I. Isingeniso Somkhiqizo Lo mkhiqizo uyisikhubazi-oksijini esisebenza kakhulu esenziwe nge-silicon dioxide esithuthukiswe ngokuzimela yiShandong Zhonglian Chemistry Co., Ltd. Kuyinto esetshenziswa ngokwezifiso eyenzelwe ngokukhethekile izikhubazi-oksijini, ehlose ukuxazulula izinkinga eziyinhloko embonini yezikhubazi-oksijini: "umthamo onganele wokumunca umoya-mpilo obangelwa ukwakheka kwezimbotshana okungalungile, impilo emfushane ngenxa yokumelana nomswakama okungalungile, nomphumela wokukhubaza-oksijini ongalingani ngenxa yokuhlakazeka okungalungile". Ngokusekelwe ekulawuleni okunembayo kosayizi wezingxenye ze-nano nesakhiwo sezimbotshana, kuhlanganiswe nezinqubo zokulungiselela ezithuthukisiwe njengendlela ye-sol-gel kanye nobuchwepheshe bokugaya umoya obulungisiwe, lo mkhiqizo awuxazululi kuphela izinkinga eziyinhloko ze-silicon dioxide yakudala ekusetshenzisweni kwezikhubazi-oksijini, kodwa futhi unokusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokusiza ukumunca umoya-mpilo, ukumelana nomswakama, nokuqina kwesakhiwo. Usasetshenziswa kabanzi ekudleni, emithini, ezifuyweni, ezintweni zikagesi, ezinsizeni eziqine kakhulu nezinye izindawo ezidinga ukukhubaza-oksijini nokugcina, futhi uthunyelwa eYurophu, eMelika, eNingizimu-mpumalanga Asia naseMiddle East nezinye izimakethe zamazwe ngamazwe. II. Izinzuzo Eziyinhloko Zomkhiqizo 1. Isakhiwo Sezimbotshana Esilungisiwe Nomthamo Omkhulu Wokusiza Ukumunca Umoya-mpilo Lo mkhiqizo unendawo eqondile efanelekayo (≥400 m²/g) nesakhiwo sezimbotshana esilawulwayo (ububanzi bezimbotshana 3-60 nm), esingakwazi ukumunca kahle umswakama emvelweni ngenkathi sihlinzeka ngesikhundla esizinzile sezinto ezikhubaza-oksijini (njenge-iron powder, i-activated carbon), sithuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza nomthamo wokumunca umoya-mpilo wesikhubazi-oksijini. Indlela yayo eyinhloko isekelwe ekusebenziseni indlela ye-template kanye nendlela ye-sol-gel ethuthukisiwe ukulawula ngokunembayo inqubo yokuqala nokukhula kwamatshe amatshe e-silica, ukufeza ukufanisana okunembayo komthamo wezimbotshana nokusatshalaliswa kobubanzi bezimbotshana nezinye izinhlelo zezikhubazi-oksijini. Lokhu kuthuthukisa ngempumelelo indawo yokuxhumana phakathi kwezinto ezikhubaza-oksijini nomoya-mpilo, kushesisa isivinini sokuphendula sokukhubaza-oksijini, futhi kuqinisekisa umphumela osheshayo nowuphelele wokukhubaza-oksijini. 2. Ukuhlanzeka Okuphezulu Nokumelana Nomswakama Okuhle Kakhulu Ngokulandela ngokuqinile izidingo eziphakeme kakhulu zezinto ezisiza izikhubazi-oksijini, lo mkhiqizo unokuhlanzeka okungu-≥99% nokuqukethwe okuphansi kakhulu kwezinto ezingcolile (i-heavy metal lead ≤0.001%, i-arsenic ≤0.0003%), okuhambisana ngokuphelele namazinga kazwelonke okudla, amaphilisi, namazinga aphezulu aphezulu. Yonke inqubo yokukhiqiza isebenzisa ukuvikelwa ngegazi elingasebenzi kanye nobuchwepheshe bokulungiselela izinto ezingcolile kakhulu, okugwema ngokuyisisekelo ukungeniswa kwezinhlayiya ezingcolile ezingathinta umphumela wokukhubaza-oksijini noma zibangele ukungcola. Inokumelana nomswakama okuhle kakhulu nokuqina kwemvelo, ingagcina ubuqotho besakhiwo ezindaweni ezinomswakama (umswakama ohlobene ≤80%), ayimunci umswakama futhi ayihlangani, futhi iqinisekisa ngempumelelo ukusebenza okuzinzile kwesikhathi eside kwesikhubazi-oksijini. 3. Ukuhlakazeka Okuhle Kakhulu Nokuhambisana Nezinto Ezikhubaza-oksijini Ngokusekelwe ekusatshalalisweni kosayizi wezingxenye ze-nano okuhle kakhulu (D50=2-12 μm) nobuchwepheshe bokulungisa indawo, lo mkhiqizo unokusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokuhlakazeka futhi ungahlanganiswa ngokulinganayo nezingxenye ezahlukahlukene ezikhubaza-oksijini (njenge-iron powder, i-activated carbon, i-zeolite, njll.). Ingakha uhlelo lokuhlakazeka oluzinzile nezingxenye ezikhubaza-oksijini, igweme ngempumelelo ukuhlanganiswa kwezikhubazi-oksijini ngesikhathi sokugcina nokusebenzisa, iqinisekisa ukuthi zonke izikhubazi-oksijini zingathintana ngokugcwele nomoya-mpilo. Ithuthukisa izinga lokusetshenziswa kwezikhubazi-oksijini ngaphezu kuka-35%, futhi iqinisekisa ukulingana nokuqina komphumela wokukhubaza-oksijini kuyo yonke indawo yokupakisha. 4. Amandla Okwenza Ngokwezifiso Avumelayo Isekela izinsizakalo zokwenza ngokwezifiso ezibhekiswe kubantu ngamapharamitha ayinhloko njengosayizi wezingxenye (2-100 μm), indawo eqondile (300-900 m²/g) nesakhiwo sezimbotshana (3-100 nm). Ngokwezici zenqubo nezidingo zokusebenza zezimo ezahlukahlukene zokusebenzisa izikhubazi-oksijini (njengokupakisha ukudla, ukupakisha imithi, ukugcina izinto zikagesi, ukugcina izifuyo), ihlinzeka ngezixazululo zomkhiqizo ezivumelana kakhulu. Isibonelo, ezikhubazini-oksijini zokudla, ingenza ngokwezifiso i-silica enosayizi wezingxenye ezinhle, ehlanzekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha nokuhlakazeka; ezikhubazini-oksijini zezinto zikagesi, inganikeza imikhiqizo evimbela umswakama futhi ezinzile kakhulu ukugwema ukulimala komswakama ezintweni zikagesi. 5. Isiqinisekiso Sesevisi Yezobuchwepheshe Yesigaba Esigcwele Iyanikeza ukwesekwa kwezobuchwepheshe okuyindawo eyodwa okuhlanganisa ngaphambi kokuthengisa, ngesikhathi sokuthengisa, nangemva kokuthengisa. Ngaphambi kokuthengisa, inganikeza izinsizakalo zokuhlola amasampula enziwe ngokwezifiso nokuhlola ukusebenza kokukhubaza-oksijini; ngesikhathi sokuthengisa, inikeza isiqondiso sezobuchwepheshe ngesilinganiso sokuhlanganisa sezikhubazi-oksijini ne-silica, kanye nesiqondiso senqubo yokusebenzisa; ngemva kokuthengisa, ithimba lochwepheshe le-R&D lilandelela umphumela wokusebenzisa, lixazulule izinkinga zobuchwepheshe njengokuncipha kokusebenza kokukhubaza-oksijini nokuhlanganiswa, futhi lulungise amapharamitha omkhiqizo ngokusekelwe kumpendulo yomsebenzisi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuphelele kwezikhubazi-oksijini. III. Isiqinisekiso Samandla Okukhiqiza I-Shandong Zhonglian Chemistry Co., Ltd., eyasungulwa ngo-2022, iyibhizinisi lobuchwepheshe obuphezulu eligxile ku-R&D nokukhiqizwa kwezinto zamakhemikhali eziphezulu, elinamalungelo okungenisa nokuthekelisa azimele kanye nezitifiketi eziningi (kuhlanganise nesitifiketi somkhiqizo wokudla, nesitifiketi semithi). Le nkampani inezimvume ezimbili eziyinhloko emkhakheni wokulungiswa kwe-silica, okuhlanganisa idivayisi yokugaya umoya ephezulu yokukhiqiza i-silica kanye nohlelo lokulungisa oluhlakaniphile lwezinqubo zokuphendula nge-electrochemical, ihlinzeka ngokwesekwa okuqinile kwezobuchwepheshe ekuthuthukisweni kwekhwalithi yomkhiqizo. Isisekelo sokukhiqiza samukela ukulawulwa kwenqubo eyenziwe kahle, sifakwe izinto zokuhlola ezithuthukisiwe njengezihlaziya zosayizi wezingxenye ze-laser, izihlaziya zendawo eqondile nezobubanzi bezimbotshana, nezihlaziya ze-X-ray fluorescence, futhi sakhe izinqubo zokuhlola ezigcwele eziyi-18 ezihlanganisa ukuhlanzwa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa, ukuhlanganiswa kwesikhashana kuze kube ukuhlolwa komkhiqizo oqediwe. Ithole isitifiketi sohlelo lokuphatha ikhwalithi lwe-ISO9001 nesitifiketi sokuphepha sokudla, siqaphela ukulawulwa okujwayelekile kuyo yonke iketango kusuka ku-R&D, ukukhiqiza kuze kube ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi. IV. Izincazelo Zokupakisha Nokuthutha 1. Izincazelo Zokupakisha Ezijwayelekile Ukusebenzisa umklamo wokupakisha ojwayelekile ohambisana nezidingo zokupakisha zokudla nemithi, ihlinzeka ngezinketho zokupakisha izikhwama zephepha le-kraft eziyi-25kg kanye namadreyi ensimbi agalelwe i-zinc angama-50kg ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezahlukahlukene zezinamba zama-oda nokuthutha. Izinto zokupakisha zenziwe ngezinto ezingasebenzi, ezinganobuthi, ezingangcoli ukuze kugwenywe ukusabela kwamakhemikhali nomkhiqizo futhi kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha nokuhlanzeka komkhiqizo. 2. Umklamo Ochwepheshile Ovimbela Umswakama Nokungcola Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuqina komkhiqizo ngesikhathi sokuthutha nokugcina, kusebenziswa isixazululo sokuvikela esiphindwe kabili: ungqimba lwangaphakathi lusebenzisa ifilimu ye-PE yokudla enobubanzi obungu-≥0.08mm ukuze kuvalwe umswakama, kanti ungqimba lwangaphandle lusebenzisa izikhwama ezilukiwe eziqinile noma amadreyi ensimbi agalelwe i-zinc ukuze kuvikelwe ukushayisana nokungcola. Emikhiqizweni ethunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, kusetshenziswa ukupakisha kwe-vacuum + ukuthunyelwa kwesitsha ukuze kugwenywe ukungena komswakama nokungcola okuhlangene ngesikhathi sokuthutha ibanga elide, kuqinisekisa ukuthi umkhiqizo ugcina ukusebenza kwawo kwasekuqaleni lapho ufika kumakhasimende. 3. Izidingo Zokugcina Nokuthutha - Izimo zokugcina: Kufanele zigcinwe endaweni epholile, eyomile futhi enomoya omuhle, kugwenywe ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu (≥40℃) nendawo enomswakama (umswakama ohlobene ≤70%), futhi kufanele zigcinwe ngokuhlukile nezinto ezivutha kalula, izinsipho ezinamandla nezi-alkali; - Impilo yeshalofu: izinyanga ezingama-36 ngaphansi kwezimo zokugcina ezifanele; - Izici zokuthutha: Lo mkhiqizo uyikhemikhali engadali ingozi, usekela ukuthunyelwa ngolwandle, ngomhlaba, ngomoya nezinye izindlela zokuthutha, futhi ungathunyelwa ngokuphepha ezindaweni ezibekwe ngamakhasimende asekhaya naphesheya. Ngesikhathi sokuthutha, kuyadingeka ukugwema ukushayisana okunamandla, imvula nomswakama. 4. Ukulebula Okujwayelekile Wonke umthwalo womkhiqizo wokupakisha uphawulwe ngokuqinile ngolwazi lomkhiqizo njengobuntu besikhubazi-oksijini, ukuhlanzeka, indawo eqondile, ububanzi bezimbotshana, inombolo yomthwalo wokukhiqiza kanye nempilo yeshalofu; ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngokwemibandela yokulawula yezimakethe ezahlukahlukene zokuthekelisa nezindawo zokusebenzisa (ukudla, imithi), izilebula zezilimi eziningi kanye namashidi emininingwane yokuphepha (SDS) angalungiswa ngokwezifiso ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhambisana namazinga okufinyelela emakethe endawo nemithetho yokuphepha. V. Izindawo Zokusebenzisa Ezisebenzayo Lo mkhiqizo usetshenziswa kabanzi emkhakheni wezikhubazi-oksijini, uhlanganisa izimboni eziningi nezinye izimo ezidinga ukukhubaza-oksijini, ukuvimbela umswakama nokugcina: 1. Imboni Yokudla Isetshenziswa njengento esiza izikhubazi-oksijini zokudla, esebenza ezintweni ezibhakiwe, amantongomane, izithelo ezomisiwe, imikhiqizo yenyama, amaswidi, imikhiqizo yezinhlamvu namafutha, njll. Isiza izikhubazi-oksijini ukuthi zimunce ngokushesha umoya-mpilo ekupakisheni, igweme ukubola kokudla, ukubola, ukushintsha umbala nokubola, yandise impilo yokudla izikhathi ezi-2-3, futhi igcine ukunambitheka kwasekuqaleni nekhwalithi yokudla. 2. Imboni Yemithi Isetshenziswa ezikhubazini-oksijini zokupakisha imithi, okuhlanganisa amaphilisi, ama-capsule, izimpushana, imijovo nezinye izimpahla zemithi. Ingakwazi ukususa ngempumelelo umoya-mpilo ekupakisheni, igweme ukubola kwezithako zemithi, iqinisekise ukusebenza nokuqina kwemithi, futhi ihlangabezane nezidingo eziqinile zekhwalithi zemboni yemithi. 3. Imboni Yezifuyo Isetshenziswa njengento esiza izikhubazi-oksijini zezifuyo, esebenza ezifuyweni ezihlangene ezahlukahlukene, izithako zezifuyo kanye nezifuyo zasemanzini. Ivimbela ukubola kwezifuyo, ukubola nokulahleka kwezakhamzimba ngesikhathi sokugcina, ithuthukisa ikhwalithi yezifuyo, futhi igweme izifo zezilwane ezibangelwa izifuyo ezibolile. 34. Imboni Yezinto Zikagesi Nezinsizakalo Eziqine Kakhulu Isetshenziswa ezikhubazini-oksijini zezinto zikagesi nezinsizakalo eziqine kakhulu (njenge-chips, izinzwa, izilinganiso eziqine kakhulu). Ayisusi kuphela umoya-mpilo ekupakisheni ukuze kugwenywe ukugqwala kwezingxenye zensimbi, kodwa futhi inokusebenza okuhle kakhulu okuvimbela umswakama, igweme ukulimala komswakama ezintweni zikagesi nezinsizakalo eziqine kakhulu, iqinisekisa ukusebenza kwazo okujwayelekile nempilo. VI. Isiphetho I-silicon dioxide ye-Shandong Zhonglian Chemistry eyenzelwe izikhubazi-oksijini ibekwe enkabeni ye-"ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kokukhubaza-oksijini, ukwandisa isikhathi sokugcina nokuqinisekisa ukuphepha komkhiqizo". Ngokusekelwe kubuchwepheshe bokulungiselela obusha, uhlelo oluqinile lokulawula ikhwalithi kanye nethimba lezobuchwepheshe eliqeqeshiwe, ihlinzeka ngezixazululo eziyindawo eyodwa zezikhubazi-oksijini ezinkampanini ezimbonini zokudla, zemithi, zezifuyo, zikagesi nezinye izimboni. Le nkampani izibophezele ekuthuthukiseni imboni yezikhubazi-oksijini ngemikhiqizo esezingeni eliphezulu futhi yamukela ngobuqotho imibuzo nokubambisana okuvela kumakhasimende asekhaya naphesheya.