I. Isingeniso Somkhiqizo Lo mkhiqizo uyisikhubazi-oksijeni esisebenza kakhulu esenziwe nge-silicon dioxide esithuthukiswe ngokuzimela yiShandong Zhonglian Chemistry Co., Ltd. Kuyinto esetshenziswa ngokwezifiso eyenzelwe ngokukhethekile izikhubazi-oksijeni, ehlose ukuxazulula izinkinga eziyinhloko embonini yezikhubazi-oksijeni: "umthamo onganele wokumunca umoya-mpilo obangelwa ukwakheka kwezimbotshana okungalungile, impilo emfushane ngenxa yokumelana nomswakama okungalungile, kanye nomphumela wokukhubaza-oksijeni ongalingani ngenxa yokusabalala okungalungile". Ngokusekelwe ekulawuleni okunembayo kosayizi wezingxenye ezincane kakhulu (nano-scale) nokwakheka kwezimbotshana, kuhlanganiswe nezinqubo zokulungiselela ezithuthukisiwe njengendlela ye-sol-gel kanye nobuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe bokugudla komoya, lo mkhiqizo awuxazululi kuphela izinkinga eziyinhloko ze-silicon dioxide yakudala ekusetshenzisweni kwezikhubazi-oksijeni, kodwa futhi unokusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokusiza ukumunca umoya-mpilo, ukumelana nomswakama, nokuzinza kwezakhiwo. Usasetshenziswa kabanzi ekudleni, emithini, ekudleni kwezilwane, ezintweni zikagesi, kumishini enembayo nezinye izindawo ezidinga ukukhubaza-oksijeni nokugcina, futhi uthunyelwa eYurophu, eMelika, eNingizimu-mpumalanga Asia naseMiddle East kanye nezinye izimakethe zamazwe ngamazwe. II. Izinzuzo Eziyinhloko Zomkhiqizo 1. Ukwakheka Kwezimbotshana Okuthuthukisiwe kanye Nomthamo Omkhulu Wokusiza Ukumunca Umoya-mpilo Lo mkhiqizo unendawo eqondile (specific surface area) efanele (≥400 m²/g) nokwakheka kwezimbotshana okungalawulwa (ububanzi bobukhulu bezimbotshana 3-60 nm), okungakwazi ukumunca kahle umswakama emvelweni ngenkathi kuhlinzekwa isithwali esizinzile sezinto ezikhubaza-oksijeni (njenge-iron powder, i-activated carbon), kuthuthukiswa kakhulu ukusebenza kahle komthamo wokumunca umoya-mpilo wesikhubazi-oksijeni. Indlela yayo eyinhloko isekelwe ekusebenziseni indlela ye-template kanye nendlela ye-sol-gel ethuthukisiwe ukulawula ngokunembayo inqubo yokuqala nokukhula kwamakristalu e-silica, ukufeza ukufanisana okunembayo komthamo wezimbotshana nokusatshalaliswa kobukhulu bezimbotshana nezinhlelo ezahlukene zezikhubazi-oksijeni. Lokhu kuthuthukisa ngempumelelo indawo yokuxhumana phakathi kwezinto ezikhubaza-oksijeni nomoya-mpilo, kusheshe isivinini sokuphendula sokukhubaza-oksijeni, futhi kuqinisekise umphumela osheshayo nogcwele wokukhubaza-oksijeni. 2. Ukuhlanzeka Okuphezulu Nokumelana Nomswakama Okuhle Kakhulu Ngokulandela ngokuqinile izidingo eziphakeme kakhulu zezinto ezisizayo zezikhubazi-oksijeni, lo mkhiqizo unokuhlanzeka okungu-≥99% kanye nokuqukethwe okuphansi kakhulu kwezinto ezingcolile (i-heavy metal lead ≤0.001%, i-arsenic ≤0.0003%), okuhambisana ngokuphelele namazinga kazwelonke okudla, imithi, namazinga aphezulu amazwe ngamazwe. Yonke inqubo yokukhiqiza isebenzisa ukuvikelwa ngegazi elingenamoya (inert gas) kanye nobuchwepheshe bokulungiselela izinto zokusetshenziswa ezingcolile kakhulu, okugwema ngokuyisisekelo ukungeniswa kwezinhlayiya ezingcolile ezingathinta umphumela wokukhubaza-oksijeni noma zibangele ukungcola. Inokumelana nomswakama okuhle kakhulu nokuzinza kwemvelo, ingagcina ubuqotho bezakhiwo endaweni enomswakama (relative humidity ≤80%), ayimunci umswakama futhi ayihlanganisi, futhi iqinisekisa ngempumelelo ukusebenza okuzinzile kwesikhathi eside kwesikhubazi-oksijeni. 3. Ukusabalala Okuhle Kakhulu Nokuhambisana Nezinto Ezikhubaza-oksijeni Ngokusekelwe ekusatshalalisweni okuthuthukisiwe kosayizi wezingxenye ezincane kakhulu (nano-scale) (D50=2-12 μm) kanye nobuchwepheshe bokuguqula ubuso, lo mkhiqizo unokusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokusabalala futhi ungahlanganiswa ngokulinganayo nezinto ezahlukene ezikhubaza-oksijeni (njenge-iron powder, i-activated carbon, i-zeolite, njll.). Ungakha uhlelo lokusabalala oluzinzile nezingxenye ezikhubaza-oksijeni, ugweme ngempumelelo ukuhlanganiswa kwezingxenye ezikhubaza-oksijeni ngesikhathi sokugcina nokusebenzisa, uqinisekise ukuthi ingxenye ngayinye ekhubaza-oksijeni ingathintana ngokugcwele nomoya-mpilo. Kuthuthukisa izinga lokusetshenziswa kwezingxenye ezikhubaza-oksijeni ngaphezu kuka-35%, futhi kuqinisekisa ukulingana nokuzinza komphumela wokukhubaza-oksijeni kuyo yonke indawo yokupakisha. 4. Amandla Okwenza Ngokwezifiso Avumelayo Isekela izinsizakalo zokwenza ngokwezifiso ezibhekiswe kumapharamitha abalulekile njengosayizi wezingxenye (2-100 μm), indawo eqondile (300-900 m²/g) nokwakheka kwezimbotshana (3-100 nm). Ngokwezici zenqubo nezidingo zokusebenza zezimo ezahlukene zokusebenzisa izikhubazi-oksijeni (njengokupakisha ukudla, ukupakisha imithi, ukugcina izinto zikagesi, ukugcina izinto zokudla kwezilwane), ihlinzeka ngezixazululo zomkhiqizo ezivumelana kakhulu. Ngokwesibonelo, ezikhubazini-oksijeni zokudla, ingenza ngokwezifiso i-silica enosayizi omncane wezingxenye, ehlanzeke kakhulu ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha nokusabalala; ezikhubazini-oksijeni zezinto zikagesi, ingahlinzeka ngemikhiqizo evimbela umswakama futhi ezimile kakhulu ukuze kugwenywe ukulimala okubangelwa umswakama ezintweni. 5. Isiqinisekiso Sesevisi Yezobuchwepheshe Esigcwele Isikhathi Ihlanganisa ukwesekwa kwezobuchwepheshe okuyindawo eyodwa okuhlanganisa ngaphambi kokuthengisa, ngesikhathi sokuthengisa, nangemva kokuthengisa. Ngaphambi kokuthengisa, ingahlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zokuhlola amasampula enziwe ngokwezifiso kanye nokuhlola ukusebenza kokukhubaza-oksijeni; ngesikhathi sokuthengisa, ihlinzeka ngesiqondiso sezobuchwepheshe ngesilinganiso sokuhlanganisa sezinto ezikhubaza-oksijeni ne-silica, kanye nesiqondiso senqubo yokusebenzisa; ngemva kokuthengisa, ithimba lochwepheshe le-R&D lilandelela umphumela wokusebenzisa, lixazulule izinkinga zobuchwepheshe njengokuncipha kokusebenza kokukhubaza-oksijeni nokuhlanganiswa, futhi luthuthukise amapharamitha omkhiqizo ngokusekelwe empendulweni yomsebenzisi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuphelele kwesikhubazi-oksijeni. III. Isiqinisekiso Samandla Okukhiqiza I-Shandong Zhonglian Chemistry Co., Ltd., eyasungulwa ngo-2022, iyibhizinisi lobuchwepheshe obuphezulu eligxile ku-R&D kanye nokukhiqizwa kwezinto zamakhemikhali ezingaphezulu, nelungelo lokungenisa nokuthumela ngaphandle elizimele kanye nezitifiketi eziningi (kuhlanganise nesitifiketi somkhiqizo wokudla, imithi). Le nkampani inezimvume ezimbili eziyinhloko emkhakheni wokulungiswa kwe-silica, okuhlanganisa idivayisi yokugudla umoya ephezulu yokukhiqiza i-silica kanye nohlelo lokuthuthukisa oluhlakaniphile lwezinqubo zokuphendula nge-electrochemical, ihlinzeka ngokwesekwa okuqinile kwezobuchwepheshe ekuthuthukisweni kwekhwalithi yomkhiqizo. Isisekelo sokukhiqiza samukela ukulawulwa kwenqubo eyenziwe kahle, sihlinzekwa ngemishini yokuhlola ethuthukisiwe njenge-laser particle size analyzers, i-specific surface area and pore size analyzers, kanye ne-X-ray fluorescence spectrometers, futhi siye saqala izinqubo eziyi-18 zokuhlola ezihlanganisa ukuhlanzwa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa, ukuhlanganiswa kwesikhashana kuze kube ukuhlolwa komkhiqizo oqediwe. Ithole isitifiketi sohlelo lokulawula ikhwalithi lwe-ISO9001 kanye nesitifiketi sokuphepha sokudla, siqaphela ukulawulwa okujwayelekile kuyo yonke iketango kusuka ku-R&D, ukukhiqiza kuze kube ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi. IV. Izincazelo Zokupakisha Nokuthutha 1. Izincazelo Zokupakisha Ezejwayelekile Ukusebenzisa umklamo wokupakisha ojwayelekile ohambisana nezidingo zokupakisha zokudla nemithi, kuhlinzekwa ngezinketho zokupakisha izikhwama zephepha le-kraft ezingama-25kg kanye namadumbe ensimbi agalelwe i-zinc angama-50kg ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezahlukene zenani le-oda nezokuthutha. Izinto zokupakisha zenziwe ngezinto ezingenaso isenzo, ezinganabuthi, ezingangcoli ukuze kugwenywe ukusabela kwamakhemikhali nomkhiqizo futhi kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha nokuhlanzeka komkhiqizo. 2. Umklamo Ochwepheshe Wokuvimbela Umswakama Nokungcola Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuzinza komkhiqizo ngesikhathi sokuthutha nokugcina, kusetshenziswa isixazululo sokuvikela esiphindwe kabili: ungqimba lwangaphakathi lusebenzisa ifilimu ye-PE yokudla enobukhulu obungu-≥0.08mm ukuze kuvalwe umswakama, kanti ungqimba lwangaphandle lusebenzisa izikhwama ezilukiwe eziqinile noma amadumbe ensimbi agalelwe i-zinc ukuze kuvikelwe ukushayisana nokungcola. Emikhiqizweni ethunyelwa ngaphandle, kusetshenziswa ukupakisha kwe-vacuum + ukuthunyelwa kwesitsha ukuze kugwenywe ukungena komswakama nokungcola okuhlangene ngesikhathi sokuthutha ibanga elide, kuqinisekiswe ukuthi umkhiqizo ugcina ukusebenza kwawo kwasekuqaleni lapho ufika kumakhasimende. 3. Izidingo Zokugcina Nokuthutha - Izimo zokugcina: Kufanele zigcinwe endaweni epholile, eyomile futhi enomoya omuhle, kugwenywe ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu (≥40℃) kanye nendawo enomswakama (relative humidity ≤70%), futhi kufanele zigcinwe ngokuhlukile nezinto ezikhubaza-oksijeni, izinsipho ezinamandla ne-alkalis; - Impilo yeshalofu: izinyanga ezingama-36 ngaphansi kwezimo zokugcina ezifanele; - Izici zokuthutha: Lo mkhiqizo uyikhemikhali engadali ingozi, usekela ukuthunyelwa ngolwandle, ngomhlaba, ngomoya nezinye izindlela zokuthutha, futhi ungadluliselwa ngokuphepha ezindaweni ezibekwe ngamakhasimende asekhaya naphesheya. Ngesikhathi sokuthutha, kuyadingeka ukugwema ukushayisana okunamandla, imvula nomswakama. 4. Ukulebula Okujwayelekile Wonke umthwalo womkhiqizo uphethwe ngokucacile ngolwazi lomkhiqizo njengobuntu besikhubazi-oksijeni esisizayo, ukuhlanzeka, indawo eqondile, ubukhulu bezimbotshana, inombolo yomthwalo wokukhiqiza kanye nempilo yeshalofu; ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngokwemibandela yemithetho yezimakethe ezahlukene zokuthunyelwa ngaphandle nezindawo zokusebenzisa (ukudla, imithi), kungenziwa amalebula emilimi eminingi kanye namashidi emininingwane yokuphepha (SDS) ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhambisana namazinga okufinyelela emakethe endawo kanye nemithetho yokuphepha. V. Izindawo Zokusebenzisa Ezisebenzayo Lo mkhiqizo usetshenziswa kabanzi emkhakheni wezikhubazi-oksijeni, uhlanganisa izimboni eziningi nezinye izimo ezidinga ukukhubaza-oksijeni, ukuvimbela umswakama nokugcina: 1. Imboni Yokudla Usasetshenziswa njengento esizayo ezikhubazini-oksijeni zokudla, ezisebenza ezintweni ezibhakiwe, amantongomane, izithelo ezomisiwe, imikhiqizo yenyama, amaswidi, imikhiqizo yezinhlamvu namafutha, njll. Usiza izinto ezikhubaza-oksijeni ukuba zikwazi ukumunca ngokushesha umoya-mpilo esikhwameni, kugwenywe ukuguga kokudla, ukubola, ukushintsha umbala nokubola, kwandiswe impilo yeshalofu yokudla izikhathi ezi-2-3, futhi kugcinwe ukunambitheka kwasekuqaleni kanye nekhwalithi yokudla. 2. Imboni Yemithi Usasetshenziswa ezikhubazini-oksijeni zokupakisha imithi, okuhlanganisa amaphilisi, amakhasimende, izimpushana, imijovo nezinye izimpahla zemithi. Ungakwazi ukususa ngempumelelo umoya-mpilo esikhwameni, uvimbele izithako zemithi ukuba zingagugi futhi zingonakali, uqinisekise ukusebenza kahle nokuzinza kwemithi, futhi uhlangabezane nezidingo eziqinile zekhwalithi zemboni yemithi. 3. Imboni Yokudla Kwezilwane Usasetshenziswa njengento esizayo ezikhubazini-oksijeni zokudla kwezilwane, ezisebenza ezinhlobonhlobo zokudla okuhlanganisiwe, izithako zokudla kwezilwane kanye nokudla kwezilwane zasemanzini. Kuvimbela ukuguga kokudla kwezilwane, ukubola nokulahleka kwezakhamzimba ngesikhathi sokugcina, kuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokudla kwezilwane, futhi kugwenywe izifo zezilwane ezibangelwa ukudla okubolile. 31. Imboni Yezinto Zikagesi Nemishini Enembayo Usasetshenziswa ezikhubazini-oksijeni zezinto zikagesi nemishini enembayo (njengezichiphu, izinzwa, imitha enembayo). Akusona kuphela ukuthi kususa umoya-mpilo esikhwameni ukuze kuvinjwe ukugqwala kwezingxenye zensimbi, kodwa futhi inokusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokuvimbela umswakama, kugwenywe ukulimala okubangelwa umswakama ezintweni zikagesi nemishini enembayo, kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kwazo okujwayelekile kanye nempilo. VI. Isiphetho I-silicon dioxide ye-Shandong Zhonglian Chemistry eyenzelwe izikhubazi-oksijeni ibekwe enkabeni ye-"ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kokukhubaza-oksijeni, ukwandisa isikhathi sokugcina nokwenza isiqiniseko sokuphepha komkhiqizo". Ngokusekelwe kubuchwepheshe obusha bokulungiselela, uhlelo oluqinile lokulawula ikhwalithi kanye nethimba lezobuchwepheshe elichwepheshile, ihlinzeka ngezixazululo eziyindawo eyodwa zezikhubazi-oksijeni ezisizayo ezinkampanini zezimboni zokudla, zemithi, zezokudla kwezilwane, zezinto zikagesi nezinye izimboni. Le nkampani izibophezele ekuthuthukiseni imboni yezikhubazi-oksijeni ngemikhiqizo esezingeni eliphezulu futhi yamukela ngobuqotho imibuzo kanye nokubambisana okuvela kumakhasimende asekhaya naphesheya.