis; - Impilo yeshalofu: izinyanga ezingama-36 ngaphansi kwezimo zokugcina ezifanele; - Izici zokuthutha: Lo mkhiqizo uyikhemikhali engadali ingozi, usekela ukuthunyelwa ngolwandle, ngomhlaba, ngomoya nezinye izindlela zokuthutha, futhi ungathunyelwa ngokuphepha ezindaweni ezibekwe ngamakhasimende asekhaya naphesheya. Ngesikhathi sokuthutha, kuyadingeka ukugwema ukushayisana okunamandla, imvula nomswakama. 4. Ukulebula Okujwayelekile Wonke umthwalo womkhiqizo wokupakisha ubhalwe ngokuqinile ngolwazi lomkhiqizo njengobubhalo besikhubazi-oksijini, ukuhlanzeka, indawo ethile, usayizi wezimbotshana, inombolo yomthwalo wokukhiqiza, kanye nempilo yeshalofu; ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngokwemibandela yemithetho yezimakethe ezahlukene zokuthekelisa kanye nezindawo zokusebenzisa (ukudla, imithi), izilebula ezinezilimi eziningi kanye namashidi emininingwane yokuphepha (SDS) angakwazi ukwenziwa ngokwezifiso ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhambisana namazinga okufinyelela emakethe endawo kanye nemithetho yokuphepha. V. Izindawo Zokusebenzisa Ezisebenzayo Lo mkhiqizo usetshenziswa kabanzi emkhakheni wezikhubazi-oksijini, uhlanganisa izimboni eziningi nezinye izimo ezidinga ukukhubaza i-oksijini, ukuvimbela umswakama, nokugcina: 1. Imboni Yokudla Kusetshenziswa njengento esetshenziswayo ezikhubazini-oksijini zokudla, okusebenzayo ezintweni ezibhakiwe, amantongomane, izithelo ezomisiwe, imikhiqizo yenyama, amaswidi, imikhiqizo yezinhlamvu namafutha, njll. Kusekela izinto ezikhubaza i-oksijini ukuba zimunce ngokushesha i-oksijini esikhwameni sokupakisha, kugwenywe ukubola kokudla, ukubola, ukushintsha umbala, nokubola, kwandiswe impilo yeshalofu yokudla izikhathi ezi-2-3, futhi kugcinwe ukunambitheka kwasekuqaleni kanye nekhwalithi yokudla. 2. Imboni Yemithi Kusetshenziswa ezikhubazini-oksijini zokupakisha imithi, okuhlanganisa amaphilisi, amakhasimende, izimpushana, imijovo nezinye izimpahla zemithi. Kungakwazi ukususa ngempumelelo i-oksijini esikhwameni sokupakisha, kugwenywe ukubola kwezithako zemithi, kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kahle nokuzinza kwemithi, futhi kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo eziqinile zekhwalithi zemboni yemithi. 3. Imboni Yezifuyo Kusetshenziswa njengento esetshenziswayo ezikhubazini-oksijini zezifuyo, okusebenzayo ezinhlobonhlobo zezifuyo ezihlanganisiwe, izithako zezifuyo, kanye nezifuyo zasemanzini. Kuvimbela ukubola kwezifuyo, ukubola, nokulahleka kwezinto ezibalulekile ngesikhathi sokugcina, kuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yezifuyo, futhi kugwenywe izifo zezilwane ezibangelwa izifuyo ezibolile. 40. Imboni Yezinto Zikagesimende Nezinsizakalo Eziqine Kakhulu Kusetshenziswa ezikhubazini-oksijini zezinto zikagesimende nezinsizakalo eziqine kakhulu (njengama-chip, izinzwa, izilinganiso eziqine kakhulu). Akugcini nje ngokukhipha i-oksijini esikhwameni sokupakisha ukuze kugwenywe ukugqwala kwezingxenye zensimbi, kodwa futhi kunokusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokuvikela umswakama, kugwenywe ukulimala okubangelwa umswakama ezintweni zikagesimende nezinsizakalo eziqine kakhulu, kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kwazo okujwayelekile kanye nempilo yazo. VI. Isiphetho I-silicon dioxide ye-Shandong Zhonglian Chemistry eyenzelwe izikhubazi-oksijini ibekwe enkabeni ye-"ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kokukhubaza i-oksijini, ukwandisa isikhathi sokugcina, nokwenza isiqiniseko sokuphepha komkhiqizo". Ngokusekelwe kubuchwepheshe bokulungiselela obusha, uhlelo oluqinile lokulawula ikhwalithi, kanye nethimba lezinsizakalo zobuchwepheshe, kuhlinzekwa ngezixazululo eziphelele zezinto ezisetshenziswa ezikhubazini-oksijini ezinkampanini ezimbonini zokudla, zemithi, zezifuyo, zikagesimende nezinye izimboni. Le nkampani izibophezele ekuthuthukiseni imboni yezikhubazi-oksijini ngemikhiqizo esezingeni eliphezulu futhi yamukela ngobuqotho imibuzo kanye nokubambisana okuvela kumakhasimende asekhaya naphesheya.